Correlation of structural elements and infectivity of the HET-s prion.

abstract：:Neurons in the visual cortex respond preferentially to edge-like stimuli of a particular orientation. It is a long-standing hypothesis that orientation selectivity arises during development through the activity-dependent refinement of cortical circuitry. Unambiguous evidence for such a process has, however, remained e...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Wolf F,Geisel T

更新日期：1998-09-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Pairs of asteroids sharing similar heliocentric orbits, but not bound together, were found recently. Backward integrations of their orbits indicated that they separated gently with low relative velocities, but did not provide additional insight into their formation mechanism. A previously hypothesized rotational fissi...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Pravec P,Vokrouhlický D,Polishook D,Scheeres DJ,Harris AW,Galád A,Vaduvescu O,Pozo F,Barr A,Longa P,Vachier F,Colas F,Pray DP,Pollock J,Reichart D,Ivarsen K,Haislip J,Lacluyze A,Kusnirák P,Henych T,Marchis F,Mac

更新日期：2010-08-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Excitatory amino acids induce both acute membrane depolarization and latent cellular toxicity, which often leads to apoptosis in many neurological disorders. Recent studies indicate that glutamate toxicity may involve the c-Jun amino-terminal kinase (JNK) group of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases. One member of...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Yang DD,Kuan CY,Whitmarsh AJ,Rincón M,Zheng TS,Davis RJ,Rakic P,Flavell RA

更新日期：1997-10-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT/A) belongs to the most dangerous class of bioweapons. Despite this, BoNT/A is used to treat a wide range of common medical conditions such as migraines and a variety of ocular motility and movement disorders. BoNT/A is probably best known for its use as an antiwrinkle agent in cosmetic app...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Benoit RM,Frey D,Hilbert M,Kevenaar JT,Wieser MM,Stirnimann CU,McMillan D,Ceska T,Lebon F,Jaussi R,Steinmetz MO,Schertler GF,Hoogenraad CC,Capitani G,Kammerer RA

更新日期：2014-01-02 00:00:00

abstract：:The classical view of fast chemical synaptic transmission is that released neurotransmitter acts locally on postsynaptic receptors and is cleared from the synaptic cleft within a few milliseconds by diffusion and by specific reuptake mechanisms. This rapid clearance restricts the spread of neurotransmitter and, combin...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Scanziani M,Salin PA,Vogt KE,Malenka RC,Nicoll RA

更新日期：1997-02-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Type II topoisomerases help regulate DNA topology during transcription, replication and recombination by catalysing DNA strand transfer through transient double-stranded breaks. All type II topoisomerases described so far are members of a single protein family. We have cloned and sequenced the genes encoding the A and...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Bergerat A,de Massy B,Gadelle D,Varoutas PC,Nicolas A,Forterre P

更新日期：1997-03-27 00:00:00

abstract：:T-cell lines established from individuals infected with human T-cell leukaemia virus (HTLV) or generated by co-cultivation of normal human T cells with HTLV-infected T-cells, express class II (HLA-D/DR or Ia) antigens of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptors. Because the express...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Suciu-Foca N,Rubinstein P,Popovic M,Gallo RC,King DW

更新日期：1984-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:CD95 (also called Fas and APO-1) is a prototypical death receptor that regulates tissue homeostasis mainly in the immune system through the induction of apoptosis. During cancer progression CD95 is frequently downregulated or cells are rendered apoptosis resistant, raising the possibility that loss of CD95 is part of ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Chen L,Park SM,Tumanov AV,Hau A,Sawada K,Feig C,Turner JR,Fu YX,Romero IL,Lengyel E,Peter ME

更新日期：2010-05-27 00:00:00

abstract：:The sense of smell is highly evolved in mammals, allowing discrimination between a vast number of odorants, with detection thresholds as low as 10(-17) M (ref. 1). Although several features of mammalian olfactory transduction have been revealed by biochemical and molecular biological studies, the odorant-induced membr...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Lowe G,Gold GH

更新日期：1993-11-18 00:00:00

abstract：:The biosynthesis of several protein cofactors is subject to feedback regulation by riboswitches. Flavin mononucleotide (FMN)-specific riboswitches, also known as RFN elements, direct expression of bacterial genes involved in the biosynthesis and transport of riboflavin (vitamin B(2)) and related compounds. Here we pre...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Serganov A,Huang L,Patel DJ

