Abstract:
:Although infections with virulent pathogens often induce a strong inflammatory reaction, what drives the increased immune response to pathogens compared to nonpathogenic microbes is poorly understood. One possibility is that the immune system senses the level of threat from a microorganism and augments the response accordingly. Here, focusing on cytotoxic necrotizing factor 1 (CNF1), an Escherichia coli-derived effector molecule, we showed the host indirectly sensed the pathogen by monitoring for the effector that modified RhoGTPases. CNF1 modified Rac2, which then interacted with the innate immune adaptors IMD and Rip1-Rip2 in flies and mammalian cells, respectively, to drive an immune response. This response was protective and increased the ability of the host to restrict pathogen growth, thus defining a mechanism of effector-triggered immunity that contributes to how metazoans defend against microbes with pathogenic potential.
journal_name
Immunityjournal_title
Immunityauthors
Boyer L,Magoc L,Dejardin S,Cappillino M,Paquette N,Hinault C,Charriere GM,Ip WK,Fracchia S,Hennessy E,Erturk-Hasdemir D,Reichhart JM,Silverman N,Lacy-Hulbert A,Stuart LMdoi
10.1016/j.immuni.2011.08.015subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-10-28 00:00:00pages
536-49issue
4eissn
1074-7613issn
1097-4180pii
S1074-7613(11)00405-5journal_volume
35pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
IMMUNITY文献大全abstract::Direct and indirect cytopathic mechanisms have been proposed to account for the loss of CD4+ T cells after infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). We report here that HIV-1 infection of the human thymus in vivo results in thymocyte depletion by at least two different mechanisms. Thymocytes within m...
journal_title:Immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/1074-7613(95)90076-4
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Interferon (IFN)-γ can prime macrophages for inflammatory responses by several mechanisms, including enhancer establishment and gene activation. In this issue of Immunity, Kang et al. (2017) provide insight into the mechanisms of IFN-γ-mediated gene repression as they show that IFN-γ promotes the disassembly of select...
journal_title:Immunity
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2017.08.002
更新日期:2017-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::In this issue of Immunity, Turtle et al. (2009) describe the identification of a distinct CD8(+) memory T cell subset in humans, which could bring us closer to the identification of the enigmatic "memory stem cell." ...
journal_title:Immunity
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2009.10.002
更新日期:2009-11-20 00:00:00
abstract::The emerging notion of environment-induced reprogramming of Foxp3(+) regulatory T (Treg) cells into helper T (Th) cells remains controversial. By genetic fate mapping or adoptive transfers, we have identified a minor population of nonregulatory Foxp3(+) T cells exhibiting promiscuous and transient Foxp3 expression, wh...
journal_title:Immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2011.12.012
更新日期:2012-02-24 00:00:00
abstract::Latent and activated forms of Stat1 and Stat6 have been expressed and purified, enabling biochemical experiments relating to their functional activities. Stat1 bound to a phosphotyrosine peptide derived from the IFN gamma receptor with a KD of 50 nM, whereas Stat6 bound to an IL-4 receptor peptide with a KD of 300 nM....
journal_title:Immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/1074-7613(95)90013-6
更新日期:1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent work has identified a new subset of effector T cells that produces interleukin (IL)-17 known as T helper 17 (Th17) cells, which is involved in the pathophysiology of inflammatory diseases and is thought to be developmentally related to regulatory T (Treg) cells. Because of its importance for Treg cells, we exam...
journal_title:Immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2007.02.009
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Galactocerebrosides (GCs) represent a major class of glycolipids in the nervous system. Here, we show that mice lacking the key enzyme to generate GCs, UDP-galactose:ceramide galactosyltransferase (CGT(-/-)), exhibit severe postnatal atrophy of all lymphoid organs, owing to a maturational arrest before the pro-B/T cel...
journal_title:Immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s1074-7613(03)00150-x
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Class-switch recombination (CSR) is a DNA recombination process that replaces the immunoglobulin (Ig) constant region for the isotype that can best protect against the pathogen. Dysregulation of CSR can cause self-reactive BCRs and B cell lymphomas; understanding the timing and location of CSR is therefore important. ...
