Retinal pigmented epithelial cells induced to transdifferentiate to neurons by laminin.

abstract：:Many physiological events require transient increases in cytosolic Ca(2+) concentrations. Ryanodine receptors (RyRs) are ion channels that govern the release of Ca(2+) from the endoplasmic and sarcoplasmic reticulum. Mutations in RyRs can lead to severe genetic conditions that affect both cardiac and skeletal muscle, ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Tung CC,Lobo PA,Kimlicka L,Van Petegem F

更新日期：2010-11-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Geochemical and sedimentological evidence suggest that the rapid climate warming oscillations of the last ice age, the Dansgaard-Oeschger cycles, were coupled to fluctuations in North Atlantic meridional overturning circulation through its regulation of poleward heat flux. The balance between cold meltwater from the n...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Schmidt MW,Vautravers MJ,Spero HJ

更新日期：2006-10-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The three-dimensional organization of the genome supports regulated gene expression, recombination, DNA repair, and chromosome segregation during mitosis. Chromosome conformation capture (Hi-C)1,2 analysis has revealed a complex genomic landscape of internal chromosomal structures in vertebrate cells3-7, but the ident...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Mitter M,Gasser C,Takacs Z,Langer CCH,Tang W,Jessberger G,Beales CT,Neuner E,Ameres SL,Peters JM,Goloborodko A,Micura R,Gerlich DW

更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Exchange dynamics between molecules free in solution and bound to the surface of a large supramolecular structure, a polymer, a membrane or solid support are important in many phenomena in biology and materials science. Here we present a novel and generally applicable solution NMR technique, known as dark-state exchan...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Fawzi NL,Ying J,Ghirlando R,Torchia DA,Clore GM

更新日期：2011-10-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Tobacco smoking causes lung cancer1-3, a process that is driven by more than 60 carcinogens in cigarette smoke that directly damage and mutate DNA4,5. The profound effects of tobacco on the genome of lung cancer cells are well-documented6-10, but equivalent data for normal bronchial cells are lacking. Here we sequence...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Yoshida K,Gowers KHC,Lee-Six H,Chandrasekharan DP,Coorens T,Maughan EF,Beal K,Menzies A,Millar FR,Anderson E,Clarke SE,Pennycuick A,Thakrar RM,Butler CR,Kakiuchi N,Hirano T,Hynds RE,Stratton MR,Martincorena I,Janes

更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A key event in the domestication and breeding of the oil palm Elaeis guineensis was loss of the thick coconut-like shell surrounding the kernel. Modern E. guineensis has three fruit forms, dura (thick-shelled), pisifera (shell-less) and tenera (thin-shelled), a hybrid between dura and pisifera. The pisifera palm is us...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Singh R,Low ET,Ooi LC,Ong-Abdullah M,Ting NC,Nagappan J,Nookiah R,Amiruddin MD,Rosli R,Manaf MA,Chan KL,Halim MA,Azizi N,Lakey N,Smith SW,Budiman MA,Hogan M,Bacher B,Van Brunt A,Wang C,Ordway JM,Sambanthamurthi

更新日期：2013-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Two large-scale yeast two-hybrid screens were undertaken to identify protein-protein interactions between full-length open reading frames predicted from the Saccharomyces cerevisiae genome sequence. In one approach, we constructed a protein array of about 6,000 yeast transformants, with each transformant expressing on...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Uetz P,Giot L,Cagney G,Mansfield TA,Judson RS,Knight JR,Lockshon D,Narayan V,Srinivasan M,Pochart P,Qureshi-Emili A,Li Y,Godwin B,Conover D,Kalbfleisch T,Vijayadamodar G,Yang M,Johnston M,Fields S,Rothberg JM

更新日期：2000-02-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Embryonal tumours with multilayered rosettes (ETMRs) are aggressive paediatric embryonal brain tumours with a universally poor prognosis1. Here we collected 193 primary ETMRs and 23 matched relapse samples to investigate the genomic landscape of this distinct tumour type. We found that patients with tumours in which t...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Lambo S,Gröbner SN,Rausch T,Waszak SM,Schmidt C,Gorthi A,Romero JC,Mauermann M,Brabetz S,Krausert S,Buchhalter I,Koster J,Zwijnenburg DA,Sill M,Hübner JM,Mack N,Schwalm B,Ryzhova M,Hovestadt V,Papillon-Cavanagh S,

