Abstract:
:Vero cytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli (VTEC) strains have been associated with sporadic cases and outbreaks of hemorrhagic colitis and with the hemolytic uremic syndrome in humans. Since adherence of enteric pathogens to epithelial surfaces is often a prerequisite for the subsequent delivery of bacterial enterotoxins and mucosal invasion, we evaluated intestinal adherence by 18 VTEC strains, which were of human origin and belonged to 10 distinct serotypes, 7 days after enteral challenge of rabbits. A total of 23 postweaning rabbits (body weight, 1 kg) were each fed 2 X 10(8) VTEC, and 5 rabbits were challenged with an equal number of fecal commensal E. coli strains as controls. Each rabbit was monitored daily for the development of diarrhea. At 7 days after infection the proximal jejunum, distal ileum, cecum, and proximal colon were removed from each rabbit and examined for the presence of adherent organisms under light microscopy, after Giemsa staining of Formalin-fixed secretions, and by transmission electron microscopy. Nonbloody diarrhea developed in 16 of 23 VTEC-infected rabbits in contrast to 0 of 5 infected with commensal E. coli strains (P less than 0.02). Organisms were adherent to surface epithelial cells in the ceca (20 of 23 rabbits), proximal colons (9 of 23), and distal ilea (6 of 23) of VTEC-infected rabbits. Intimate attaching and effacing binding of bacteria to intestinal epithelial cells, in regions where the normal microvillous membrane architecture had been disrupted, was observed under electron microscopy for VTEC of multiple serotypes. In contrast, no organisms were adherent to the jejuni. Adherence of organisms was not seen in any portion of the intestines of rabbits that were challenged with commensals. These findings indicate that multiple serotypes of VTEC demonstrate intimate attaching and effacing binding to rabbit enterocytes and colonocytes in vivo. In addition to bacterial binding in the ceca and colons, VTEC adhere to enterocytes in the distal small intestines of per orally infected postweaning rabbits.
journal_name
Infect Immunjournal_title
Infection and immunityauthors
Sherman P,Soni R,Karmali Mdoi
10.1128/IAI.56.4.756-761.1988subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1988-04-01 00:00:00pages
756-61issue
4eissn
0019-9567issn
1098-5522journal_volume
56pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Of 51 patients with herpes simplex labialis, 50 had detectable interferon (IFN) in samples of lesion vesicle fluid. The median titer of vesicle fluid IFN was 8,200 U. and the range of values was 400 to 63,600 U. The amount of vesicle fluid IFN was correlated with lesion age (r = 0.32, P = 0.024) and vesicle fluid viru...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.36.3.907-910.1982
更新日期:1982-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Borrelia burgdorferi produces a mitogen for murine B lymphocytes which can be measured in vitro by polyclonal stimulation of proliferation and immunoglobulin production (R. Schoenfeld, B. Araneo, Y. Ma, L. Yang, and J. J. Weis, Infect. Immun. 60:455-464, 1992). Sonicated B. burgdorferi cells also stimulated IL-6 produ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.60.8.3033-3041.1992
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In mammals, the natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 1 gene, Nramp1, plays a major role in resistance to mycobacterial infections. Chesapeake Bay striped bass (Morone saxatilis) is currently experiencing an epizootic of mycobacteriosis that threatens the health of this ecologically and economically importa...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.72.3.1626-1636.2004
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Apical membrane antigen 1 (AMA1) is expressed on the surfaces of Plasmodium falciparum merozoites and is thought to play an important role in the invasion of erythrocytes by malaria parasites. To select for peptides that mimic conformational B-cell epitopes on AMA1, we screened a phage display library of >10(8) indivi...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.72.2.1126-1134.2004
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The primary effector for Shigella invasion of epithelial cells is IpaC, which is secreted via a type III secretion system. We recently reported that the IpaC N terminus is required for type III secretion and possibly other functions. In this study, mutagenesis was used to identify an N-terminal secretion signal and to...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.71.3.1255-1264.2003
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study we have characterized the association of a polysaccharide-deficient, lipid-rich lipopolysaccharide (LPS) with rabbit erythrocytes (RaRBC). With polymyxin B sulfate-mediated hemolysis as a probe, we have shown that Salmonella minnesota R595 LPS interacts with RaRBC in two distinguishable steps. The first ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.43.2.600-606.1984
更新日期:1984-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The properties of two candidate Salmonella typhi-based live oral typhoid vaccine strains, BRD691 (S. typhi Ty2 harboring mutations in aroA and aroC) and BRD1116 (S. typhi Ty2 harboring mutations in aroA, aroC, and htrA), were compared in a number of in vitro and in vivo assays. BRD1116 exhibited an increased susceptib...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.67.2.700-707.1999
