Metabolism of hydrogen gases and bile acids in the gut microbiome.

Abstract:

:The human gut microbiome refers to a highly diverse microbial ecosystem, which has a symbiotic relationship with the host. Molecular hydrogen (H2 ) and carbon dioxide (CO2 ) are generated by fermentative metabolism in anaerobic ecosystems. H2 generation and oxidation coupled to CO2 reduction to methane or acetate help maintain the structure of the gut microbiome. Bile acids are synthesized by hepatocytes from cholesterol in the liver and are important regulators of host metabolism. In this Review, we discuss how gut bacteria metabolize hydrogen gases and bile acids in the intestinal tract and the consequences on host physiology. Finally, we focus on bile acid metabolism by the Actinobacterium Eggerthella lenta. Eggerthella lenta appears to couple hydroxyl group oxidations to reductive acetogenesis under a CO2 or N2 atmosphere, but not under H2 . Hence, at low H2 levels, E. lenta is proposed to use NADH from bile acid hydroxyl group oxidations to reduce CO2 to acetate.

journal_name

FEBS Lett

journal_title

FEBS letters

authors

Hylemon PB,Harris SC,Ridlon JM

doi

10.1002/1873-3468.13064

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2018-06-01 00:00:00

pages

2070-2082

issue

12

eissn

0014-5793

issn

1873-3468

journal_volume

592

pub_type

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