Abstract：
BACKGROUND:Cryptochromes (CRYs) are a class of flavoprotein blue-light signaling receptors found in plants and animals, and they control plant development and the entrainment of circadian rhythms. They also act as integral parts of the central circadian oscillator in humans and other animals. In mammals, the CLOCK-BMAL1 heterodimer activates transcription of the Per and Cry genes as well as clock-regulated genes. The PER2 proteins interact with CRY and CKIε, and the resulting ternary complexes translocate into the nucleus, where they negatively regulate the transcription of Per and Cry core clock genes and other clock-regulated output genes. Recent studies have indicated that the extended C-termini of the mammalian CRYs, as compared to photolyase proteins, interact with PER proteins. RESULTS:We identified a region on mCRY2 (between residues 493 and 512) responsible for direct physical interaction with mPER2 by mammalian two-hybrid and co-immunoprecipitation assays. Moreover, using oligonucleotide-based degenerate PCR, we discovered that mutation of Arg-501 and Lys-503 of mCRY2 within this C-terminal region totally abolishes interaction with PER2. CONCLUSIONS:Our results identify mCRY2 amino acid residues that interact with the mPER2 binding region and suggest the potential for rational drug design to inhibit CRYs for specific therapeutic approaches.
journal_name
BMC Mol Bioljournal_title
BMC molecular biologyauthors
Ozber N,Baris I,Tatlici G,Gur I,Kilinc S,Unal EB,Kavakli IHdoi
10.1186/1471-2199-11-69subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-09-14 00:00:00pages
69issn
1471-2199pii
1471-2199-11-69journal_volume
11pub_type
杂志文章abstract：BACKGROUND:Oxidative stress can induce cell injury in vascular endothelial cells, which is the initial event in the development of atherosclerosis. Although quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) has been widely used in gene expression studies in oxidative stress injuries, using carefully validated ...
journal_title：BMC molecular biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/s12867-017-0086-z
更新日期：2017-04-05 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The human adenovirus type 5 early region 1A (E1A) gene encodes proteins that are potent regulators of transcription. E1A does not bind DNA directly, but is recruited to target promoters by the interaction with sequence specific DNA binding proteins. In mammalian systems, E1A has been shown to contain two reg...
journal_title：BMC molecular biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/1471-2199-10-32
更新日期：2009-04-17 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:RA (retinoic acid) signal pathway has been proved to be required for germ cell meiotic initiation in mammals, aves and amphibians. Stra8 (Stimulated by retinoic acid gene 8) is an important factor in RA signal pathway. However, the role of RA and Stra8 in germ cell meiotic initiation in teleosts is poorly ch...
journal_title：BMC molecular biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/1471-2199-14-11
更新日期：2013-05-22 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:In spite of large intergenic spaces in plant and animal genomes, 7% to 30% of genes in the genomes encode overlapping cis-natural antisense transcripts (cis-NATs). The widespread occurrence of cis-NATs suggests an evolutionary advantage for this type of genomic arrangement. Experimental evidence for the regu...
journal_title：BMC molecular biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/1471-2199-9-6
更新日期：2008-01-14 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Invitrogen Gateway technology exploits the integrase/att site-specific recombination system for directional cloning of PCR products and the subsequent subcloning into destination vectors. One or three DNA segments can be cloned using Gateway or MultiSite Gateway respectively. A vast number of single-site Gat...
journal_title：BMC molecular biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/1471-2199-7-46
更新日期：2006-12-06 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Germline mutations in the tumor suppressor PTEN predispose human beings to breast cancer, and genetic and epigenetic alterations of PTEN are also detected in sporadic human breast cancer. Germline Pten mutations in mice lead to the development of a variety of tumors, but mammary carcinomas are infrequently f...
journal_title：BMC molecular biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/1471-2199-2-2
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) function in guiding 2'-O-methylation and pseudouridylation of ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs) and small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). In recent years, more and more snoRNAs have been found to play novel roles in mRNA regulation, such as pre-mRNA splicing or RNA editing. In our previous study, ...
