Specificity and selectivity in post-translational biotin addition.

abstract：:AMPA (alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid) receptor trafficking is a fundamental mechanism for regulating synaptic strength, and hence may underlie cellular processes involved in learning and memory. PICK1 (protein that interacts with protein C-kinase) has recently emerged as a key regulator of AM...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Hanley JG

更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human CD4 T helper lymphocytes can be subdivided into at least three distinct functional subsets on the basis of their cytokine secretion profiles. One type of CD4+ lymphocyte, T helper 1 (Th1), produces interferon (IFN)-gamma and tumour necrosis factor beta, a second type (Th2) produces interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-5 an...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Piccinni MP,Maggi E,Romagnani S

更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The most striking example of a complex prokaryotic intracytoplasmic organization can be found in the members of the phylum Planctomycetes. Among them are the anammox (anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing) bacteria, which possess a unique cell compartment with an unprecedented function in bacteria: the anammoxosome is a prokar...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Neumann S,Jetten MS,van Niftrik L

更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mouse ES (embryonic stem) cells maintain pluripotency with robust proliferation in vitro. ES cells share some similarities with cancer cells, such as anchorage-independent growth, loss of contact inhibition and tumour formation. After differentiation, ES cells lose pluripotency and tumorigenicity. Recent studies showe...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Takahashi K,Murakami M,Yamanaka S

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The discovery of the zDHHC family of S-acyltransferase enzymes has been one of the major breakthroughs in the S-acylation field. Now, more than a decade since their discovery, major questions centre on profiling the substrates of individual zDHHC enzymes (there are 24 ZDHHC genes and several hundred S-acylated protein...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Lemonidis K,Werno MW,Greaves J,Diez-Ardanuy C,Sanchez-Perez MC,Salaun C,Thomson DM,Chamberlain LH

更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The transcript is populated with numerous overlapping codes that regulate all steps of gene expression. Deciphering these codes is very challenging due to the large number of variables involved, the non-modular nature of the codes, biases and limitations in current experimental approaches, our limited knowledge in gen...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Bahiri-Elitzur S,Tuller T

更新日期：2020-08-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The physiological roles of insulin and insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) are distinct, with insulin acting to regulate cellular uptake and metabolism of fuels, whereas IGFs promote cell growth, survival and differentiation. The only components of signalling pathways known to be unique to insulin and IGFs are their re...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Siddle K,Ursø B,Niesler CA,Cope DL,Molina L,Surinya KH,Soos MA

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tetraspanin CD9 is associated with integrin adhesion receptors and it was reported that CD9 regulates integrin-dependent cell migration and invasion. Pro- and anti-migratory effects of CD9 have been linked to adhesion-dependent signalling pathways, including phosphorylation of FAK (focal adhesion kinase) and activatio...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Powner D,Kopp PM,Monkley SJ,Critchley DR,Berditchevski F

更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Smoking is the main risk factor for COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) but genetic factors are of importance, since only a subset of smokers develops the disease. Sex differences have been suggested both in disease prevalence and response to environmental exposures. Furthermore, it has been shown that acquis...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Svartengren M,Engström G,Anderson M,Hallberg J,Edula G,de Verdier MG,Dahlbäck M,Lindberg CM,Forsman-Semb K,Nihlén U,Fehniger TE

更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:One of the primary functions of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is to regulate the metabolic pathways in response to reduced cellular energy charge. Most of the known targets of the kinase are cytoplasmic enzymes involved in both catabolic and anabolic metabolism. In addition, activation of AMPK in many cells resu...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Leff T

更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A combination of EXAFS, transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray was used to conduct a molecular and atomic analysis of the uranium complexes formed by Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans. The results demonstrate that this bacterium accumulates uranium as phosphate compounds. We suggest that at toxic le...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Merroun M,Hennig C,Rossberg A,Geipel G,Reich T,Selenska-Pobell S

更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ribosome is the macromolecular machinery in the host cell for which all viruses have to compete. Early in infection, the viral mRNAs have to compete with the host for both the ribosomes and for the limited pool of eukaryotic initiation factors that are needed to facilitate the recruitment of ribosomes to both vira...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Sarnow P,Cevallos RC,Jan E

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (ssNMR) is an indispensable tool for elucidating the structure and dynamics of insoluble and non-crystalline biomolecules. The recent advances in the sensitivity-enhancing technique magic-angle spinning dynamic nuclear polarization (MAS-DNP) have substantially expanded the territ...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Chakraborty A,Deligey F,Quach J,Mentink-Vigier F,Wang P,Wang T

更新日期：2020-06-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The discovery that nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) undergoes translocational oscillations from cytoplasm to nucleus in human cells with frequency modulation linked to activation of a stress-stimulated cytoprotective response raises the prospect that the Nrf2 works mechanistically analogous to a wire...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Xue M,Momiji H,Rabbani N,Bretschneider T,Rand DA,Thornalley PJ

更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:TDP-43 (TAR DNA-binding protein 43) is an hnRNP (heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein) protein whose role in cellular processes has come to the forefront of neurodegeneration research after the observation that it is the main component of brain inclusions in ALS (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis) and FTLD (frontotempo...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Baralle M,Buratti E,Baralle FE