更新日期：2009-03-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Height is a highly heritable, classic polygenic trait with approximately 700 common associated variants identified through genome-wide association studies so far. Here, we report 83 height-associated coding variants with lower minor-allele frequencies (in the range of 0.1-4.8%) and effects of up to 2 centimetres per a...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Marouli E,Graff M,Medina-Gomez C,Lo KS,Wood AR,Kjaer TR,Fine RS,Lu Y,Schurmann C,Highland HM,Rüeger S,Thorleifsson G,Justice AE,Lamparter D,Stirrups KE,Turcot V,Young KL,Winkler TW,Esko T,Karaderi T,Locke AE,Mas

更新日期：2017-02-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Lecithin is a major structural component of biological membranes. Because of their amphipathic nature, lecithin and related phospholipids tend to aggregate as bilayer structures in which the hydrophilic head groups are orientated towards the surface and the hydrophobic hydrocarbon chains towards the interior. A detail...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Pearson RH,Pascher I

更新日期：1979-10-11 00:00:00

abstract：:The fundamental properties of neutron stars provide a direct test of the equation of state of cold nuclear matter, a relationship between pressure and density that is determined by the physics of the strong interactions between the particles that constitute the star. The most straightforward method of determining thes...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Cottam J,Paerels F,Mendez M

更新日期：2002-11-07 00:00:00

abstract：:During embryonic development, orderly patterns of gene expression eventually assign each cell in the embryo its particular fate. For the anteroposterior axis of the Drosophila embryo, the first step in this process depends on a spatial gradient of the maternal morphogen Bicoid (Bcd). Positional information of this gra...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Houchmandzadeh B,Wieschaus E,Leibler S

更新日期：2002-02-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Systems governed by time reversible equations of motion often give rise to irreversible behaviour. The transition from reversible to irreversible behaviour is fundamental to statistical physics, but has not been observed experimentally in many-body systems. The flow of a newtonian fluid at low Reynolds number can be r...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Pine DJ,Gollub JP,Brady JF,Leshansky AM

更新日期：2005-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Blood production is ensured by rare, self-renewing haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). How HSCs accommodate the diverse cellular stresses associated with their life-long activity remains elusive. Here we identify autophagy as an essential mechanism protecting HSCs from metabolic stress. We show that mouse HSCs, in contr...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Warr MR,Binnewies M,Flach J,Reynaud D,Garg T,Malhotra R,Debnath J,Passegué E

更新日期：2013-02-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Neural mechanisms that mediate the ability to make value-guided decisions have received substantial attention in humans and animals1-6. Experiments in animals typically involve long training periods. By contrast, choices in the real world often need to be made between new options spontaneously. It is therefore possibl...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Bongioanni A,Folloni D,Verhagen L,Sallet J,Klein-Flügge MC,Rushworth MFS

更新日期：2021-01-06 00:00:00

abstract：:An extensive repertoire of modifications is known to underlie the versatile coding, structural and catalytic functions of RNA, but it remains largely uncharted territory. Although biochemical studies indicate that N(6)-methyladenosine (m(6)A) is the most prevalent internal modification in messenger RNA, an in-depth st...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Dominissini D,Moshitch-Moshkovitz S,Schwartz S,Salmon-Divon M,Ungar L,Osenberg S,Cesarkas K,Jacob-Hirsch J,Amariglio N,Kupiec M,Sorek R,Rechavi G

更新日期：2012-04-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Substitutions of single glycine residues of alpha 1(I) collagen have previously been associated with the inherited disease osteogenesis imperfecta type II. Transgenic mice bearing a mutant alpha 1(I) collagen gene into which specific glycine substitutions have been engineered show a dominant lethal phenotype character...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Stacey A,Bateman J,Choi T,Mascara T,Cole W,Jaenisch R

更新日期：1988-03-10 00:00:00

abstract：:A conserved heterotrimeric membrane protein complex, the Sec61 or SecY complex, forms a protein-conducting channel, allowing polypeptides to be transferred across or integrated into membranes. We report the crystal structure of the complex from Methanococcus jannaschii at a resolution of 3.2 A. The structure suggests ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Van den Berg B,Clemons WM Jr,Collinson I,Modis Y,Hartmann E,Harrison SC,Rapoport TA

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sex is expensive. A population of females that reproduce asexually should prima facie have twice the growth rate of an otherwise equivalent anisogamous sexual population lacking paternal care, or a population with modes of paternal care that can be co-opted by parthenogenetic females. The two leading theories for the ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Siller S,Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, UK. steven.siller@zoo.ox.ac.uk.