journal_title:Immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2019.07.001
更新日期:2019-08-20 00:00:00
abstract::Tissue-selective trafficking of memory and effector T and B lymphocytes is mediated by unique combinations of adhesion molecules and chemokines. The discovery of several related epithelial-expressed chemokines (TECK/CCL25 in small intestine, CTACK/CCL27 in skin, and MEC/CCL28 in diverse mucosal sites) now highlights a...
journal_title:Immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s1074-7613(01)00261-8
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The participation of a specific subset of B cells and how they are regulated in cancer is unclear. Here, we demonstrate that the proportion of CD5(+) relative to interleukin-6 receptor α (IL-6Rα)-expressing B cells was greatly increased in tumors. CD5(+) B cells responded to IL-6 in the absence of IL-6Rα. IL-6 directl...
journal_title:Immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2016.04.003
更新日期:2016-04-19 00:00:00
abstract::The death domain kinase RIP and the TNF receptor-associated factor 2 (TRAF2) are essential effectors in TNF signaling. To understand the mechanism by which RIP and TRAF2 regulate TNF-induced activation of the transcription factor NF-kappaB, we investigated their respective roles in TNF-R1-mediated IKK activation using...
journal_title:Immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s1074-7613(00)80194-6
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The antigen receptor for natural killer T cells (NKT TCR) binds CD1d-restricted microbial and self-lipid antigens, although the molecular basis of self-CD1d recognition is unclear. Here, we have characterized NKT TCR recognition of CD1d molecules loaded with natural self-antigens (Ags) and report the 2.3 Å resolution ...
journal_title:Immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2011.01.013
更新日期:2011-03-25 00:00:00
abstract::Antibodies against the NANP repeat of circumsporozoite protein (CSP), the major surface antigen of Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) sporozoites, can protect from malaria in animal models but protective humoral immunity is difficult to induce in humans. Here we cloned and characterized rare affinity-matured human NANP-reacti...
journal_title:Immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2017.11.007
更新日期:2017-12-19 00:00:00
abstract::Aiolos encodes a zinc finger DNA-binding protein that is highly expressed in mature B cells and is homologous to Ikaros. In the periphery of mice homozygous for an Aiolos-null mutation, B cells exhibit an activated cell surface phenotype and undergo augmented antigen receptor (BCR)-mediated in vitro proliferative resp...
journal_title:Immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s1074-7613(00)80637-8
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cytokine signaling via a restricted number of Jak-Stat pathways positively and negatively regulates all cell types involved in the initiation, propagation, and resolution of inflammation. Here, we focus on Jak-Stat signaling in three major cell types involved in inflammatory responses: T cells, neutrophils, and macrop...
journal_title:Immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2008.03.002
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::For a brief period during fetal lymph node organogenesis in mice, lymph node postcapillary high endothelial venules surprisingly express the Peyer's patch addressin MAdCAM-1. This expression allows initial seeding of this incipient structure by two unusual lymphocyte populations selectively expressing the Peyer's patc...
journal_title:Immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s1074-7613(00)80371-4
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ETS gene Fli-1 is involved in the induction of erythroleukemia in mice by Friend murine leukemia virus and Ewings sarcoma in children. Mice with a targeted null mutation in the Fli-1 locus die at day 11.5 of embryogenesis with loss of vascular integrity leading to bleeding within the vascular plexus of the cerebra...
journal_title:Immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s1074-7613(00)00017-0
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Among 631 substitutions present in 90 nurse shark immunoglobulin light chain somatic mutants, 338 constitute 2-4 bp stretches of adjacent changes. An absence of mutations in perinatal sequences and the bias for one mutating V gene in adults suggest that the diversification is antigen dependent. The substitutions share...
journal_title:Immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s1074-7613(02)00300-x
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Secondary diversification of the B cell repertoire by immunoglobulin gene somatic hypermutation in the germinal center (GC) is essential for providing the high-affinity antibody specificities required for long-term humoral immunity. While the risk to self-tolerance posed by inadvertent generation of self-reactive GC B...
