Abstract：
PURPOSE OF REVIEW:We review recent and growing evidence that provides support for a novel parasomnia, trauma associated sleep disorder (TASD). Based on these findings, we further develop the clinical and polysomnographic (PSG) characteristics of TASD. We also address factors that precipitate TASD, develop a differential diagnosis, discuss therapy, and propose future directions for research. RECENT FINDINGS:Nightmares, classically a REM phenomenon, are prevalent and underreported, even in individuals with trauma exposure. When specifically queried, trauma-related nightmares (TRN) are frequently associated with disruptive nocturnal behaviors (DNB), consistent with TASD. Capture of DNB in the lab is rare but ambulatory monitoring reveals dynamic autonomic concomitants associated with disturbed dreaming. TRN may be reported in NREM as well as REM sleep, though associated respiratory events may confound this finding. Further, dream content is more distressing in REM. Therapy for this complex disorder likely requires addressing not only the specific TASD components of TRN and DNB but comorbid sleep disorders. TASD is a unique parasomnia developing after trauma. Trauma-exposed individuals should be specifically asked about their sleep and if they have nightmares with or without DNB. Patients who report TRN warrant in-lab PSG as part of their evaluation.
journal_name
Curr Psychiatry Repjournal_title
Current psychiatry reportsauthors
Brock MS,Powell TA,Creamer JL,Moore BA,Mysliwiec Vdoi
10.1007/s11920-019-1066-4subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-08-13 00:00:00pages
80issue
9eissn
1523-3812issn
1535-1645pii
10.1007/s11920-019-1066-4journal_volume
21pub_type
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