Abstract:
:Small intestine bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) occurs when colonic quantities of commensal bacteria are present in the small bowel. SIBO is associated with conditions of disrupted gastrointestinal (GI) motility leading to stasis of luminal contents. Recent data show that SIBO is also found in children living in unsanitary conditions who do not have access to clean water. SIBO leads to impaired micronutrient absorption and increased GI permeability, both of which may contribute to growth stunting in children. SIBO also disrupts mucosal immunity and has been implicated in oral vaccination underperformance and the development of celiac disease. SIBO in the setting of the impoverished human habitats may be an under-recognized cause of pediatric morbidity and mortality in the developing world.
journal_name
Trends Mol Medjournal_title
Trends in molecular medicineauthors
Donowitz JR,Petri WA Jrdoi
10.1016/j.molmed.2014.11.001subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-01-01 00:00:00pages
6-15issue
1eissn
1471-4914issn
1471-499Xpii
S1471-4914(14)00193-2journal_volume
21pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging promises to improve cancer imaging and management; advances in nanomaterials allow scientists to combine new nanoparticles with NIRF imaging techniques, thereby fulfilling this promise. Here, we present a synopsis of current developments in NIRF nanoprobes, their use in imagin...
journal_title:Trends in molecular medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2010.08.006
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common potentially lethal monogenic disorder, with more than 12 million cases worldwide. The two causative genes for ADPKD, PKD1 and PKD2, encode protein products polycystin-1 (PC1) and polycystin-2 (PC2 or TRPP2), respectively. Recent data have shed lig...
journal_title:Trends in molecular medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2014.01.004
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::For decades it has been assumed that T cells reject tumors essentially by direct killing. However, solid tumors are composed of malignant cells and a variety of different nonmalignant cells, referred to as tumor stroma. Stromal cells, such as endothelial cells, fibroblasts and inflammatory cells, often support tumor g...
journal_title:Trends in molecular medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2005.03.002
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Here, we explore the potential of single-cell genomic analysis in blood for early detection of cancer; we consider a method that screens the presence of recurrent patterns of copy number (CN) alterations using sparse single-cell sequencing. We argue for feasibility, based on in silico analysis of existing single-cell ...
journal_title:Trends in molecular medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2017.05.005
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Degenerated motor neurons in the spinal cord are the pathological hallmark of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). SMA is caused by mutations in the ubiquitously expressed survival motor neuron 1 (SMN1) gene, which lead to reduced levels of functional SMN protein. Many different functions have been assigned to SMN, includin...
journal_title:Trends in molecular medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2006.01.005
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human natural killer (NK) and gamma delta (gammadelta) T cells are potent effectors involved in the destruction of abnormal cells. Accumulating clinical and experimental data point towards a key role for NK cells and gammadelta T cells in the control of most, if not all, haematological malignancies. This review focuse...
journal_title:Trends in molecular medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2009.04.005
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Keratinocytes and skin immune cells are actively metabolizing nutrients present in their microenvironment. This is particularly important in common chronic inflammatory skin diseases such as psoriasis and atopic dermatitis, characterized by hyperproliferation of keratinocytes and expansion of inflammatory cells, thus ...
journal_title:Trends in molecular medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2020.04.004
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the coming years, molecular diagnostics will continue to be of critical importance to public health worldwide. It will facilitate the detection and characterization of disease, as well as monitoring of the drug response, and will assist in the identification of genetic modifiers and disease susceptibility. A wide r...
journal_title:Trends in molecular medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s1471-4914(02)02331-6
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cardiovascular diseases predominantly result from atherosclerosis, a natural biological phenomenon reflecting food intake and energy production in humans. Lipolysis of plasma triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TGRLs) by lipoprotein lipase (LPL) is an essential element of energy production that delivers free fatty acids t...
journal_title:Trends in molecular medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2020.07.005
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::MALT1 is a signaling protein that plays a key role in immunity, inflammation, and lymphoid malignancies. For a long time MALT1 was believed to function as a scaffold protein, providing an assembly platform for other signaling proteins. This view changed dramatically when MALT1 was also found to have proteolytic activi...
journal_title:Trends in molecular medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2015.12.004
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epigenome-wide association studies (EWASs) provide a systematic approach to uncovering epigenetic variants underlying common diseases. Discoveries have shed light on novel molecular mechanisms of disease and enabled the application of epigenetic variants as biomarkers. Here, we highlight the recent advances in this em...
journal_title:Trends in molecular medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2014.07.002
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved lysosomal self-digestion process essential for cellular homeostasis, differentiation and survival. As an adaptive response, it protects organisms against a wide range of pathologies, including cancer, infection, neurodegeneration, heart disease and ageing. Thus, compounds activ...
journal_title:Trends in molecular medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2010.04.005
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pyocyanin (PCN) is a blue redox-active secondary metabolite that is produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. PCN is readily recovered in large quantities in sputum from patients with cystic fibrosis who are infected by P. aeruginosa. Despite in vitro studies demonstrating that PCN interferes with multiple cellular function...
journal_title:Trends in molecular medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2004.10.002
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Natural killer (NK) cells are the most responsive immune cells to exercise, displaying an acute mobilization to the circulation during physical exertion. Recently, exercise-dependent mobilization of NK cells was found to play a central role in exercise-mediated protection against cancer. Here, we review the link betwe...
