Abstract:
:Since 1935, various mechanisms have been suggested for the formation of subsurface lesions and, in particular, the surface layer covering enamel lesions. The relatively intact mineral-rich and porous surface layer is most likely caused by kinetic events. The suggested mineral-rich outer layer in sound enamel, the organic matrix, the pellicle, or a non-uniform ion distribution have all been shown to be non-essential for surface layer formation; they may, however, influence the rate of surface layer formation. Models based on outer surface protection by adsorbed agents, the dissolution-precipitation mechanism, and combinations of these two models, as well as models based on porosity or solubility gradients, are discussed in this paper together with their advantages and disadvantages. Most models have not explained some important recent experimental observations on initial in vivo caries lesion formation: e.g., initial enamel lesions formed in vivo do not have a surface layer initially but develop this mineral-rich layer later on; and the fact that the F- level in the solid sound enamel is not determining the subsurface lesion formation. Furthermore, the observations that in vitro fluoride ions in the liquid at very low levels (approximately equal to 0.02 ppm) determine surface layer formation are difficult to explain. A new kinetic model for subsurface lesion formation is described, in which inhibitors such as F- or proteins play an important role. The model predicts that if lesions depth and demineralization period are denoted by df and t, lesion progress can be described by: dfp = alpha t + c, where alpha and c are constants with 1 less than or equal to p less than or equal to 3, depending on the lesion formation conditions. If lesion progress is entirely diffusion-controlled, p = 3, corresponding to low inhibitor concentrations; if the inhibitor content is so high that the progress is controlled by processes at the crystallite surface, p = 1. A kinetic mechanism for surface layer formation in vivo is proposed, based on the assumption that F- is a main inhibitor in the plaque-covered acidic in vivo situation. The inhibiting fluoride, adsorbed onto the crystallite surfaces at OH- vacancies, originates from the so-called fluoride in the liquid phase (FL) between the enamel crystallites. Under acidic conditions (plaque), we have, due to an influx of fluoride from the saliva or plaque as FL, an aqueous phase in the enamel supersaturated with respect to the mineral for a small distance (x*) only.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
journal_name
J Dent Resjournal_title
Journal of dental researchauthors
Arends J,Christoffersen Jdoi
10.1177/00220345860650010201subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1986-01-01 00:00:00pages
2-11issue
1eissn
0022-0345issn
1544-0591journal_volume
65pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::The temporal and spatial patterns in which teeth are initiated in the growing jaws of embryos are constant for a species but different for different species. The sources of the patterns have been explained in two ways. First, they are the outcome of reactions between molecules created at stationary targets and those w...
journal_title:Journal of dental research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/00220345980770090901
更新日期:1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of chronic fluoride (F) exposure from the drinking water on parameters related to glucose homeostasis was investigated. Wistar rats were randomly distributed into 2 groups (diabetic [D] and nondiabetic [ND]; n = 54 each). In D, diabetes was induced with streptozotocin. Each group was further divided into 3 ...
journal_title:Journal of dental research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0022034515581186
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The fatigue crack growth resistance of dentin was characterized as a function of depth from the dentino-enamel junction. Compact tension (CT) specimens were prepared from the crowns of third molars in the deep, middle, and peripheral dentin. The microstructure was quantified in terms of the average tubule dimensions a...
journal_title:Journal of dental research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0022034511408429
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The feasibility of immunizing monkeys with enzymes from oral streptococci in an attempt to reduce dental caries was investigated. Forty rhesus monkeys, Macaca mulatta, were used. Cariogenic streptococci, S mutans, were implanted into all the monkeys' mouths. There was no pathological effect resulting from immunization...
journal_title:Journal of dental research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/00220345770560123001
更新日期:1977-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to examine the association between the bone mass (bone mineral content [BMC]) and hypomineralized second primary molars (HSPMs)/molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) in 6-y-old children. This cross-sectional study was embedded in the Generation R Study, a population-based prospective cohort ...
journal_title:Journal of dental research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0022034515625470
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling has been implicated in the regulation of osteogenesis in both intramembranous and endochondral ossifications. In the developing palate, the anterior bony palate forms by direct differentiation of cranial neural crest (CNC)-derived mesenchymal cells, but the signals that regulat...