更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recognition of modified histone species by distinct structural domains within 'reader' proteins plays a critical role in the regulation of gene expression. Readers that simultaneously recognize histones with multiple marks allow transduction of complex chromatin modification patterns into specific biological outcomes....

journal_title：Nature

authors： Tsai WW,Wang Z,Yiu TT,Akdemir KC,Xia W,Winter S,Tsai CY,Shi X,Schwarzer D,Plunkett W,Aronow B,Gozani O,Fischle W,Hung MC,Patel DJ,Barton MC

更新日期：2010-12-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Convection is a fundamental physical process in the fluid cores of planets. It is the primary transport mechanism for heat and chemical species and the primary energy source for planetary magnetic fields. Key properties of convection-such as the characteristic flow velocity and length scale-are poorly quantified in pl...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Guervilly C,Cardin P,Schaeffer N

更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nicotine obtained from tobacco can improve learning and memory on various tasks and has been linked to arousal, attention, rapid information processing, working memory, and long-term memories that can cause craving years after someone has stopped smoking. One likely target for these effects is the hippocampus, a centr...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Gray R,Rajan AS,Radcliffe KA,Yakehiro M,Dani JA

更新日期：1996-10-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Apart from the retroviral gag, pol and env the HIV genome contains the F (3' orf) gene which encodes a polypeptide of 206 amino acids which is myristylated at the N-terminal and whose function is unknown. We have expressed the F gene in Escherichia coli and from a recombinant vaccinia virus, VVTGfHIV. The F-protein pr...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Guy B,Kieny MP,Riviere Y,Le Peuch C,Dott K,Girard M,Montagnier L,Lecocq JP

更新日期：1987-11-19 00:00:00

abstract：:The enzyme Cu, Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD) protects against oxidative damage by dismuting the superoxide radical O2-. to molecular oxygen and hydrogen peroxide at the active-site Cu ion in a reaction that is rate-limited by diffusion and enhanced by electrostatic guidance. SOD has evolved to be one of the fastest en...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Getzoff ED,Cabelli DE,Fisher CL,Parge HE,Viezzoli MS,Banci L,Hallewell RA

更新日期：1992-07-23 00:00:00

abstract：:The foundations of mammalian development lie in a cluster of embryonic epiblast stem cells. In response to extracellular matrix signalling, these cells undergo epithelialization and create an apical surface in contact with a cavity, a fundamental event for all subsequent development. Concomitantly, epiblast cells tran...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Shahbazi MN,Scialdone A,Skorupska N,Weberling A,Recher G,Zhu M,Jedrusik A,Devito LG,Noli L,Macaulay IC,Buecker C,Khalaf Y,Ilic D,Voet T,Marioni JC,Zernicka-Goetz M

更新日期：2017-12-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Mitochondria, organelles specialized in energy conservation reactions in eukaryotic cells, have evolved from eubacteria-like endosymbionts whose closest known relatives are the rickettsial group of alpha-proteobacteria. Because characterized mitochondrial genomes vary markedly in structure, it has been impossible to i...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Lang BF,Burger G,O'Kelly CJ,Cedergren R,Golding GB,Lemieux C,Sankoff D,Turmel M,Gray MW

更新日期：1997-05-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Fusion of biological membranes is mediated by specific lipid-interacting proteins that induce the formation and expansion of an initial fusion pore. Here we report the crystal structure of the ectodomain of the Semliki Forest virus fusion glycoprotein E1 in its low-pH-induced trimeric form. E1 adopts a folded-back con...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Gibbons DL,Vaney MC,Roussel A,Vigouroux A,Reilly B,Lepault J,Kielian M,Rey FA

更新日期：2004-01-22 00:00:00

abstract：:For many decades comparative analyses of protein sequences and structures have been used to investigate fundamental principles of molecular evolution. In contrast, relatively little is known about the long-term evolution of species' phenotypic and genetic properties. This represents an important gap in our understandi...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Plata G,Henry CS,Vitkup D

更新日期：2015-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Olefin chemistry, through pericyclic reactions, polymerizations, oxidations, or reductions, has an essential role in the manipulation of organic matter. Despite its importance, olefin synthesis still relies largely on chemistry introduced more than three decades ago, with metathesis being the most recent addition. Her...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Edwards JT,Merchant RR,McClymont KS,Knouse KW,Qin T,Malins LR,Vokits B,Shaw SA,Bao DH,Wei FL,Zhou T,Eastgate MD,Baran PS