journal_title：BMC molecular biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/s12867-019-0128-9
更新日期：2019-04-11 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Modulation of chromatin structure has emerged as a critical molecular device to control gene expression. Histones undergo different post-translational modifications that increase chromatin accessibility to a number of regulatory factors. Among them, histone ubiquitination appears relevant in nuclear processe...
journal_title：BMC molecular biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/1471-2199-10-55
更新日期：2009-06-05 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:It is not clear how foreign DNA molecules insert into the host genome. Recently, we have produced transgenic mice to investigate the role of the fad2 gene in the conversion of oleic acid to linoleic acid. Here we describe an integration mechanism of fad2 transgene by homologous illegitimate random integratio...
journal_title：BMC molecular biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/1471-2199-11-58
更新日期：2010-08-13 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Senescence marker protein-30 (SMP30), whose expression declines during aging in rat liver, has been proposed as an important aging marker. Besides apoptosis, SMP30 also protects cells against various other injuries by enhancement of membrane calcium-pump activity. The mechanism of this differential gene expr...
journal_title：BMC molecular biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/1471-2199-9-43
更新日期：2008-04-29 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The selection of stable and suitable reference genes for real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) is a crucial prerequisite for reliable gene expression analysis under different experimental conditions. The present study aimed to identify reference genes as internal controls for gene expression studies by RT-qPC...
journal_title：BMC molecular biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/1471-2199-13-22
更新日期：2012-06-29 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The Y chromosome of mammals is particularly prone to accumulate genes related to male fertility. However, the high rate of molecular evolution on this chromosome predicts reduced power to the across-species comparative approach in identifying male-specific genes that are essential for sperm production in hum...
journal_title：BMC molecular biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/1471-2199-11-33
更新日期：2010-05-07 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Selecting stably expressed reference genes is essential for proper reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction gene expression analysis. However, this choice is not always straightforward. In the case of differentiating human embryonic stem (hES) cells, differentiation itself introduces chan...
journal_title：BMC molecular biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/1471-2199-14-21
更新日期：2013-09-12 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Although staphylokianse (SAK) is among the most promising blood dissolving agents, it is far from ideal. It is interesting to hypothesize that the clot lysis efficacy of SAK can be enhanced with direct active platelet binding ability, and at the same time the rethrombosis complication after successful recana...
journal_title：BMC molecular biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/1471-2199-8-88
更新日期：2007-10-07 00:00:00
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journal_title：BMC molecular biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/1471-2199-11-64
更新日期：2010-08-27 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:cDNA-RDA is one of the subtractive cloning techniques used to isolate differentially expressed genes between two complex cDNA populations. In the present study we present a modification of the protocol described by Hubank and Schatz. RESULTS:In the post-hybridization mix, the 5'-ends of homoduplexes of inte...
journal_title：BMC molecular biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/1471-2199-3-6
更新日期：2002-04-24 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are found in many organisms, in which they contribute to several important biological processes. The vertebrate alpha-CA family consists of 16 subfamilies, three of which (VIII, X and XI) consist of acatalytic proteins. These are named carbonic anhydrase related proteins (CARPs), an...
journal_title：BMC molecular biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/1471-2199-11-25
更新日期：2010-03-31 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Research using the zebrafish model has experienced a rapid growth in recent years. Although real-time reverse transcription PCR (QPCR), normalized to an internal reference ("housekeeping") gene, is a frequently used method for quantifying gene expression changes in zebrafish, many commonly used housekeeping ...
journal_title：BMC molecular biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/1471-2199-9-102
更新日期：2008-11-12 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The challenge of determining amplification efficiency has long been a predominant aspect of implementing real-time qPCR, playing a critical role in the accuracy and reliability that can be achieved. Based upon analysis of amplification profile position, standard curves are currently the gold standard for amp...
