Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Research using the zebrafish model has experienced a rapid growth in recent years. Although real-time reverse transcription PCR (QPCR), normalized to an internal reference ("housekeeping") gene, is a frequently used method for quantifying gene expression changes in zebrafish, many commonly used housekeeping genes are known to vary with experimental conditions. To identify housekeeping genes that are stably expressed under different experimental conditions, and thus suitable as normalizers for QPCR in zebrafish, the present study evaluated the expression of eight commonly used housekeeping genes as a function of stage and hormone/toxicant exposure during development, and by tissue type and sex in adult fish. RESULTS:QPCR analysis was used to quantify mRNA levels of bactin1, tubulin alpha 1(tuba1), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gapdh), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (g6pd), TATA-box binding protein (tbp), beta-2-microglobulin (b2m), elongation factor 1 alpha (elfa), and 18s ribosomal RNA (18s) during development (2 - 120 hr postfertilization, hpf); in different tissue types (brain, eye, liver, heart, muscle, gonads) of adult males and females; and after treatment of embryos/larvae (24 - 96 hpf) with commonly used vehicles for administration and agents that represent known environmental endocrine disruptors. All genes were found to have some degree of variability under the conditions tested here. Rank ordering of expression stability using geNorm analysis identified 18s, b2m, and elfa as most stable during development and across tissue types, while gapdh, tuba1, and tpb were the most variable. Following chemical treatment, tuba1, bactin1, and elfa were the most stably expressed whereas tbp, 18s, and b2m were the least stable. Data also revealed sex differences that are gene- and tissue-specific, and treatment effects that are gene-, vehicle- and ligand-specific. When the accuracy of QPCR analysis was tested using different reference genes to measure suppression of cyp19a1b by an estrogen receptor antagonist and induction of cyp1a by an arylhydrocarbon receptor agonist, the direction and magnitude of effects with stable and unstable genes differed. CONCLUSION:This study provides data that can be expected to aid zebrafish researchers in their initial choice of housekeeping genes for future studies, but underlines the importance of further validating housekeeping genes for each new experimental paradigm and fish species.
journal_name
BMC Mol Bioljournal_title
BMC molecular biologyauthors
McCurley AT,Callard GVdoi
10.1186/1471-2199-9-102subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-11-12 00:00:00pages
102issn
1471-2199pii
1471-2199-9-102journal_volume
9pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:Trichomonosis, caused by Trichomonas vaginalis, is the number one, nonviral sexually transmitted infection that has adverse consequences for the health of women and children. The interaction of T. vaginalis with vaginal epithelial cells (VECs), a step preparatory to infection, is mediated in part by the prom...
journal_title:BMC molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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abstract:BACKGROUND:Although the complete genome sequences of a large number of organisms have been determined, the exact proteomes need to be characterized. More specifically, the extent to which post-translational processes such as proteolysis affect the synthesized proteins has remained unappreciated. We examined this issue ...
journal_title:BMC molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2012-12-10 00:00:00
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journal_title:BMC molecular biology
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更新日期:2013-05-22 00:00:00
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journal_title:BMC molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2199-8-27
更新日期:2007-04-12 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2199-8-78
更新日期:2007-09-17 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2199-3-6
更新日期:2002-04-24 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2199-8-112
更新日期:2007-12-19 00:00:00
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journal_title:BMC molecular biology
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doi:10.1186/s12867-015-0043-7
更新日期:2015-09-05 00:00:00
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journal_title:BMC molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12867-016-0075-7
更新日期:2016-11-04 00:00:00
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journal_title:BMC molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2199-12-31
更新日期:2011-07-19 00:00:00
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journal_title:BMC molecular biology
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更新日期:2007-06-22 00:00:00
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更新日期:2015-02-14 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2006-12-06 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:BMC molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2008-10-14 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2016-12-09 00:00:00
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journal_title:BMC molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2199-10-55
更新日期:2009-06-05 00:00:00
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journal_title:BMC molecular biology
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更新日期:2009-03-04 00:00:00
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journal_title:BMC molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2199-6-2
更新日期:2005-01-19 00:00:00
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更新日期:2019-04-11 00:00:00
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更新日期:2010-05-07 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) are preferentially lost in glaucoma or optic neuritis. In the present study, we investigated the protective effect of mircoRNA 100 (miR-100) against oxidative stress induced apoptosis in RGC-5 cells. RESULTS:Rat RGC-5 cells were cultured in plates and H2O2 was added to induce o...
journal_title:BMC molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2014-11-18 00:00:00