更新日期：2017-05-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Design-specific control over excited-state dynamics is necessary for any application seeking to convert light into chemical potential. Such control is especially desirable in iron(II)-based chromophores, which are an Earth-abundant option for a wide range of photo-induced electron-transfer applications including solar...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Paulus BC,Adelman SL,Jamula LL,McCusker JK

更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The diverse functions of RNA, which include enzymatic activities, regulatory roles in transcription and translation, are made possible by tertiary structure. Computer algorithms can predict the secondary structure of an RNA molecule using free-energy parameters for base pairing and stacking, loops and bulges. However,...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Puglisi JD,Wyatt JR,Tinoco I Jr

更新日期：1988-01-21 00:00:00

abstract：:On being heated, ice melts into liquid water. Although in practice this process tends to be heterogeneous, it can occur homogeneously inside bulk ice. The thermally induced homogeneous melting of solids is fairly well understood, and involves the formation and growth of melting nuclei. But in the case of water, resili...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Mochizuki K,Matsumoto M,Ohmine I

更新日期：2013-06-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Extinction from habitat loss is the signature conservation problem of the twenty-first century. Despite its importance, estimating extinction rates is still highly uncertain because no proven direct methods or reliable data exist for verifying extinctions. The most widely used indirect method is to estimate extinction...

journal_title：Nature

authors： He F,Hubbell SP

更新日期：2011-05-19 00:00:00

abstract：:The polypeptide chains that make up proteins have thousands of atoms and hence millions of possible inter-atomic interactions. It might be supposed that the resulting complexity would make prediction of protein structure and protein-folding mechanisms nearly impossible. But the fundamental physics underlying folding m...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Baker D

更新日期：2000-05-04 00:00:00

abstract：:The hot streak-loosely defined as 'winning begets more winnings'-highlights a specific period during which an individual's performance is substantially better than his or her typical performance. Although hot streaks have been widely debated in sports1,2, gambling3-5 and financial markets6,7 over the past several deca...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Liu L,Wang Y,Sinatra R,Giles CL,Song C,Wang D

更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In their investigation into whether female mate-choice drives male dispersal, Höner et al. argue that female spotted hyaenas (Crocuta crocuta) prefer mates whose tenure in the social group is less than the females' age, to avoid paternal incest, and suggest that male dispersal reflects this preference. However, we are...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Van Horn RC,Watts HE,Holekamp KE

更新日期：2008-07-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Xenoturbellida and Acoelomorpha are marine worms with contentious ancestry. Both were originally associated with the flatworms (Platyhelminthes), but molecular data have revised their phylogenetic positions, generally linking Xenoturbellida to the deuterostomes and positioning the Acoelomorpha as the most basally bran...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Philippe H,Brinkmann H,Copley RR,Moroz LL,Nakano H,Poustka AJ,Wallberg A,Peterson KJ,Telford MJ

更新日期：2011-02-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The assessment of changes in tropical cyclone activity within the context of anthropogenically influenced climate change has been limited by the short temporal resolution of the instrumental tropical cyclone record (less than 50 years). Furthermore, controversy exists regarding the robustness of the observational reco...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Haig J,Nott J,Reichart GJ

更新日期：2014-01-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Although male parental care is rare among mammals, adult males of many cercopithecine primate species provide care for infants and juveniles. This care is often in the form of grooming, carrying, support in agonistic interactions, and protection against infanticide. For these behaviours to be interpreted as true paren...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Buchan JC,Alberts SC,Silk JB,Altmann J

更新日期：2003-09-11 00:00:00

abstract：:The Fanconi anaemia (FA) pathway repairs DNA damage caused by endogenous and chemotherapy-induced DNA crosslinks, and responds to replication stress1,2. Genetic inactivation of this pathway by mutation of genes encoding FA complementation group (FANC) proteins impairs development, prevents blood production and promote...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Shakeel S,Rajendra E,Alcón P,O'Reilly F,Chorev DS,Maslen S,Degliesposti G,Russo CJ,He S,Hill CH,Skehel JM,Scheres SHW,Patel KJ,Rappsilber J,Robinson CV,Passmore LA

更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Planetary aurorae are formed by energetic charged particles streaming along the planet's magnetic field lines into the upper atmosphere from the surrounding space environment. Earth's main auroral oval is formed through interactions with the solar wind, whereas that at Jupiter is formed through interactions with plasm...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Stallard T,Miller S,Melin H,Lystrup M,Cowley SW,Bunce EJ,Achilleos N,Dougherty M

更新日期：2008-06-19 00:00:00