Abstract:
:Fluctuations in osmolarity are one of the most prevalent stresses to which bacteria must adapt, both hypo- and hyperosmotic conditions. Most bacteria cope with high osmolarity by accumulating compatible solutes (osmolytes) in the cytoplasm to maintain the turgor pressure of the cell. Vibrio parahaemolyticus, a halophile, utilizes at least six compatible solute transporters for the uptake of osmolytes: two ABC family ProU transporters and four betaine-carnitine-choline transporter (BCCT) family transporters. The full range of compatible solutes transported by this species has yet to be determined. Using an osmolyte phenotypic microarray plate for growth analyses, we expanded the known osmolytes used by V. parahaemolyticus to include N,N-dimethylglycine (DMG), among others. Growth pattern analysis of four triple-bccT mutants, possessing only one functional BCCT, indicated that BccT1 (VP1456), BccT2 (VP1723), and BccT3 (VP1905) transported DMG. BccT1 was unusual in that it could take up both compounds with methylated head groups (glycine betaine [GB], choline, and DMG) and cyclic compounds (ectoine and proline). Bioinformatics analysis identified the four coordinating amino acid residues for GB in the BccT1 protein. In silico modeling analysis demonstrated that GB, DMG, and ectoine docked in the same binding pocket in BccT1. Using site-directed mutagenesis, we showed that a strain with all four residues mutated resulted in the loss of uptake of GB, DMG, and ectoine. We showed that three of the four residues were essential for ectoine uptake, whereas only one of the residues was important for GB uptake. Overall, we have demonstrated that DMG is a highly effective compatible solute for Vibrio species and have elucidated the amino acid residues in BccT1 that are important for the coordination of GB, DMG, and ectoine transport.IMPORTANCEVibrio parahaemolyticus possesses at least six osmolyte transporters, which allow the bacterium to adapt to high-salinity conditions. In this study, we identified several additional osmolytes that were utilized by V. parahaemolyticus We demonstrated that the compound DMG, which is present in the marine environment, was a highly effective osmolyte for Vibrio species. We determined that DMG is transported via BCCT family carriers, which have not been shown previously to take up this compound. BccT1 was a carrier for GB, DMG, and ectoine, and we identified the amino acid residues essential for the coordination of these compounds. The data suggest that for BccT1, GB is more easily accommodated than ectoine in the transporter binding pocket.
journal_name
J Bacterioljournal_title
Journal of bacteriologyauthors
Gregory GJ,Dutta A,Parashar V,Boyd EFdoi
10.1128/JB.00314-20subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-11-19 00:00:00issue
24eissn
0021-9193issn
1098-5530pii
JB.00314-20journal_volume
202pub_type
杂志文章abstract::During Bacillus subtilis sporulation, the transient engulfment defect of spoIIB strains is enhanced by spoVG null mutations and suppressed by spoVS null mutations. These mutations have opposite effects on expression of the motility regulon, as the spoVG mutation reduces and the spoVS mutation increases sigmaD-directed...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.188.3.1159-1164.2006
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Zierdt, C. H. (National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md.), and P. J. Schmidt. Dissociation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J. Bacteriol. 87:1003-1010. 1964.-Evidence is presented that dissociation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa occurs in vivo as well as in vitro, although it is suppressed in the blood stream. Of 116 primary ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.87.5.1003-1010.1964
更新日期:1964-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Willett, Norman P. (University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Kennett Square, Pa.), and Guy E. Morse. Long-chain fatty acid inhibition of growth of Streptococcus agalactiae in a chemically defined medium. J. Bacteriol. 91:2245-2250. 1966.-A chemically defined medium was developed for Streptococcus agal...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.91.6.2245-2250.1966
更新日期:1966-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::DNA uptake by natural competence is a central process underlying the genetic plasticity, biology, and virulence of the human respiratory opportunistic pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae A study reported in this issue (J. Slager, R. Aprianto, and J.-W. Veening, J. Bacteriol. 201:e00780-18, https://doi.org/10.1128/JB.007...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.00238-19
更新日期:2019-06-10 00:00:00
abstract::Two primary alcohols (1-butanol and ethanol) are major fermentation products of several clostridial species. In addition to these two alcohols, the secondary alcohol 2-propanol is produced to a concentration of about 100 mM by some strains of Clostridium beijerinckii. An alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) has been purified t...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.175.16.5097-5105.1993