更新日期：2001-06-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Calcification of the aortic valve is the third leading cause of heart disease in adults. The incidence increases with age, and it is often associated with a bicuspid aortic valve present in 1-2% of the population. Despite the frequency, neither the mechanisms of valve calcification nor the developmental origin of a tw...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Garg V,Muth AN,Ransom JF,Schluterman MK,Barnes R,King IN,Grossfeld PD,Srivastava D

更新日期：2005-09-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Soft machines are a promising design paradigm for human-centric devices1,2 and systems required to interact gently with their environment3,4. To enable soft machines to respond intelligently to their surroundings, compliant sensory feedback mechanisms are needed. Specifically, soft alternatives to strain gauges-with h...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Araromi OA,Graule MA,Dorsey KL,Castellanos S,Foster JR,Hsu WH,Passy AE,Vlassak JJ,Weaver JC,Walsh CJ,Wood RJ

更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The glutamate dehydrogenase gene of Escherichia coli has been cloned into broad host-range plasmids and can complement glutamate synthase mutants of Methylophilus methylotrophus. Assimilation of ammonia via glutamate dehydrogenase is more energy-efficient than via glutamate synthase, thus the recombinant organism conv...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Windass JD,Worsey MJ,Pioli EM,Pioli D,Barth PT,Atherton KT,Dart EC,Byrom D,Powell K,Senior PJ

更新日期：1980-10-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Several microorganisms, including Yersinia sp., Salmonella sp., Brucella sp., Mycobacterium sp. and Leishmania sp., have successfully adapted to grow within macrophage phagolysosomes. Infections caused by these intracellular pathogens are among the most difficult to treat. As part of an antimicrobial strategy directed...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Pollack C,Straley SC,Klempner MS

更新日期：1986-08-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The question of whether nicotine, the neuroactive compound of tobacco, is addictive has been open to considerable scientific and public discussion. Although it can serve as a positive reinforcer in several animal species, including man, nicotine is thought to be a weak reinforcer in comparison with addictive drugs suc...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Pontieri FE,Tanda G,Orzi F,Di Chiara G

更新日期：1996-07-18 00:00:00

abstract：:The development of new chemical transformations based on catalytic functionalization of unactivated C-H bonds has the potential to simplify the synthesis of complex molecules dramatically. Transition metal catalysis has emerged as a powerful tool with which to convert these unreactive bonds into carbon-carbon and carb...

journal_title：Nature

authors： McNally A,Haffemayer B,Collins BS,Gaunt MJ

更新日期：2014-06-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Many precious, 'iron-loving' metals, such as gold, are surprisingly abundant in the accessible parts of the Earth, given the efficiency with which core formation should have removed them to the planet's deep interior. One explanation of their over-abundance is a 'late veneer'--a flux of meteorites added to the Earth a...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Willbold M,Elliott T,Moorbath S

更新日期：2011-09-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Crystal structures of insulin have been determined in various distinct forms, the relevance of which to receptor recognition has long been the subject of speculation. Recently the crystal structure of an inactive insulin analogue has been determined and, surprisingly, found to have a conformation identical to native i...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Hua QX,Shoelson SE,Kochoyan M,Weiss MA

更新日期：1991-11-21 00:00:00

abstract：:During development, neuronal survival is regulated by the limited availability of neurotrophins, which are proteins of the nerve growth factor (NGF) family. Activation of specific trk tyrosine kinase receptors by the neurotrophins blocks programmed cell death. The trkA-specific ligand NGF has also been shown to activa...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Frade JM,Rodríguez-Tébar A,Barde YA

更新日期：1996-09-12 00:00:00