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cultured L929 cells infected with Rickettsia prowazekii had a greatly increased rate of hydrolysis of fatty acid from the oleic acid-radiolabeled phospholipids of the host cell membranes. The incorporation of fatty acid into phospholipid in an infected cell was only moderately inhibited relative to a mock-infected cel...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.57.1.36-40.1989
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The immunoprophylactic effect of chemically inactivated Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A in experimental pseudomonas infections was studied. Exotoxin A toxoids were prepared by Formalin (f-TXD) or glutaraldehyde (g-TXD) treatment. Immunization of mice with three or four doses (10 micrograms each) of f-TXD and the syn...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.32.2.681-689.1981
更新日期:1981-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The DNA oligomer 5'-d(TGCGGCCTCTCAGTCCCGCACTTTCATCTTCC)-3' specifically recognizes Haemophilus influenzae 16S rRNA. We report here the use of this oligonucleotide, with a fluorescein label tagged on its 5' end, as a probe for the in situ detection of nonencapsulated nontypeable H. influenzae in sections of adenoid tis...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.62.2.673-679.1994
更新日期:1994-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Murine monoclonal antibodies were generated against streptolysin O. One out of 10 tested immunoglobulin clones exhibited strong neutralizing activity; in solution, the presence of approximately two to four antibody molecules per toxin monomer effected 50% neutralization of hemolytic toxin activity. An enzyme-linked im...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.54.3.641-645.1986
更新日期:1986-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::CmeABC functions as a multidrug efflux pump contributing to the resistance of Campylobacter to a broad range of antimicrobials. In this study, we examined the role of CmeABC in bile resistance and its contribution to the adaptation of Campylobacter jejuni in the intestinal tract of the chicken, a natural host and a ma...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.71.8.4250-4259.2003
更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Purified group A streptococcal peptidoglycan-polysaccharide (PG-PS) fragments were either de-O-acylated, or acetylated and then de-O-acylated to yield N-acetylated PG-PS. Native PG-PS was poorly degraded, N-acetylated PG-PS was extensively degraded, and de-O-acylated PG-PS was only slightly degraded by hen egg white l...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.55.1.16-23.1987
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Differences in acid tolerance among representative oral streptococci were found to be related more closely to the dynamic permeabilities of the bacteria to protons than to differences in the sensitivities of cell membranes to gross damage caused by environmental acidification. For Streptococcus mutans GS-5, Streptococ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.53.2.331-338.1986
更新日期:1986-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Urease activity has recently been shown to be an important virulence determinant for Helicobacter pylori, allowing it to survive the low pH of the stomach during colonization. Experimental murine infection with Helicobacter felis is now being used as a model for H. pylori infection to study the effects of vaccines, an...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.62.3.793-798.1994
更新日期:1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Salmonella enterica serovars Typhimurium and Dublin lysed primary bovine alveolar macrophages and immortalized J774.2 macrophage-like cells in the absence of either the morphological changes or DNA fragmentation characteristic of apoptosis. Macrophage lysis was dependent on a subset of caspases and an intact sipB gene...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.68.6.3744-3747.2000
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recruitment of neutrophils to lung tissue and airspaces is a hallmark of inflammatory events following inhalation of endotoxins. We studied the role of different lymphocyte subsets in this inflammation, which is assumed to primarily involve the innate immune system. Inhalation of aerosolized Escherichia coli lipopolys...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.68.12.6962-6969.2000
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Encapsulated Staphylococcus aureus strains are more virulent than unencapsulated staphylococci, and this phenomenon has been associated with decreased opsonization of encapsulated bacteria by normal human serum. Peptidoglycan, a major cell wall component of S. aureus, has been shown to promote opsonization of this bac...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.26.3.1159-1163.1979