更新日期:1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A mutant requiring isoleucine and valine for growth, because of the absence of acetolactate synthase activity, has been isolated. At least one of three different genes (ilvG, ilvB, ilvI) is required for the expression of acetolactate synthase activity, thus suggesting the presence of three different acetolactate synth...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.120.1.536-538.1974
更新日期:1974-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Conditions for continuous culture of Escherichia coli K-12 His- Thi- under glucose limitation were established. Both the capacity for respiration, at D greater than 0.2/h, and specific activity of superoxide dismutase increased as a function of specific growth rate, whereas peroxidase and catalase were either invarian...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.130.2.805-811.1977
更新日期:1977-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adjacent intein fragments fused to a Snf2/Rad54 helicase-related protein and Snf2/Rad54 helicase were reported for Deinococcus radiodurans R1, leading to the speculation that a frameshift was required for splicing or that trans splicing occurred. However, a type strain (ATCC 13939, RF18410) yielded a single protein th...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.184.22.6387-6388.2002
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Grixazone (GX), which is a diffusible yellow pigment containing a phenoxazinone chromophore, is one of the secondary metabolites under the control of A-factor (2-isocapryloyl-3R-hydroxymethyl-gamma-butyrolactone) in Streptomyces griseus. GX production is also induced by phosphate starvation. The whole biosynthesis gen...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.00055-07
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 11700 is able to use arginine and the diamine agmatine as a sole energy source. Via the highly homologous deiminase pathways, arginine and agmatine are converted into CO2, NH3, and the end products ornithine and putrescine, respectively. In the arginine deiminase pathway, uptake of arginine ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.170.10.4522-4527.1988
更新日期:1988-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Necrotic enteritis (NE) is an economically important disease of poultry caused by certain Clostridium perfringens type A strains. NE pathogenesis involves the NetB toxin, which is encoded on a large conjugative plasmid within a 42-kb pathogenicity locus. Recent multilocus sequence type (MLST) studies have identified t...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.01032-12
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Tat system, found in the cytoplasmic membrane of many bacteria, is a general export pathway for folded proteins. Here we describe the development of a method, based on the transport of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase, that allows positive selection of mutants defective in Tat function. We have demonstrated the u...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.187.8.2920-2925.2005
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The group A streptococcus (GAS), Streptococcus pyogenes, is an important human pathogen that causes infections ranging in severity from self-limiting pharyngitis to severe invasive diseases that are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The pathogenic effects of GAS are mediated by the expression of vir...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.00198-06
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The presence of plasmid gene cadB did not affect Cd2+ accumulation, whereas plasmid gene cadA reduced Cd2+ accumulation by whole cells but not by membrane vesicles. Membrane vesicle studies indicated that Cd2+ uptake occurred via the Mn2+ transport system which was energized by the membrane electrical potential. Mn2+ ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.150.2.973-976.1982
更新日期:1982-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper describes the major transmutations of donor deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) after uptake by competent Bacillus subtilis cells. Kinetic experiments confirm that after exposure to competent cells, donor DNA is converted to double-stranded fragments (DSF) which can be isolated as early as 30 s from the beginning o...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.116.1.154-162.1973
更新日期:1973-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A procedure for efficient transformation of Streptomyces ambofaciens and Streptomyces fradiae protoplasts with plasmid DNA was developed. Transformation frequencies with S. fradiae protoplasts were strongly influenced by the temperatures for cell growth, protoplast formation, and protoplast regeneration. Transformatio...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.163.1.180-185.1985
更新日期:1985-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We constructed mercury resistance operon-luciferase (mer-lux) transcriptional fusion plasmids to evaluate in vivo gene expression rates of the mer structural gene promoter (PTPCAD) of transposon Tn21. In vivo gene expression kinetics corresponded well with those previously determined in vitro, yielding an apparent K0....
