Abstract:
:Mitochondria, organelles specialized in energy conservation reactions in eukaryotic cells, have evolved from eubacteria-like endosymbionts whose closest known relatives are the rickettsial group of alpha-proteobacteria. Because characterized mitochondrial genomes vary markedly in structure, it has been impossible to infer from them the initial form of the proto-mitochondrial genome. This would require the identification of minimally derived mitochondrial DNAs that better reflect the ancestral state. Here we describe such a primitive mitochondrial genome, in the freshwater protozoon Reclinomonas americana. This protist displays ultrastructural characteristics that ally it with the retortamonads, a protozoan group that lacks mitochondria. R. americana mtDNA (69,034 base pairs) contains the largest collection of genes (97) so far identified in any mtDNA, including genes for 5S ribosomal RNA, the RNA component of RNase P, and at least 18 proteins not previously known to be encoded in mitochondria. Most surprising are four genes specifying a multisubunit, eubacterial-type RNA polymerase. Features of gene content together with eubacterial characteristics of genome organization and expression not found before in mitochondrial genomes indicate that R. americana mtDNA more closely resembles the ancestral proto-mitochondrial genome than any other mtDNA investigated to date.
journal_name
Naturejournal_title
Natureauthors
Lang BF,Burger G,O'Kelly CJ,Cedergren R,Golding GB,Lemieux C,Sankoff D,Turmel M,Gray MWdoi
10.1038/387493a0subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1997-05-29 00:00:00pages
493-7issue
6632eissn
0028-0836issn
1476-4687journal_volume
387pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
NATURE文献大全abstract::Histoplasma capsulatum, like many other fungal pathogens, is dimorphic: it exists as mycelia in the soil and yeast in animal hosts. Because only the yeast phase is parasitic, factors which affect morphogenesis have been of interest for understanding and controlling pathogenicity. In culture, the mycelial to yeast tran...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/303806a0
更新日期:1983-06-30 00:00:00
abstract::Outbreaks of haemorrhagic fever caused by the Ebola virus are associated with high mortality rates that are a distinguishing feature of this human pathogen. The highest lethality is associated with the Zaire subtype, one of four strains identified to date. Its rapid progression allows little opportunity to develop nat...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/35046108
更新日期:2000-11-30 00:00:00
abstract::Glycogen synthase kinase-3beta (GSK-3beta) has integral roles in a variety of biological processes, including development, diabetes, and the progression of Alzheimer's disease. As such, a thorough understanding of GSK-3beta function will have a broad impact on human biology and therapeutics. Because GSK-3beta interact...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature05557
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::With only a few exceptions that are well understood, conventional superconductivity does not coexist with long-range magnetic order (for example, ref. 1). Unconventional superconductivity, on the other hand, develops near a phase boundary separating magnetically ordered and magnetically disordered phases. A maximum in...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature04571
更新日期:2006-03-02 00:00:00
abstract::The subsidence history of the Bahamian Platform points to a non-uniform rate of sea-floor spreading since the beginning of the Cretaceous. Lower Cretaceous rates of perhaps 5 cm/yr led to an active trench system at the boundary between the American and Caribbean lithosphere plates, and the rapid subsidence of the cont...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/2251226a0
更新日期:1970-03-28 00:00:00
abstract::The four-chambered mammalian heart develops from two fields of cardiac progenitor cells distinguished by their spatiotemporal patterns of differentiation and contributions to the definitive heart. The first heart field differentiates earlier in lateral plate mesoderm, generates the linear heart tube and ultimately giv...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature10094
更新日期:2011-05-29 00:00:00
abstract::Schistosoma japonicum is a parasitic flatworm that causes human schistosomiasis, which is a significant cause of morbidity in China and the Philippines. Here we present a draft genomic sequence for the worm. The genome provides a global insight into the molecular architecture and host interaction of this complex metaz...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature08140
更新日期:2009-07-16 00:00:00
abstract::A fundamental challenge to our understanding of biodiversity is to explain why some groups of species undergo adaptive radiations, diversifying extensively into many and varied species, whereas others do not. Both extrinsic environmental factors (for example, resource availability, climate) and intrinsic lineage-speci...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature11144
更新日期:2012-07-19 00:00:00
abstract::The function of the Xenopus laevis ribosomal spacer has been studied in vivo and by microinjection of in vitro mutants into Xenopus oocytes. It is shown that the spacer directs specific RNA transcripts which most probably terminate upstream of the ribosomal genes and that it is able to modulate transcription of these ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/302223a0
更新日期:1983-03-17 00:00:00
abstract::The type III secretion (T3S) injectisome is a specialized protein nanomachine that is critical for the pathogenicity of many Gram-negative bacteria, including purveyors of plague, typhoid fever, whooping cough, sexually transmitted infections and major nosocomial infections. This syringe-shaped 3.5-MDa macromolecular ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature20576
更新日期:2016-12-22 00:00:00
abstract::Nature's high-performance polymer, spider silk, consists of specific proteins, spidroins, with repetitive segments flanked by conserved non-repetitive domains. Spidroins are stored as a highly concentrated fluid dope. On silk formation, intermolecular interactions between repeat regions are established that provide st...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature08962
更新日期:2010-05-13 00:00:00
abstract::Many voltage-dependent K+ channels open when the membrane is depolarized and then rapidly close by a process called inactivation. Neurons use inactivating K+ channels to modulate their firing frequency. In Shaker-type K+ channels, the inactivation gate, which is responsible for the closing of the channel, is formed by...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/35079500
更新日期:2001-06-07 00:00:00
abstract::The theory of quantum electrodynamics (QED) predicts that beta decay of the neutron into a proton, electron and antineutrino should be accompanied by a continuous spectrum of soft photons. While this inner bremsstrahlung branch has been previously measured in nuclear beta and electron capture decay, it has never been ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature05390
更新日期:2006-12-21 00:00:00
abstract::Nanofabrication strategies are becoming increasingly expensive and equipment-intensive, and consequently less accessible to researchers. As an alternative, scanning probe lithography has become a popular means of preparing nanoscale structures, in part owing to its relatively low cost and high resolution, and a regist...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature09697
更新日期:2011-01-27 00:00:00
abstract::Idiotypic networks regulate the immune response to a variety of antigens. Antibodies generated against other antibodies, called anti-idiotypic antibodies, can themselves mimic antigen and elicit a specific immune response. They have been shown to induce delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) to model antigens in the mous...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/303627a0
更新日期:1983-06-16 00:00:00
abstract::Double-walled carbon nanotubes are needed in a pure, highly crystalline form before features such as their electronic properties, thermal transport and mechanical behaviour can be investigated. Here we fabricate a paper-like material that consists of hexagonally packed bundles of clean, coaxial carbon nanotubes whose ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/433476a
更新日期:2005-02-03 00:00:00
abstract::Recent studies have suggested a critical role of specific gene loss in several embryonic tumours and certain adult cancers. In retinoblastoma, hemizygosity or homozygosity of a recessive mutant allele results in the loss of normal gene product, and this seems to cause the manifestation of the disorder. Familial polypo...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/331273a0
更新日期:1988-01-21 00:00:00
abstract::Cpdm (chronic proliferative dermatitis) mice develop chronic dermatitis and an immunodeficiency with increased serum IgM, symptoms that resemble those of patients with X-linked hyper-IgM syndrome and hypohydrotic ectodermal dysplasia (XHM-ED), which is caused by mutations in NEMO (NF-κB essential modulator; also known...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature09815
更新日期:2011-03-31 00:00:00
abstract::Acetaldehyde is a highly reactive, DNA-damaging metabolite that is produced upon alcohol consumption1. Impaired detoxification of acetaldehyde is common in the Asian population, and is associated with alcohol-related cancers1,2. Cells are protected against acetaldehyde-induced damage by DNA crosslink repair, which whe...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2059-5
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Drosophila mutants transformed with a chimaeric gene that expresses the ocellar visual pigment in the major class of photoreceptor cells of the retina were used to investigate the properties of this minor pigment. The photoreceptor cells in which this opsin was misexpressed showed new spectral characteristics and phys...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/333737a0
更新日期:1988-06-23 00:00:00
abstract::Human cooperation in social dilemmas challenges researchers from various disciplines. Here we combine advances in experimental economics and evolutionary biology that separately have shown that costly punishment and reputation formation, respectively, induce cooperation in social dilemmas. The mechanisms of punishment...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature05229
更新日期:2006-12-07 00:00:00
abstract::The first zygotic genes to be expressed during early Drosophila development are the gap genes. Their role is to read and interpret coarse positional information deposited in the egg by the mother and to refine it by cross-regulatory interactions and by controlling a class of pair-rule genes. Little is known about the ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/341335a0
更新日期:1989-09-28 00:00:00
abstract::Supramolecular soft crystals are periodic structures that are formed by the hierarchical assembly of complex constituents, and occur in a broad variety of 'soft-matter' systems1. Such soft crystals exhibit many of the basic features (such as three-dimensional lattices and space groups) and properties (such as band str...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1706-1
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Milankovitch proposed that summer insolation at mid-latitudes in the Northern Hemisphere directly causes the ice-age climate cycles. This would imply that times of ice-sheet collapse should correspond to peaks in Northern Hemisphere June insolation. But the penultimate deglaciation has proved controversial because Jun...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/35003541
更新日期:2000-03-02 00:00:00
abstract::Insulin stimulates glucose uptake in muscle and adipocytes by signalling the translocation of GLUT4 glucose transporters from intracellular membranes to the cell surface. The translocation of GLUT4 may involve signalling pathways that are both independent of and dependent on phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase (PI(3)K). ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature01246
更新日期:2002-12-19 00:00:00
abstract::Gene targeting in mouse embryo-derived stem cells has been used to disrupt the homeobox gene hox-1.5. Mice heterozygous at the hox-1.5 locus appear normal, whereas hox-1.5-/hox-1.5- mice die at or shortly after birth. These homozygotes are athymic, aparathyroid, have reduced thyroid and submaxillary tissue and exhibit...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/350473a0
更新日期:1991-04-11 00:00:00
abstract::The cosmic radio-frequency spectrum is expected to show a strong absorption signal corresponding to the 21-centimetre-wavelength transition of atomic hydrogen around redshift 20, which arises from Lyman-α radiation from some of the earliest stars. By observing this 21-centimetre signal-either its sky-averaged spectrum...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature25791
更新日期:2018-02-28 00:00:00
abstract::IN 1969, Murozumi et al.1 demonstrated that the concentration of lead in Greenland snow had increased by a factor of 200 since ancient times, and concluded that most of this increase was a result of the use of alkyl-leaded petrol. Partly because of these findings, the United States and other western countries limited ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/362333a0
更新日期:1993-03-25 00:00:00
abstract::The medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) is part of the brain's circuit for dynamic representation of self-location. The metric of this representation is provided by grid cells, cells with spatial firing fields that tile environments in a periodic hexagonal pattern. Limited anatomical sampling has obscured whether the grid ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature11649
更新日期:2012-12-06 00:00:00
abstract::In this Letter, the received date should have been 23 March 2017 instead of 13 April 2018. Authors R.M.K. and O.D.K. were incorrectly denoted as 'equally contributing' authors. The labels for 'control' and 'IFNγ' in Extended Data Fig. 4g were reversed. These have been corrected online. ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章,已发布勘误
doi:10.1038/s41586-018-0370-1
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00