Abstract:
:Inhibitors that target the retroviral enzyme reverse transcriptase (RT) have played an indispensable role in the treatment and prevention of HIV-1 infection. They can be grouped into two distinct therapeutic groups, namely the nucleoside and nucleotide RT inhibitors (NRTIs), and the non-nucleoside RT inhibitors (NNRTIs). NRTIs form the backbones of most first- and second-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens formulated for the treatment of HIV-1 infection. They are also used to prevent mother-to-child transmission, and as pre-exposure prophylaxis in individuals at risk of HIV-1 infection. The NNRTIs nevirapine (NVP), efavirenz and rilpivirine also used to form part of first-line ART regimens, although this is no longer recommended, while etravirine can be used in salvage ART regimens. A single-dose of NVP administered to both mother and child has routinely been used in resource-limited settings to reduce the rate of HIV-1 transmission. Unfortunately, the development of HIV-1 resistance to RT inhibitors can compromise the efficacy of these antiviral drugs in both the treatment and prevention arenas. Here, we provide an up-to-date review on drug-resistance mutations in HIV-1 RT, and discuss their cross-resistance profiles, molecular mechanisms and clinical significance.
journal_name
Future Microbioljournal_title
Future microbiologyauthors
Sluis-Cremer N,Wainberg MA,Schinazi RFdoi
10.2217/fmb.15.106subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-01-01 00:00:00pages
1773-82issue
11eissn
1746-0913issn
1746-0921journal_volume
10pub_type
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更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
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