Abstract：
:Gamma-ray 'glows' are long duration (seconds to tens of minutes) X-ray and gamma-ray emission coming from thunderclouds. Measurements suggest the presence of relativistic runaway electron avalanches (RREA), the same process underlying terrestrial gamma-ray flashes. Here we demonstrate that glows are relatively a common phenomena near the tops of thunderstorms, when compared with events such as terrestrial gamma-ray flashes. Examining the strongest glow measured by the airborne detector for energetic emissions, we show that this glow is measured near the end of a downward RREA, consistent with occurring between the upper positive charge layer and the negative screening layer above it. The glow discharges the upper positive layer by ≥9.6 mA, strong enough to be an important charging mechanism of the storm. For this glow, the gamma-ray flux observed is close to the value at which relativistic feedback processes become important, with an avalanche multiplication factor of 4,500.
journal_name
Nat Communjournal_title
Nature communicationsauthors
Kelley NA,Smith DM,Dwyer JR,Splitt M,Lazarus S,Martinez-McKinney F,Hazelton B,Grefenstette B,Lowell A,Rassoul HKdoi
10.1038/ncomms8845subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-08-12 00:00:00pages
7845issn
2041-1723pii
ncomms8845journal_volume
6pub_type
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