更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Colon cancer in humans is influenced by both genetic and dietary risk factors. The majority of colon cancers have somatic mutations in the APC (adenomatous polyposis coli) tumour-suppressor gene. Dietary arginine enhances the risk of APC-dependent colon carcinogenesis in mouse models by a mechanism involving NOS2 (nit...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Gerner EW

更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The majority of mRNAs in eukaryotic cells are translated via a method that is dependent upon the recognition of, and binding to, the methylguanosine cap at the 5' end of the mRNA, by a set of protein factors termed eIFs (eukaryotic initiation factors). However, many of the eIFs involved in this process are modified an...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： King HA,Cobbold LC,Willis AE

更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Anaphase B spindle elongation plays an important role in chromosome segregation. In the present paper, we discuss our model for anaphase B in Drosophila syncytial embryos, in which spindle elongation depends on an ip (interpolar) MT (microtubule) sliding filament mechanism generated by homotetrameric kinesin-5 motors ...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Brust-Mascher I,Scholey JM

更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The canonical structural motif for co-ordination of non-haem ferrous iron in metal-dependent oxygenases is a facial triad of two histidine residues and one aspartate or glutamate residue. This so-called 2-His-1-carboxylate metallocentre is often accommodated in a double-stranded beta-helix fold with the iron-co-ordina...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Leitgeb S,Nidetzky B

更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:With >800 members, G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest class of cell-surface signalling proteins, and their activation mediates diverse physiological processes. GPCRs are ubiquitously distributed across all cell types, involved in many diseases and are major drug targets. However, GPCR drug discovery i...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Ellisdon AM,Halls ML

更新日期：2016-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The cell-cycle-co-ordinated initiation of chromosomal replication is highly regulated. The ordered assembly and conformational change of specific proteins at the replication origin are crucial to the process of replication initiation. In Escherichia coli, ATP-DnaA molecules form multimeric complexes with the chromosom...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Katayama T

更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Genes encoding an alpha-oxygenase, in Nicotiana tabacum and Arabidopsis thaliana, have been recently isolated. However, the reaction mechanism of the enzyme has not so far been elucidated. In this study, a cDNA encoding the fatty acid alpha-oxygenase gene in rice plants was isolated. The deduced amino acid sequence sh...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Koeduka T,Matsui K,Akakabe Y,Kajiwara T

更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The network of the ER (endoplasmic reticulum) is set up by cytoskeletal control of the movement and remodelling of polygonal rings of tubules, bundles of tubules and cisternal regions. We have developed a new image analysis tool, persistency mapping, to understand the framework upon which the plant ER remodels. With t...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Griffing LR

更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:LRRK2 (leucine-rich repeat kinase 2) is an enzyme implicated in human disease, containing kinase and GTPase functions within the same multidomain open reading frame. Dominant mutations in the LRRK2 gene are the most common cause of familial PD (Parkinson's disease). Additionally, in genome-wide association studies, th...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Manzoni C

更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the intracellular microenvironment of active muscle tissue, high rates of respiration are maintained at near-limiting oxygen concentrations. The respiration of isolated heart mitochondria is a hyperbolic function of oxygen concentration and half-maximal rates were obtained at 0.4 and 0.7 microM O(2) with substrates...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Gnaiger E,Kuznetsov AV

更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The evolution of proteins is inseparably linked to their function. Because most biological processes involve a number of different proteins, it may become impossible to study the evolutionary properties of proteins in isolation. In the present article, we show how simple mechanistic models of biological processes can ...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Huvet M,Toni T,Tan H,Jovanovic G,Engl C,Buck M,Stumpf MP

更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Post-translational modification (PTM) of histones has been investigated in eukaryotes for years, revealing its widespread occurrence and functional importance. Many PTMs affect chromatin folding and gene activity. Only recently the occurrence of such modifications has been recognized in bacteria. However, it is unclea...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Dilweg IW,Dame RT

更新日期：2018-10-19 00:00:00

abstract：:IAPP has been postulated to have a role as a modulating factor in glucose homoeostasis and to be involved in the pathophysiology of diabetes. However, the normal physiological functions of the peptide remain obscure: exogenous IAPP acts on many experimental systems to modulate nutrient supply and metabolism but there ...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Clark A,Charge SB,Badman MK,MacArthur DA,de Koning EJ

更新日期：1996-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As beta-secretase, memapsin 2 cleaves amyloid-beta precursor protein, which leads ultimately to the onset of Alzheimer's disease. As such, memapsin 2 is an excellent target of inhibitor drugs for the treatment of this disease. Here we describe the tools for memapsin 2 inhibitor design that have been developed and resu...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Hong L,Turner RT 3rd,Koelsch G,Ghosh AK,Tang J

更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ligand-gated ion channels function as rapid signal transducers, converting chemical signals (in the form of neurotransmitters) into electrical signals in the postsynaptic neuron. This is achieved by the recognition of neurotransmitter at its specific-binding sites, which then triggers the opening of an ion channel ('g...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Kash TL,Trudell JR,Harrison NL

更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00