journal_title：BMC molecular biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/1471-2199-9-96
更新日期：2008-10-30 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:When estimating relative transcript abundances by quantitative real-time PCR (Q-PCR) we found that the results can vary dramatically depending on the method chosen for data analysis. RESULTS:Analyses of Q-PCR results from a salmon louse starvation experiment show that, even with apparently good raw data, di...
journal_title：BMC molecular biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/1471-2199-6-10
更新日期：2005-04-26 00:00:00
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journal_title：BMC molecular biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/1471-2199-10-108
更新日期：2009-12-14 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) plays a central role in regulation of energy metabolism. Upon stimulation of testicular Sertoli cells by follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), glycolysis is activated to increase the production of nutrients for the germ cells, and a new regulatory subunit of cAMP-depen...
journal_title：BMC molecular biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/1471-2199-3-10
更新日期：2002-06-21 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) are preferentially lost in glaucoma or optic neuritis. In the present study, we investigated the protective effect of mircoRNA 100 (miR-100) against oxidative stress induced apoptosis in RGC-5 cells. RESULTS:Rat RGC-5 cells were cultured in plates and H2O2 was added to induce o...
journal_title：BMC molecular biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/s12867-014-0025-1
更新日期：2014-11-18 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:GFG/NUDT is a nudix hydrolase originally identified as the product of the fibroblast growth factor-2 antisense (FGF-AS) gene. While the FGF-AS RNA has been implicated as an antisense regulator of FGF-2 expression, the expression and function of the encoded GFG protein is largely unknown. Alternative splicing...
journal_title：BMC molecular biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/1471-2199-9-10
更新日期：2008-01-23 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Visceral leishmaniasis caused by members of the Leishmania donovani complex is often fatal in the absence of treatment. Research has been hampered by the lack of good laboratory models and tools for genetic manipulation. In this study, we have characterised a L. infantum line (JPCM5) that was isolated from a...
journal_title：BMC molecular biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/1471-2199-7-42
更新日期：2006-11-13 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Prevalence of fibroproliferative diseases, including chronic kidney disease is rapidly increasing and has become a major public health problem worldwide. Fibroproliferative diseases are characterized by increased expression of α smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) that belongs to the family of the six conserved acti...
journal_title：BMC molecular biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/s12867-017-0089-9
更新日期：2017-04-27 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Small proline rich protein (SPRR) 2A is one of 14 SPRR genes that encodes for a skin cross-linking protein, which confers structural integrity to the cornified keratinocyte cell envelope. New evidence, however, shows that SPRR2A is also a critical stress and wound repair modulator: it enables a variety of ba...
journal_title：BMC molecular biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/1471-2199-13-20
更新日期：2012-06-25 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Transient Receptor Potential Canonical 1 (TRPC1) is a widely-expressed mammalian cationic channel with functional effects that include stimulation of cardiovascular remodelling. The initial aim of this study was to investigate variation in TRPC1-encoding gene transcripts. RESULTS:Extensive TRPC1 transcript ...
journal_title：BMC molecular biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/1471-2199-12-30
更新日期：2011-07-12 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:SRY is the pivotal gene initiating male sex determination in most mammals, but how its expression is regulated is still not understood. In this study we derived novel SRY 5' flanking genomic sequence data from bovine and caprine genomic BAC clones. RESULTS:We identified four intervals of high homology upstr...
journal_title：BMC molecular biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/1471-2199-9-85
更新日期：2008-10-14 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Myocyte stress 1 (MS1) is a striated muscle actin binding protein required for the muscle specific activity of the evolutionary ancient myocardin related transcription factor (MRTF)/serum response factor (SRF) transcriptional pathway. To date, little is known about the molecular mechanisms that govern skelet...
journal_title：BMC molecular biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/1471-2199-9-50
更新日期：2008-05-19 00:00:00