journal_title:Immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2012.07.017
更新日期:2012-11-16 00:00:00
abstract::Immune responses to minor histocompatibility antigens are poorly understood and present substantial barriers to successful solid tissue and bone marrow transplantation among MHC-matched individuals. We exploited a unique positional cloning approach relying on the potent negative selection capability of cytotoxic T cel...
journal_title:Immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s1074-7613(00)80666-4
更新日期:1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Perforation of membranes and pore formation is mediated by polymerization of proteins of the immune system, complement C9 and Perforin, which share the conserved MACPF domain. In this issue of Immunity, Baran et al. (2009) identify the molecular mechanism initiating polymerization as charge interactions in the MACPF d...
journal_title:Immunity
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2009.04.004
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lentiviral Nef increases T cell signaling activity, but the molecular nature of the stimulus involved is incompletely described. We explored CD4 T cell lipid raft composition in the presence and absence of Nef. Here, the E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme UbcH7, which acts in conjunction with c-Cbl, is absent from lipid ...
journal_title:Immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2005.11.003
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::V(H)-DJ(H) recombination of the immunoglobulin heavy chain (Igh) locus is temporally and spatially controlled during early B cell development, and yet no regulatory elements other than the V(H) gene promoters have been identified throughout the entire V(H) gene cluster. Here, we discovered regulatory sequences that ar...
journal_title:Immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2011.02.005
更新日期:2011-02-25 00:00:00
abstract::B cells diversify and affinity mature their antigen receptor repertoire in germinal centers (GCs). GC B cells receive help signals during transient interaction with T cells, yet it remains unknown how these transient T-B interactions in the light zone sustain the subsequent proliferative program of selected B cells th...
journal_title:Immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2016.07.023
更新日期:2016-09-20 00:00:00
abstract::CD70 and CD27 are costimulatory molecules that provide essential signals for the expansion and differentiation of CD8(+) T cells. Here, we show that CD27-driven costimulation lowered the threshold of T cell receptor activation on CD8(+) T cells and enabled responses against low-affinity antigens. Using influenza infec...
journal_title:Immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2011.04.020
更新日期:2011-07-22 00:00:00
abstract::T lymphocyte receptor CTLA-4 binds costimulatory molecules CD80 (B7-1) and CD86 (B7-2) with high avidity and negatively regulates T cell activation. CTLA-4 functions at the cell surface, yet is primarily localized in intracellular vesicles. Here, we demonstrate cycling of CTLA-4 between intracellular stores and the ce...
journal_title:Immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s1074-7613(00)80480-x
更新日期:1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vgamma2Vdelta2 T cells comprise 2%-5% of human peripheral blood T cells, recognize ubiquitous nonpeptide antigens, and expand up to 50-fold during microbial infection. It is not clear why these Vgamma2Vdelta2 T cells expand only after microbial infection. We show here that the stress-inducible molecule, MICA, is induc...
journal_title:Immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s1074-7613(01)00168-6
更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::MicroRNAs have been shown to be critical for a number of aspects of immune system regulation and function. Here, we have examined the role of microRNAs in terminal B cell differentiation by analyzing Cd19-Cre(ki/+) Dicer1(fl/fl) mice. We found that in the absence of Dicer, the transitional and marginal zone (MZ) B cel...
journal_title:Immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2010.11.010
更新日期:2010-11-24 00:00:00
abstract::Follicular helper T (Tfh) cells are specialized providers of T cell help to B cells, and are essential for germinal center formation, affinity maturation, and the development of most high-affinity antibodies and memory B cells. Tfh cell differentiation is a multistage, multifactorial process involving B cell lymphoma ...
journal_title:Immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2014.10.004
更新日期:2014-10-16 00:00:00
abstract::The identification of specific genetic loci that contribute to inflammatory and autoimmune diseases has proved difficult due to the contribution of multiple interacting genes, the inherent genetic heterogeneity present in human populations, and a lack of new mouse mutants. By using N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) mutagene...
journal_title:Immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2005.01.018
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00