更新日期:1979-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although certain helminth infections preferentially induce type 2 T-cell responses, the immunological mechanisms responsible for type 2 T-cell polarization remain unclear. In the present study, we investigated the effects of excretory-secretory (ES) antigen from the nematode Nippostrongylus brasiliensis on cytokine pr...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.68.11.6233-6239.2000
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acute pyelonephritis, a complication of Escherichia coli bacteriuria, must represent a bacterial invasion through the kidney epithelium. To study this process, we overlaid bacterial suspensions onto monolayers of cultured human kidney proximal tubular epithelial cells and measured cytotoxicity by release of lactate de...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.58.5.1281-1289.1990
更新日期:1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ability of a pathogen to evade neutrophil phagocytic killing mechanisms is critically important for dissemination and establishment of a systemic infection. Understanding how pathogens overcome these innate defenses is essential for the development of optimal therapeutic strategies for invasive infections. CpsY is...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00027-12
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::C57BL/6J mice infected with Plasmodium berghei ANKA develop neurological dysfunction and die within 7 days of infection. We show that treatment of infected mice with a kynurenine-3-hydroxylase inhibitor prevents them from developing neurological symptoms and extends their life span threefold until severe anemia develo...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.73.8.5249-5251.2005
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Transcutaneous immunization (TCI) is a new method for vaccine delivery that has been shown to induce immunity relevant to enteric disease vaccines. We evaluated the clinical safety and immunogenicity of a recombinant subunit vaccine against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) delivered by TCI. Adult volunteers rec...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.70.4.1874-1880.2002
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Science has always been a competitive undertaking. Despite recognition of the benefits of cooperation and team science, reduced availability of funding and jobs has made science more competitive than ever. Here we consider the benefits of competition in providing incentives to scientists and the adverse effects of com...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 社论
doi:10.1128/IAI.02939-14
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cell walls from Streptococcus mutans were prepared by conventional technique and subjected to a series of extraction procedures involving classical protein solvents. The extracted walls contained several non-peptidoglycan amino acids and were also amenable to radiolabeling with [125I]sodium iodide and chloramine T. Th...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.28.1.118-126.1980
更新日期:1980-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bacillus anthracis, the etiological agent of anthrax disease, is a proven weapon of bioterrorism. Currently, the only licensed vaccine against anthrax in the United States is AVA Biothrax, which, although efficacious, suffers from several limitations. This vaccine requires six injectable doses over 18 months to stimul...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00828-08
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The immunoprotective activity of Klebsiella pneumoniae K2 cell surface preparations and purified capsular polysaccharide was tested in mice. The 50% protective dose (PD50), expressed as capsular polysaccharide content, was 2 ng for cell surface preparations and 50 ng for purified capsular polysaccharide. Both preparat...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.54.2.365-370.1986
更新日期:1986-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oral inoculation of 5-day-old gnotobiotic pigs with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium strain F98 resulted in severe enteritis and invasive disease. Preinoculation 24 h earlier with an avirulent mutant of Salmonella enterica serovar Infantis (1326/28) completely prevented disease for up to 14 days (when the exper...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.71.4.2182-2191.2003
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antioxidants are protective against septic shock in animal models. Recently, free radical scavengers have been found to inhibit the activation of the NF-kappa B protein in a number of cell lines. This transcriptional regulatory protein binds to the promoters of the proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor, inte...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.62.8.3122-3128.1994
更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the present study, the role of virulence factors in and the effect of opsonization on the interactions between Bordetella pertussis and human monocytes were investigated. The methods used facilitated the distinction between attachment and ingestion of bacteria by monocytes. Nonopsonized virulent B. pertussis cells ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.62.11.4818-4824.1994
更新日期:1994-11-01 00:00:00