journal_title:Journal of dental research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0022034517750141
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two series of dental composites, along with the unfilled resin matrix, were examined to determine the effects of filler level and size on selected properties. Both series were prepared by incorporating a silanated barium borosilicate filler into a visible-light-activated polyphenylene polymethacrylate resin matrix. On...
journal_title:Journal of dental research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/00220345850640121501
更新日期:1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A dental appointment commonly prompts fear of a painful experience, yet we have never fully understood how our brains react to the expectation of imminent tooth pain once in a dental chair. In our study, 21 patients with hypersensitive teeth were tested using nonpainful and painful stimuli in a clinical setting. Subje...
journal_title:Journal of dental research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0022034515581642
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present investigation demonstrates that direct application of a composite resin on an acid-etched, vital dentin surface is hazardous to the pulp in monkey teeth. This indicates that exposed dentin should be protected before treating the tooth with a restorative technique including acid etching. A ca(OH)2-containin...
journal_title:Journal of dental research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/00220345760550022001
更新日期:1976-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::1) A new adhesive opaque resin containing a reactive monomer, 4-methacryloxy-ethyl trimellitate anhydride (4-META), was prepared, and its application to thermosetting acrylic resin veneer crowns was studied. 2) The 4-META opaque resin was applied to a variety of nickel-chromium dental alloy specimens which had undergo...
journal_title:Journal of dental research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/00220345810600091101
更新日期:1981-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A complex feedback mechanism between parathyroid hormone (PTH), 1,25(OH)2D3 (1,25D), and fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23) maintains mineral homeostasis, in part by regulating calcium and phosphate absorption/reabsorption. Previously, we showed that 1,25D regulates mineral homeostasis by repressing dentin matrix pr...
journal_title:Journal of dental research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0022034515599726
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A series of 4,6-dichloro-1,3,5-triazines [e.g., 2-allylamino-(ADT), diallylamino-(DADT), 2-N-p-allyloxyphenylamino-, 2-N-allyl-N-phenylamino-, and 2-N-allyl-N-p-tolylamino-4,6-dichloro-1,3,5-triazine] was synthesized and characterized by IR, NMR, and mass spectrometry. These monomers have chlorine atoms that can react...
journal_title:Journal of dental research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/00220345860650120401
更新日期:1986-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The acquired dental pellicle helps prevent erosion, but the protection level is unknown. This in situ study tested whether a two-hour pellicle protects against different erosive challenges by orange juice. Subjects wore palatal appliances loaded with either enamel or dentin specimens. Pellicle was allowed to form, or ...
journal_title:Journal of dental research
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1177/154405910608500706
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Molecular studies indicate that epigenetic events are important in determining how the internal enamel epithelium folds during odontogenesis. Since this process of folding leads to the subsequent arrangement of cusps on molar teeth, we hypothesized that intercuspal distances of human molar teeth would display greater ...
journal_title:Journal of dental research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/154405910308200505
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Potassium ions in dentifrices for treating 'hypersensitive' dentin are believed to act directly on intradental nerves by raising extracellular potassium ion concentration ([K+]o) sufficiently to prevent action potential generation by axonal accommodation. However, the [K+]o necessary to block nerve conduction is not p...
journal_title:Journal of dental research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/00220345950740020301
更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2010 Study produced comparable estimates of the burden of 291 diseases and injuries in 1990, 2005, and 2010. This article reports on the global burden of untreated caries, severe periodontitis, and severe tooth loss in 2010 and compares those figures with new estimates for 1990. We u...
journal_title:Journal of dental research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0022034513490168
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A study was made of the hydration of dental cements, water being classified as "non-evaporable" and "evaporable". The ratio of these two types of water was found to vary greatly among different cement types, being lesser in zinc oxide and ionic polymer cements and greater in ion-leachable glass and phosphoric acid cem...
journal_title:Journal of dental research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/00220345790580030701
更新日期:1979-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to evaluate the Bruxcore Plate (BP) as a dependent measure of nocturnal bruxing activity. As part of a bruxism treatment study, we evaluated 100 nocturnal bruxers for bruxing activity before, during, and immediately after treatment and again at a six-month recall. The first 40 subjects wo...
