Abstract:
:The human gut microbiome refers to a highly diverse microbial ecosystem, which has a symbiotic relationship with the host. Molecular hydrogen (H2 ) and carbon dioxide (CO2 ) are generated by fermentative metabolism in anaerobic ecosystems. H2 generation and oxidation coupled to CO2 reduction to methane or acetate help maintain the structure of the gut microbiome. Bile acids are synthesized by hepatocytes from cholesterol in the liver and are important regulators of host metabolism. In this Review, we discuss how gut bacteria metabolize hydrogen gases and bile acids in the intestinal tract and the consequences on host physiology. Finally, we focus on bile acid metabolism by the Actinobacterium Eggerthella lenta. Eggerthella lenta appears to couple hydroxyl group oxidations to reductive acetogenesis under a CO2 or N2 atmosphere, but not under H2 . Hence, at low H2 levels, E. lenta is proposed to use NADH from bile acid hydroxyl group oxidations to reduce CO2 to acetate.
journal_name
FEBS Lettjournal_title
FEBS lettersauthors
Hylemon PB,Harris SC,Ridlon JMdoi
10.1002/1873-3468.13064subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-06-01 00:00:00pages
2070-2082issue
12eissn
0014-5793issn
1873-3468journal_volume
592pub_type
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