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Inhaled molecular hydrogen attenuates intense acute exercise-induced hippocampal inflammation in sedentary rats.

Abstract：

:Physical exercise-induced inflammation may be beneficial when exercise is regular but it may be harmful when exercise is intense and performed by unaccustomed individuals/rats. Molecular hydrogen (H2) has recently emerged as a powerful anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-apoptotic molecule in a number of pathological conditions, but little is known about its putative role under physiological conditions such as physical exercise. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that H2 decreases intense acute exercise-induced inflammation in the hippocampus, since it is a brain region particularly susceptible to inflammation. Moreover, we also assessed hippocampus oxidative status. Rats ran on a sealed treadmill inhaling either the H2 (2% H2, 21% O2, balanced with N2) or the control gas (0% H2, 21% O2, balanced with N2) and hippocampal samples were collected immediately or 3 h after exercise. We measured hippocampal levels of cytokines [tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and IL-10] and oxidative markers [superoxide dismutase (SOD), thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS) and nitrite/nitrate (NOx)]. Exercise increased TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10 immediately after the session, whereas no change in IL-1β levels was observed. Conversely, exercise did not cause any change in SOD activity, TBARS and NOx levels. H2 inhibited the exercise-induced surges in TNF-α and IL-6, and potentiated the IL-10 surge, immediately after the exercise. Moreover, no change in IL1-β levels of rats inhaling H2 was observed. Regarding the oxidative stress markers, H2 failed to cause any change in SOD activity, TBARS and NOx levels. No significant change was observed in any of the assessed parameters 3 h after the exercise bout. These data are consistent with the notion that H2 acts as a powerful anti-inflammatory agent not only down-modulating pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) but also upregulating an anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10) production without affecting the local oxidative stress status. These data indicate that H2 effectively decreases exercise-induced inflammation in the hippocampus, despite the fact that this region is particularly prone to inflammatory insults.

journal_name

Neurosci Lett

journal_title

Neuroscience letters

authors

Nogueira JE,de Deus JL,Amorim MR,Batalhão ME,Leão RM,Carnio EC,Branco LGS

doi

10.1016/j.neulet.2019.134577

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2020-01-10 00:00:00

pages

134577

eissn

0304-3940

issn

1872-7972

pii

S0304-3940(19)30680-9

journal_volume

715

pub_type

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Inhaled molecular hydrogen attenuates intense acute exercise-induced hippocampal inflammation in sedentary rats.