journal_title:Journal of dental research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/00220345890680061101
更新日期:1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Purinergic signaling is involved in pain generation and modulation in the nociceptive sensory nervous system. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) induces pain via activation of ionotropic P2X receptors while adenosine mediates analgesia via activation of metabotropic P1 receptors. These purinergic signaling are determined by...
journal_title:Journal of dental research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0022034517692953
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Silver cations generated by passing low intensity direct current through pure silver electrodes were found to be sufficiently antibacterial to cause sterilization of samples of infected dentin. The optimal procedure involved a 5 microA current applied for 20 minutes with the anode then left in contact with the sample....
journal_title:Journal of dental research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/00220345780570091901
更新日期:1978-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Auto-degradation of collagen matrices occurs within hybrid layers created by contemporary dentin bonding systems, by the slow action of host-derived matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). This study tested the null hypothesis that there are no differences in the activities of MMP-2 and -9 after treatment with different etc...
journal_title:Journal of dental research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0022034512467034
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The expression of antimicrobial peptides at epithelial surfaces such as skin, lung, and intestine is thought to provide protection against infection. Cathelicidin antimicrobial peptides are essential for the protection of skin against invasive bacterial infection. To determine if cathelicidins are also present in the ...
journal_title:Journal of dental research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/154405910208101210
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previously, we reported that the rate (R) of hydroxyapatite dissolution in acetic, lactic, and phosphoric acid solutions is a function of the degree of saturation with respect to the dissolving mineral, DS (defined as the ratio of the mean ionic activity product for hydroxyapatite [Ca5OH(PO4)3] in solution to its solu...
journal_title:Journal of dental research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/00220345990780070701
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The human mandibular condyle has a parasagittal plate-like trabecular structure. We tested the hypothesis that this structure reflects the mechanical loading of the condyle. We developed a finite element model of the condyle to analyze the strains occurring during static compressive loading. The principal strains in t...
journal_title:Journal of dental research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/154405910208101010
更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 1984, a four-year mixed-longitudinal study of oral health was begun in Morogoro Town and Morogoro District, Tanzania. Its main goal was to detect a possible upward trend in prevalence of caries in child cohorts in this developing country. The sample consisted of 722 seven- to nine-year-olds in 1984, 833 seven- to 1...
journal_title:Journal of dental research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/00220345890680121101
更新日期:1989-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Extracellular matrix (ECM) mineralization is regulated by mineral ion availability, proteins, and other molecular determinants. To investigate protein regulation of mineralization in tooth dentin and cementum, and in alveolar bone, we expressed matrix Gla protein (MGP) ectopically in bones and teeth in mice, using an ...
journal_title:Journal of dental research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/154405910808700907
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Selected strains of oral Streptococcus and Actinomyces have been tested for their ability to grow in the presence of mercury. Strains were tested for growth on a semi-defined medium with low mercury-binding characteristics. Sensitivities were initially measured on agar plates, and subsequently, selected strains were g...
journal_title:Journal of dental research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/00220345930720091201
更新日期:1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The field of dental materials has undergone more of a revolution than an evolution over the past 100 y. The development of new products, especially in the past half century, has occurred at a staggering pace, and their introduction to the market has been equally impressive. The movement has mostly come in the area of ...
journal_title:Journal of dental research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0022034518822808
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antigenic alterations to the dentin organic matrix may be detected by an immunohistochemical approach. We hypothesized that alterations in the antigenicity of type I collagen and proteoglycans occur in sclerotic dentin under caries lesions. Transverse sections were prepared from carious teeth in the sclerotic zone and...
journal_title:Journal of dental research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/154405910608500204
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Restriction endonuclease analysis (REA) was performed on the total cellular DNA from each of 396 strains of mutans streptococci (1) to determine its potential usefulness for the study of transmission of the organism and (2) to document the proportions and variety of strains harbored by members of a small group of fami...
journal_title:Journal of dental research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/00220345890680070401
更新日期:1989-07-01 00:00:00