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.174.24.8094-8101.1992
更新日期:1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We present experimental evidence for the existence of multiple activator-binding sites in the upstream sequence of the ompC promoter, the expression of which is activated by the positive regulator OmpR in response to the osmolarity of the medium. We also found that a single OmpR-binding site can activate the ompC prom...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.172.1.501-503.1990
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Das, S. K. (University of Calcutta, Calcutta, India) and G. C. Chatterjee. Pyrithiamine adaptation of Staphylococcus aureus. I. Adaptation and carbohydrate utilization. J. Bacteriol. 83:1251-1259. 1962.-Staphylococcus aureus has been adapted to pyrithiamine, a thiamine analogue; as a result of this adaptation, the col...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.83.6.1251-1259.1962
更新日期:1962-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Surgalla, M. J. (Fort Detrick, Frederick, Md.), A. W. Andrews, and C. L. Baugh. Effects of bicarbonate on growth of Pasteurella pestis. I. Differential response of virulent and avirulent cells. J. Bacteriol. 88:269-272. 1964.-Virulent Pasteurella pestis and the avirulent mutants always present in a virulent inoculum h...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.88.2.269-272.1964
更新日期:1964-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pathogenic bacterium Bacillus anthracis has become the subject of intense study as a result of its use in a bioterrorism attack in the United States in September and October 2001. Previous studies suggested that B. anthracis Ames Ancestor, the original Ames fully virulent plasmid-containing isolate, was the ideal ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.01347-08
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Temperature-resistant pseudorevertants of the temperature-sensitive Escherichia coli mutant KNS19, harboring a mutation in rplX, the gene for ribosomal protein L24, were isolated, cloned, and sequenced. The codon GAC for the amino acid Asp in the temperature-sensitive mutant corresponding to position 84 in the protein...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.169.10.4854-4856.1987
更新日期:1987-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Selenium is a constituent in Escherichia coli of the anaerobic enzyme formate dehydrogenase in the form of selenocysteine. Selenium is also present in the tRNA of E. coli in the modified base 5-methylaminomethyl-2-selenouracil (mnm5Se2U). The pathways of bacterial selenium metabolism are largely uncharacterized, and i...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.170.2.736-743.1988
更新日期:1988-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clostridium perfringens is an anaerobic Gram-positive pathogen that causes many human and animal diseases, including food poisoning and gas gangrene. C. perfringens lacks flagella but possesses type IV pili (TFP). We have previously shown that C. perfringens can glide across an agar surface in long filaments composed ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.01288-12
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The expression of the cyanobacterial recA gene, isolated from Anabaena variabilis, has been examined at the levels of transcript and protein abundance. Exposure of the cyanobacterium to a variety of DNA-damaging agents, including mitomycin C, methyl methanesulfonate, and UV irradiation, results in a rapid increase in ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.171.10.5713-5719.1989
更新日期:1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nε-lysine acetylation was recently discovered on many bacterial proteins that function in diverse cellular processes. Thus, many questions remain unanswered. For example, what mechanisms regulate lysine acetylation? Does acetylation affect physiology? To help answer these questions, we studied the Escherichia coli res...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.00383-13
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The interaction of Streptococcus pyogenes (group A streptococcus [GAS]) with its human host requires several surface proteins. In this study, we isolated mutations in a gene required for the surface localization of protein F by transposon mutagenesis of the M6 strain JRS4. This gene (srtA) encodes a protein homologous...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.184.8.2181-2191.2002
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The tdh promoter of Escherichia coli is induced seven- to eightfold when cells are grown in the presence of exogenous leucine. A scheme was devised to select mutants that exhibited high constitutive expression of the tdh promoter. The mutations in these strains were shown to lie within a previously identified gene (lr...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.173.19.5944-5953.1991
更新日期:1991-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The 2,760-base-pair (bp) PstI-EcoRI segment of the chromosome of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA103 which carries the exotoxin A structural gene was expressed from an internal promoter when cloned in a pUC9 derivative and transformed into a nontoxigenic mutant of P. aeruginosa PAO1. The unique terminal EcoRI site was delete...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.171.5.2599-2604.1989
更新日期:1989-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A lipopolysaccharide (LPS) has been isolated from the gram-negative photosynthetic bacterium Rhodopseudomonas capsulata. Chemical analysis revealed the presence of d-glucose, d-galactose, l-rhamnose, 3-O-methyl-l-rhamnose (l-acofriose), d-glucosamine, 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonate, and neuraminic acid. The LPS does not conta...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.109.3.1106-1113.1972
更新日期:1972-03-01 00:00:00