journal_title:Trends in molecular medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2016.05.007
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Defects in the regulation of apoptosis (programmed cell death) contribute to many diseases, including pathologies associated with cell loss (e.g. stroke, heart failure, neurodegeneration and AIDS), and disorders characterized by a failure to eliminate harmful cells (e.g. cancer, autoimmunity). Apoptosis is caused by a...
journal_title:Trends in molecular medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s1471-4914(01)02026-3
更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Betulinic acid (BA) derivatives are low molecular weight organic compounds synthesized from a plant-derived natural product. Several BA derivatives are potent and highly selective inhibitors of HIV-1. Depending on the specific side-chain modification, these compounds function by inhibiting HIV fusion or, as recently d...
journal_title:Trends in molecular medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2004.11.001
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) signaling has a key role in memory processes and has been identified as a potential therapeutic target for memory disorders. The activation of PKA signaling is crucial for the consolidation of long-term memories dependent on the hippocampus and/or the amygdala, By contrast, initia...
journal_title:Trends in molecular medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2005.01.006
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The deregulation of tyrosine kinase receptors (RTKs) is frequent in human tumors and is often associated with the acquisition of an aggressive phenotype. The Met oncogene, encoding the RTK for hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), controls genetic programs leading to cell growth, invasion and protection from apoptosis. The ...
journal_title:Trends in molecular medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2005.04.005
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The endocannabinoid signaling system (ECSS) is altered by exposure to stress and mediates and modulates the effects of stress on the brain. Considerable preclinical data support critical roles for the endocannabinoids and their target, the CB1 cannabinoid receptor, in the adaptation of the brain to repeated stress exp...
journal_title:Trends in molecular medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2020.07.002
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ten percent of inherited diseases are caused by premature termination codon (PTC) mutations that lead to degradation of the mRNA template and to the production of a non-functional, truncated polypeptide. In addition, many acquired mutations in cancer introduce similar PTCs. In 1999, proof-of-concept for treating these...
journal_title:Trends in molecular medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2012.09.008
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 1999, Tesarik and Greco reported that they could predict the developmental potential of human zygotes from a single static evaluation of their pronuclei. This was based on the distribution and number of specific nuclear organelles - the nucleoli. Recent studies in mice show that nucleoli play a key role in parental...
journal_title:Trends in molecular medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2015.09.005
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mTOR signaling network functions as a pivotal regulatory cascade during the development of the cerebral cortex. Aberrant hyperactivation of mTOR as a consequence of loss-of-function gene mutations encoding mTOR inhibitor proteins such as TSC1, TSC2, PTEN and STRADα has been recently linked to developmental cortica...
journal_title:Trends in molecular medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2011.07.008
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Innate immunity is the first line of defense against invading pathogens. A family of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) acts as primary sensors that detect a wide variety of microbial components and elicit innate immune responses. All TLR signaling pathways culminate in activation of the transcription factor nuclear factor-ka...
journal_title:Trends in molecular medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2007.09.002
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Physicians have, for over a century, attempted to harness the potential therapeutic power of the immune system to treat patients with cancer. The discovery that cancer regression can be achieved by immune rejection of tumour antigens theoretically allows the eradication of neoplastic cells without toxicity to normal t...
journal_title:Trends in molecular medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2004.02.006
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Large genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified loci that are associated with complex traits and diseases, but index variants are often not causal and reside in non-coding regions of the genome. To gain a better understanding of the relevant biological mechanisms, intermediate traits such as gene expressi...
journal_title:Trends in molecular medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2019.10.004
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Successful molecular targeting of nanoparticle drug carriers can enhance therapeutic specificity and reduce systemic toxicity. Typically, ligands specific for cognate receptors expressed on the intended target cell type are conjugated to the nanoparticle surface. This approach, often called active targeting, seems to ...
journal_title:Trends in molecular medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2018.05.003
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Imported across the plasma membrane by SLC1A5, glutamine has emerged as a metabolic fuel that is catabolized by mitochondrial glutaminase to support tumor growth. The missing link between cytoplasmic and mitochondrial glutamine metabolism is now provided by Yoo et al., identifying the mitochondrial glutamine importer ...
journal_title:Trends in molecular medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2019.11.004
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hundreds of millions of people worldwide are affected by bone-related diseases, such as osteoporosis and rheumatoid arthritis. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of bone metabolism is crucial for developing novel drugs for treating such diseases. In particular, genetic experiments showing that the receptor activat...
journal_title:Trends in molecular medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2005.11.007
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) knockout mice are protected against pulmonary hypertension and expression levels of the enzyme are increased in the lungs of pulmonary arterial hypertensive (PAH) patients. Moreover, sphingosine 1-phosphate can promote vascular remodeling/vasoconstriction in rodent and human pulmonary arte...
journal_title:Trends in molecular medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2017.07.001
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::What biological factors account for resilience to pain or to behavioral stress? Here, we discuss examples of cellular and molecular mechanisms within disparate parts of the nervous system as contributors to such resilience. In some especially well-studied humans, it is possible to identify particular neuronal cell typ...
journal_title:Trends in molecular medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2020.03.007
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00