Small RNAs and the regulation of cis-natural antisense transcripts in Arabidopsis.

abstract：BACKGROUND:Double-strand breakage of chromosomal DNA is obviously a serious threat to cells because various activities of the chromosome depend on its integrity. However, recent experiments suggest that such breakage may occur frequently during "normal" growth in various organisms - from bacteria through vertebrates, p...

journal_title：BMC molecular biology

authors： Handa N,Kobayashi I

更新日期：2003-04-28 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The human adenovirus type 5 early region 1A (E1A) gene encodes proteins that are potent regulators of transcription. E1A does not bind DNA directly, but is recruited to target promoters by the interaction with sequence specific DNA binding proteins. In mammalian systems, E1A has been shown to contain two reg...

journal_title：BMC molecular biology

authors： Yousef AF,Brandl CJ,Mymryk JS

更新日期：2009-04-17 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Pseudo-nitzschia multiseries Hasle (Hasle) (Ps-n) is distinctive among the ecologically important marine diatoms because it produces the neurotoxin domoic acid. Although the biology of Ps-n has been investigated intensely, the characterization of the genes and biochemical pathways leading to domoic acid bios...

journal_title：BMC molecular biology

authors： Boissonneault KR,Henningsen BM,Bates SS,Robertson DL,Milton S,Pelletier J,Hogan DA,Housman DE

更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:CCAAT/Enhancer Binding Proteindelta (C/EBPdelta) is a member of the highly conserved C/EBP family of leucine zipper (bZIP) proteins. C/EBPdelta is highly expressed in G0 growth arrested mammary epithelial cells (MECs) and "loss of function" alterations in C/EBPdelta have been associated with impaired contact...

journal_title：BMC molecular biology

authors： Zhang Y,Liu T,Yan P,Huang T,Dewille J

更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Heart and lung transplantation is frequently the only therapeutic option for patients with end stage cardio respiratory disease. Organ donation post brain stem death (BSD) is a pre-requisite, yet BSD itself causes such severe damage that many organs offered for donation are unusable, with lung being the orga...

journal_title：BMC molecular biology

authors： Passmore M,Nataatmadja M,Fraser JF

更新日期：2009-07-23 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Single-stranded DNA-binding proteins are essential cellular components required for the protection, metabolism and processing of single-stranded DNA. Human single-stranded DNA-binding protein 1 (hSSB1) is one such protein, with described roles in genome stability maintenance and transcriptional regulation. A...

journal_title：BMC molecular biology

authors： Ashton NW,Loo D,Paquet N,O'Byrne KJ,Richard DJ

更新日期：2016-12-09 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The selection of stable and suitable reference genes for real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) is a crucial prerequisite for reliable gene expression analysis under different experimental conditions. The present study aimed to identify reference genes as internal controls for gene expression studies by RT-qPC...

journal_title：BMC molecular biology

authors： Li QQ,Skinner J,Bennett JE

更新日期：2012-06-29 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Traumatic brain injury models are widely studied, especially through gene expression, either to further understand implied biological mechanisms or to assess the efficiency of potential therapies. A large number of biological pathways are affected in brain trauma models, whose elucidation might greatly benef...

journal_title：BMC molecular biology

authors： Rhinn H,Marchand-Leroux C,Croci N,Plotkine M,Scherman D,Escriou V

更新日期：2008-07-08 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Germline mutations in the tumor suppressor PTEN predispose human beings to breast cancer, and genetic and epigenetic alterations of PTEN are also detected in sporadic human breast cancer. Germline Pten mutations in mice lead to the development of a variety of tumors, but mammary carcinomas are infrequently f...

journal_title：BMC molecular biology

authors： Li Y,Podsypanina K,Liu X,Crane A,Tan LK,Parsons R,Varmus HE

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Macrophages (Mtheta) play a central role in the innate immune response and in the pathology of chronic inflammatory diseases. Macrophages treated with Th2-type cytokines such as Interleukin-4 (IL-4) and Interleukin-13 (IL-13) exhibit an altered phenotype and such alternatively activated macrophages are impor...

journal_title：BMC molecular biology

authors： Liddiard K,Welch JS,Lozach J,Heinz S,Glass CK,Greaves DR

更新日期：2006-11-29 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Gene conversion depends upon the same factors that carry out more general process of homologous recombination, including homologous gene targeting and recombinational repair. Among these are the RAD51 paralogs, conserved factors related to the key recombination factor, RAD51. In chicken and other fowl, gene ...

journal_title：BMC molecular biology

authors： Ordinario EC,Yabuki M,Handa P,Cummings WJ,Maizels N

更新日期：2009-10-28 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Conserved two-component system ColRS of Pseudomonas genus has been implicated in several unrelated phenotypes. For instance, deficiency of P. putida ColRS system results in lowered phenol tolerance, hindrance of transposition of Tn4652 and lysis of a subpopulation of glucose-grown bacteria. In order to disco...

journal_title：BMC molecular biology

authors： Kivistik PA,Kivi R,Kivisaar M,Hõrak R

更新日期：2009-05-16 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-protein-coding RNA species that have a regulatory function in modulating protein translation and degradation of specific mRNAs. MicroRNAs are estimated to target approximately 60% of all human mRNAs and are associated with the regulation of all physiological processes. Simila...

journal_title：BMC molecular biology

authors： Tonge DP,Gant TW

更新日期：2016-02-09 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Cdc23/Mcm10 is required for the initiation and elongation steps of DNA replication but its biochemical function is unclear. Here, we probe its function using a novel approach in fission yeast, involving Cdc23 cleavage by the TEV protease. RESULTS:Insertion of a TEV protease cleavage site into Cdc23 allows i...

journal_title：BMC molecular biology

authors： Yang X,Gregan J,Lindner K,Young H,Kearsey SE

更新日期：2005-06-07 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Although the complete genome sequences of a large number of organisms have been determined, the exact proteomes need to be characterized. More specifically, the extent to which post-translational processes such as proteolysis affect the synthesized proteins has remained unappreciated. We examined this issue ...

journal_title：BMC molecular biology

authors： Kumar R,Musiyenko A,Oldenburg A,Adams B,Barik S

更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Nucleosomes are nucleoproteic complexes, formed of eight histone molecules and DNA, and they are responsible for the compaction of the eukaryotic genome. Their presence on DNA influences many cellular processes, such as transcription, DNA replication, and DNA repair. The evolutionarily conserved histone vari...

journal_title：BMC molecular biology

authors： Gervais AL,Gaudreau L

更新日期：2009-03-04 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Physical exercise can improve brain function by altering brain gene expression. The expression mechanisms underlying the brain's response to exercise still remain unknown. miRNAs as vital regulators of gene expression may be involved in regulation of brain genes in response to exercise. However, as yet, very...

journal_title：BMC molecular biology

authors： Zhao Y,Zhang A,Wang Y,Hu S,Zhang R,Qian S

更新日期：2019-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Oxidative stress can induce cell injury in vascular endothelial cells, which is the initial event in the development of atherosclerosis. Although quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) has been widely used in gene expression studies in oxidative stress injuries, using carefully validated ...

journal_title：BMC molecular biology

authors： Li T,Diao H,Zhao L,Xing Y,Zhang J,Liu N,Yan Y,Tian X,Sun W,Liu B

更新日期：2017-04-05 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Selecting stably expressed reference genes is essential for proper reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction gene expression analysis. However, this choice is not always straightforward. In the case of differentiating human embryonic stem (hES) cells, differentiation itself introduces chan...

journal_title：BMC molecular biology

authors： Vossaert L,O'Leary T,Van Neste C,Heindryckx B,Vandesompele J,De Sutter P,Deforce D

更新日期：2013-09-12 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) function in guiding 2'-O-methylation and pseudouridylation of ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs) and small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). In recent years, more and more snoRNAs have been found to play novel roles in mRNA regulation, such as pre-mRNA splicing or RNA editing. In our previous study, ...

journal_title：BMC molecular biology

authors： Wu B,Huang L,Qiu W,Liu X,Shen Y,Lu Y,Yang Z,Li X,Cui B,Xu S,Qiao H,Qiu R,Yao L,Kan Y,Li D

更新日期：2019-04-11 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) plays a central role in regulation of energy metabolism. Upon stimulation of testicular Sertoli cells by follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), glycolysis is activated to increase the production of nutrients for the germ cells, and a new regulatory subunit of cAMP-depen...

journal_title：BMC molecular biology

authors： Dahle MK,Taskén K,Taskén KA

更新日期：2002-06-21 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The challenge of determining amplification efficiency has long been a predominant aspect of implementing real-time qPCR, playing a critical role in the accuracy and reliability that can be achieved. Based upon analysis of amplification profile position, standard curves are currently the gold standard for amp...

journal_title：BMC molecular biology

authors： Rutledge RG,Stewart D

更新日期：2008-10-30 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Although much is known about molecular mechanisms that prevent re-initiation of DNA replication on newly replicated DNA during a single cell cycle, knowledge is sparse regarding the regions that are most susceptible to re-replication when those mechanisms are bypassed and regarding the extents to which check...

journal_title：BMC molecular biology

authors： