Conformation of sister chromatids in the replicated human genome.

abstract：:Microbialites, including biogenic stromatolites, thrombolites and dendrolites, were formed by various microbial mats that trapped and bound sediments or formed the locus of mineral precipitation. Microbialites were common and diverse during the Proterozoic, but declined in abundance and morphological diversity when mu...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Sheehan PM,Harris MT

更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Galactic cosmic rays (CRs) are widely believed to be accelerated by shock waves associated with the expansion of supernova ejecta into the interstellar medium. A key issue in this long-standing conjecture is a theoretical prediction that the interstellar magnetic field can be substantially amplified at the shock of a ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Uchiyama Y,Aharonian FA,Tanaka T,Takahashi T,Maeda Y

更新日期：2007-10-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Warming surface temperatures have driven a substantial reduction in the extent and duration of Northern Hemisphere snow cover1-3. These changes in snow cover affect Earth's climate system via the surface energy budget, and influence freshwater resources across a large proportion of the Northern Hemisphere4-6. In contr...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Pulliainen J,Luojus K,Derksen C,Mudryk L,Lemmetyinen J,Salminen M,Ikonen J,Takala M,Cohen J,Smolander T,Norberg J

更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Primitive chondritic meteorites contain material (presolar grains), at the level of a few parts per million, that predates the formation of our Solar System. Astronomical observations and the chemical composition of the Sun both suggest that silicates must have been the dominant solids in the protoplanetary disk from ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Nagashima K,Krot AN,Yurimoto H

更新日期：2004-04-29 00:00:00

abstract：:In the cores of some clusters of galaxies the hot intracluster plasma is dense enough that it should cool radiatively in the cluster's lifetime, leading to continuous 'cooling flows' of gas sinking towards the cluster centre, yet no such cooling flow has been observed. The low observed star-formation rates and cool ga...

journal_title：Nature

authors： McDonald M,Bayliss M,Benson BA,Foley RJ,Ruel J,Sullivan P,Veilleux S,Aird KA,Ashby ML,Bautz M,Bazin G,Bleem LE,Brodwin M,Carlstrom JE,Chang CL,Cho HM,Clocchiatti A,Crawford TM,Crites AT,de Haan T,Desai S,Dobbs M

更新日期：2012-08-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Substitutions of single glycine residues of alpha 1(I) collagen have previously been associated with the inherited disease osteogenesis imperfecta type II. Transgenic mice bearing a mutant alpha 1(I) collagen gene into which specific glycine substitutions have been engineered show a dominant lethal phenotype character...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Stacey A,Bateman J,Choi T,Mascara T,Cole W,Jaenisch R

更新日期：1988-03-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Nerve growth factor (NGF) activity was not detected by bioassay in irides killed immediately after excision but NGF appeared within 24 h in living irides placed in culture or grafted to a host eye. Furthermore, sensory and, although less effective, sympathetic denervation of irides in situ led within 10 days to the ap...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ebendal T,Olson L,Seiger A,Hedlund KO

更新日期：1980-07-03 00:00:00

abstract：:The growth of plants depends on continuous function of the meristems. Shoot meristems are responsible for all the post-embryonic aerial organs, such as leaves, stems and flowers. It has been assumed that the phytohormone cytokinin has a positive role in shoot meristem function. A severe reduction in the size of merist...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Kurakawa T,Ueda N,Maekawa M,Kobayashi K,Kojima M,Nagato Y,Sakakibara H,Kyozuka J

更新日期：2007-02-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Oocytes arrested in the G2 phase of the cell cycle contain a p34cdc2/cyclin B complex which is kept in an inactive form by phosphorylation of its p34cdc2 subunit on tyrosine, threonine and perhaps serine residues. The phosphatase(s) involved in p34cdc2 dephosphorylation is unknown, but the product of the fission yeast...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Strausfeld U,Labbé JC,Fesquet D,Cavadore JC,Picard A,Sadhu K,Russell P,Dorée M

更新日期：1991-05-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Adult neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus is highly regulated by environmental influences, and functionally implicated in behavioural responses to stress and antidepressants1-4. However, how adult-born neurons regulate dentate gyrus information processing to protect from stress-induced anxiety-like be...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Anacker C,Luna VM,Stevens GS,Millette A,Shores R,Jimenez JC,Chen B,Hen R

更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:One way of accounting for lowered atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations during Pleistocene glacial periods is by invoking the Antarctic stratification hypothesis, which links the reduction in CO2 to greater stratification of ocean surface waters around Antarctica. As discussed by Sigman and Boyle, this hypothesis ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Keeling RF,Visbeck M

更新日期：2001-08-09 00:00:00

abstract：:The solar wind blows outward from the Sun and forms a bubble of solar material in the interstellar medium. The termination shock occurs where the solar wind changes from being supersonic (with respect to the surrounding interstellar medium) to being subsonic. The shock was crossed by Voyager 1 at a heliocentric radius...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Richardson JD,Kasper JC,Wang C,Belcher JW,Lazarus AJ

更新日期：2008-07-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Human T-cell receptors for antigen and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) determinants have now been defined on inducer, suppressor, and class 1 and class 2 MHC-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes as T3-associated clonotypic molecules (Ti) of relative molecular mass 90,000 (90K) composed of one 49-54K alpha- and one ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Fabbi M,Acuto O,Smart JE,Reinherz EL

更新日期：1984-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Betelgeuse, a nearby red supergiant, is a fast-moving star with a powerful stellar wind that drives a bow shock into its surroundings. This picture has been challenged by the discovery of a dense and almost static shell that is three times closer to the star than the bow shock and has been decelerated by some external...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Mackey J,Mohamed S,Gvaramadze VV,Kotak R,Langer N,Meyer DM,Moriya TJ,Neilson HR

更新日期：2014-08-21 00:00:00

abstract：:High mobility group 1 (HMGB1) protein is both a nuclear factor and a secreted protein. In the cell nucleus it acts as an architectural chromatin-binding factor that bends DNA and promotes protein assembly on specific DNA targets. Outside the cell, it binds with high affinity to RAGE (the receptor for advanced glycatio...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Scaffidi P,Misteli T,Bianchi ME

更新日期：2002-07-11 00:00:00

abstract：:The Earth's equatorial stratosphere shows oscillations in which the east-west winds reverse direction and the temperatures change cyclically with a period of about two years. This phenomenon, called the quasi-biennial oscillation, also affects the dynamics of the mid- and high-latitude stratosphere and weather in the ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Flasar FM,Kunde VG,Achterberg RK,Conrath BJ,Simon-Miller AA,Nixon CA,Gierasch PJ,Romani PN,Bézard B,Irwin P,Bjoraker GL,Brasunas JC,Jennings DE,Pearl JC,Smith MD,Orton GS,Spilker LJ,Carlson R,Calcutt SB,Read PL,Ta

更新日期：2004-01-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Genetic-environmental interactions probably underlie spontaneous human autoimmune disorders, a category of complex traits thought to include multiple sclerosis (MS). The geographical distribution and familial aggregation of this disease have often been ascribed to the role of infectious agents, but there is no consens...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ebers GC,Sadovnick AD,Risch NJ

更新日期：1995-09-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The chemical composition of basaltic magma erupted at the Earth's surface is the end product of a complex series of processes, beginning with partial melting and melt extraction from a mantle source and ending with fractional crystallization and crustal assimilation at lower pressures. It has been proposed that studyi...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Spandler C,O'Neill HS,Kamenetsky VS

更新日期：2007-05-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Concentrating urine is mandatory for most mammals to prevent water loss from the body. Concentrated urine is produced in response to vasopressin by the transepithelial recovery of water from the lumen of the kidney collecting tubule through highly water-permeable membranes. In this nephron segment, vasopressin regulat...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Fushimi K,Uchida S,Hara Y,Hirata Y,Marumo F,Sasaki S

更新日期：1993-02-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Inherited genetic variation has a critical but as yet largely uncharacterized role in human disease. Here we report a public database of common variation in the human genome: more than one million single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for which accurate and complete genotypes have been obtained in 269 DNA samples fro...

journal_title：Nature

authors： International HapMap Consortium.

更新日期：2005-10-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Global patterns of species richness and their structuring forces have fascinated biologists since Darwin and provide critical context for contemporary studies in ecology, evolution and conservation. Anthropogenic impacts and the need for systematic conservation planning have further motivated the analysis of diversity...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Tittensor DP,Mora C,Jetz W,Lotze HK,Ricard D,Berghe EV,Worm B

更新日期：2010-08-26 00:00:00

abstract：:The ability to repair or promote regeneration within the adult human brain has been envisioned for decades. Until recently, such efforts mainly involved delivery of growth factors and cell transplants designed to rescue or replace a specific population of neurons, and the results have largely been disappointing. New a...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Barker RA,Götz M,Parmar M

更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:FokI is a member of an unusual class of bipartite restriction enzymes that recognize a specific DNA sequence and cleave DNA nonspecifically a short distance away from that sequence. Because of its unusual bipartite nature, FokI has been used to create artificial enzymes with new specificities. We have determined the c...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Wah DA,Hirsch JA,Dorner LF,Schildkraut I,Aggarwal AK

更新日期：1997-07-03 00:00:00

abstract：:The ATM (ataxia-telangiectasia mutated) protein kinase mediates early cellular responses to DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) generated during metabolic processes or by DNA-damaging agents. ATM deficiency leads to ataxia-telangiectasia, a disease marked by lymphopenia, genomic instability and an increased predisposition...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Bredemeyer AL,Sharma GG,Huang CY,Helmink BA,Walker LM,Khor KC,Nuskey B,Sullivan KE,Pandita TK,Bassing CH,Sleckman BP

更新日期：2006-07-27 00:00:00

abstract：:The peptide GsMTx4, isolated from the venom of the tarantula Grammostola spatulata, is a selective inhibitor of stretch-activated cation channels (SACs). The mechanism of inhibition remains unknown; but both GsMTx4 and its enantiomer, enGsMTx4, modify the gating of SACs, thus violating a trademark of the traditional l...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Suchyna TM,Tape SE,Koeppe RE 2nd,Andersen OS,Sachs F,Gottlieb PA

更新日期：2004-07-08 00:00:00

abstract：:In the adult brain, new synapses are formed and pre-existing ones are lost, but the function of this structural plasticity has remained unclear. Learning of new skills is correlated with formation of new synapses. These may directly encode new memories, but they may also have more general roles in memory encoding and ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ruediger S,Vittori C,Bednarek E,Genoud C,Strata P,Sacchetti B,Caroni P

更新日期：2011-05-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Molluscs (snails, octopuses, clams and their relatives) have a great disparity of body plans and, among the animals, only arthropods surpass them in species number. This diversity has made Mollusca one of the best-studied groups of animals, yet their evolutionary relationships remain poorly resolved. Open questions ha...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Smith SA,Wilson NG,Goetz FE,Feehery C,Andrade SC,Rouse GW,Giribet G,Dunn CW

更新日期：2011-10-26 00:00:00

abstract：:The factor for inversion stimulation, FIS, is involved in several cellular processes, including site-specific recombination and transcriptional activation. In the reactions catalysed by the DNA invertases Gin, Hin and Cin, FIS stimulates recombination by binding to an enhancer sequence. Within the enhancer, two FIS di...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Kostrewa D,Granzin J,Koch C,Choe HW,Raghunathan S,Wolf W,Labahn J,Kahmann R,Saenger W

更新日期：1991-01-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Trypanosomes of the species Trypanosoma brucei reproduce primarily by binary fission, but the frequency of enzyme electrophoretic variants in natural populations of T. brucei has provided indirect evidence for the existence of a sexual cycle. These studies, coupled with studies of restriction fragment length polymorph...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Jenni L,Marti S,Schweizer J,Betschart B,Le Page RW,Wells JM,Tait A,Paindavoine P,Pays E,Steinert M

更新日期：1986-07-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules are highly polymorphic cell-surface glycoproteins that present antigenic peptides to CD4+ T lymphocytes. The normal assembly of class II molecules with cognate peptides for antigen presentation requires an accessory function provided by a gene mapping to the cl...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Fling SP,Arp B,Pious D

更新日期：1994-04-07 00:00:00