Abstract:
:The assessment of changes in tropical cyclone activity within the context of anthropogenically influenced climate change has been limited by the short temporal resolution of the instrumental tropical cyclone record (less than 50 years). Furthermore, controversy exists regarding the robustness of the observational record, especially before 1990. Here we show, on the basis of a new tropical cyclone activity index (CAI), that the present low levels of storm activity on the mid west and northeast coasts of Australia are unprecedented over the past 550 to 1,500 years. The CAI allows for a direct comparison between the modern instrumental record and long-term palaeotempest (prehistoric tropical cyclone) records derived from the (18)O/(16)O ratio of seasonally accreting carbonate layers of actively growing stalagmites. Our results reveal a repeated multicentennial cycle of tropical cyclone activity, the most recent of which commenced around AD 1700. The present cycle includes a sharp decrease in activity after 1960 in Western Australia. This is in contrast to the increasing frequency and destructiveness of Northern Hemisphere tropical cyclones since 1970 in the Atlantic Ocean and the western North Pacific Ocean. Other studies project a decrease in the frequency of tropical cyclones towards the end of the twenty-first century in the southwest Pacific, southern Indian and Australian regions. Our results, although based on a limited record, suggest that this may be occurring much earlier than expected.
journal_name
Naturejournal_title
Natureauthors
Haig J,Nott J,Reichart GJdoi
10.1038/nature12882subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-01-30 00:00:00pages
667-71issue
7485eissn
0028-0836issn
1476-4687pii
nature12882journal_volume
505pub_type
历史文章,杂志文章相关文献
NATURE文献大全abstract::Prions are believed to be infectious, self-propagating polymers of otherwise soluble, host-encoded proteins. This concept is now strongly supported by the recent findings that amyloid fibrils of recombinant prion proteins from yeast, Podospora anserina and mammals can induce prion phenotypes in the corresponding hosts...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature03793
更新日期:2005-06-09 00:00:00
abstract::Patchwork homology observed between divergent members of polymorphic multigene families is thought to reflect evolution by short-tract gene conversion (nonreciprocal recombination), although this mechanism cannot usually be confirmed in higher organisms. In contrast to meiotic conversions observed in laboratory yeast ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/347192a0
更新日期:1990-09-13 00:00:00
abstract::The rarity and inaccessibility of the earliest primordial germ cells (PGCs) in the mouse embryo thwart efforts to investigate molecular mechanisms of germ-cell specification. stella (also called Dppa3) marks the rare founder population of the germ lineage. Here we differentiate mouse embryonic stem cells carrying a st...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature08210
更新日期:2009-08-13 00:00:00
abstract::We have shown previously that chemically skinned fibre bundles from scallop muscle can be desensitized to the action of calcium by the removal of the regulatory light chains of myosin and that sensitivity can be restored by the re-addition of scallop light chains. We have now confirmed these results and extended our o...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/286626a0
更新日期:1980-08-07 00:00:00
abstract::The global land and ocean carbon sinks have increased proportionally with increasing carbon dioxide emissions during the past decades1. It is thought that Northern Hemisphere lands make a dominant contribution to the global land carbon sink2-7; however, the long-term trend of the northern land sink remains uncertain. ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1078-6
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The maintenance of genome stability during mitosis is coordinated by the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) through its effector the mitotic checkpoint complex (MCC), an inhibitor of the anaphase-promoting complex (APC/C, also known as the cyclosome)1,2. Unattached kinetochores control MCC assembly by catalysing a chan...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-018-0281-1
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Evolution of the earliest mammals shows successive episodes of diversification. Lineage-splitting in Mesozoic mammals is coupled with many independent evolutionary experiments and ecological specializations. Classic scenarios of mammalian morphological evolution tend to posit an orderly acquisition of key evolutionary...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1038/nature06277
更新日期:2007-12-13 00:00:00
abstract::The injection of Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) into the wing web of newly hatched chicks causes a rapidly growing sarcomatous tumour which is palpable within 1 week of inoculation; and cultures of fibroblasts derived from chick embryos (CEF) and infected with RSV become rapidly transformed. Genetic studies have determined ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/309552a0
更新日期:1984-06-07 00:00:00
abstract::The variable (V) regions of heavy and light immunoglobulin chains are encoded by multiple germline DNA elements which are assembled into complete variable-region genes in precursor(pre-) B lymphocytes. The heavy-chain V region (VH) is assembled from three separate germline DNA elements, the variable (VH), diversity (D...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/317353a0
更新日期:1985-09-26 00:00:00
abstract:: ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 评论,新闻
doi:10.1038/d41586-018-07008-6
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eukaryotic transfer RNA genes have two internal discontinuous control regions, the A and B blocks, which correspond approximately to the D-stem and the pseudo-U arm of tRNA. In reconstituted transcription systems at least two components are required to direct accurate initiation by RNA polymerase (refs 4,5). However, ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/304747a0
更新日期:1983-08-25 00:00:00
abstract::Convection is a fundamental physical process in the fluid cores of planets. It is the primary transport mechanism for heat and chemical species and the primary energy source for planetary magnetic fields. Key properties of convection-such as the characteristic flow velocity and length scale-are poorly quantified in pl...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1301-5
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent advances in stem-cell technology are now allowing the mechanisms of human disease to be studied in human cells. A new era for regenerative medicine is arising from such disease models, extending beyond early cell-based therapies and towards evaluating genetic variation in humans and identifying the molecular pa...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature07037
更新日期:2008-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::Calcium influx through voltage-sensitive Ca2+ channels is the normal physiological stimulus for the activity-dependent release of neurotransmitters at synaptic contacts. It has been postulated that presynaptic inhibition of transmitter release is due to a reduction in Ca2+ influx at the nerve terminal, which could res...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/364635a0
更新日期:1993-08-12 00:00:00
abstract::The chemical evolution of the Earth and the terrestrial planets is largely controlled by the density of silicate melts. If melt density is higher than that of the surrounding solid, incompatible elements dissolved in the melt will be sequestered in the deep mantle. Previous studies on dry (water-free) melts showed tha...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature04241
更新日期:2005-11-24 00:00:00
abstract::Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has a dismal prognosis largely owing to inefficient diagnosis and tenacious drug resistance. Activation of pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) and consequent development of dense stroma are prominent features accounting for this aggressive biology1,2. The reciprocal interplay betwe...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1130-6
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Connectivity in the cortex is organized at multiple scales, suggesting that scale-dependent correlated activity is particularly important for understanding the behaviour of sensory cortices and their function in stimulus encoding. We analysed the scale-dependent structure of cortical interactions by using maximum entr...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature09178
更新日期:2010-07-29 00:00:00
abstract::Ongoing efforts within synthetic and systems biology have been directed towards the building of artificial computational devices using engineered biological units as basic building blocks. Such efforts, inspired in the standard design of electronic circuits, are limited by the difficulties arising from wiring the basi...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature09679
更新日期:2011-01-13 00:00:00
abstract::Epidermal growth factor (EGF) and transforming growth factor type I (TGF) are polypeptides of 53 and 50 amino acid residues, respectively. Both bind to EGF receptor, a 1,200-residue transmembranous glycoprotein, leading to phosphorylation of the receptor, enhancement of its tyrosine-specific kinase activity and ultima...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/313491a0
更新日期:1985-02-07 00:00:00
abstract::Most normal mammalian cells have a finite lifespan, thought to constitute a protective mechanism against unlimited proliferation. This phenomenon, called senescence, is driven by telomere attrition, which triggers the induction of tumour suppressors including p16(INK4a) (ref. 5). In cultured cells, senescence can be e...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature03890
更新日期:2005-08-04 00:00:00
abstract::Extremely intense and ultrafast X-ray pulses from free-electron lasers offer unique opportunities to study fundamental aspects of complex transient phenomena in materials. Ultrafast time-resolved methods usually require highly synchronized pulses to initiate a transition and then probe it after a precisely defined tim...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature06049
更新日期:2007-08-09 00:00:00
abstract::Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi (Glomeromycota) reproduce asexually, are multinucleate, and have high genetic variation within single cells. Pawlowska and Taylor find that genetic variation within AM fungal cells is not lost as a result of segregation, and they interpret this as evidence that the variation is presen...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature03294
更新日期:2005-01-13 00:00:00
abstract::Haematopoiesis is an essential process that evolved in multicellular animals. At the heart of this process are haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), which are multipotent and self-renewing, and generate the entire repertoire of blood and immune cells throughout an animal's life1. Although there have been comprehensive stu...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-018-0783-x
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human behaviour is thought to spread through face-to-face social networks, but it is difficult to identify social influence effects in observational studies, and it is unknown whether online social networks operate in the same way. Here we report results from a randomized controlled trial of political mobilization mes...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1038/nature11421
更新日期:2012-09-13 00:00:00
abstract::Insulin is the primary hormone involved in glucose homeostasis, and impairment of insulin action and/or secretion has a critical role in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus. Type-II SH2-domain-containing inositol 5-phosphatase, or 'SHIP2', is a member of the inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase family. In vitro stud...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/35051094
更新日期:2001-01-04 00:00:00
abstract::The standard form of back-propagation learning is implausible as a model of perceptual learning because it requires an external teacher to specify the desired output of the network. We show how the external teacher can be replaced by internally derived teaching signals. These signals are generated by using the assumpt...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/355161a0
更新日期:1992-01-09 00:00:00
abstract::The split promoter sequences of a tRNALeuCUG gene of Xenopus laevis have been mapped to nucleotides 13-20 and 51-64 of the tRNALeu coding sequences. The sequences closely coincide with two conserved sequence blocks present in all eukaryotic tRNA genes. The two conserved sequence blocks were found to be exchangeable be...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/294626a0
更新日期:1981-12-17 00:00:00
abstract::The current picture of galaxy evolution advocates co-evolution of galaxies and their nuclear massive black holes, through accretion and galactic merging. Pairs of quasars, each with a massive black hole at the centre of its galaxy, have separations of 6,000 to 300,000 light years (refs 2 and 3; 1 parsec = 3.26 light y...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature10364
更新日期:2011-08-31 00:00:00
abstract::The terrestrial sediment record indicates that the Earth's climate varied drastically in the Precambrian era (before 550 million years ago), ranging from surface temperatures similar to or higher than today's to global glaciation events. The most continuous record of sea surface temperatures of that time has been deri...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature05239
更新日期:2006-10-26 00:00:00
abstract::Insulin resistance occurs in a variety of conditions, including diabetes, obesity and essential hypertension, but its underlying molecular mechanisms are unclear. In type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus, it is insulin-resistance in skeletal muscle, the chief site of insulin-mediated glucose disposal in hum...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/335632a0
更新日期:1988-10-13 00:00:00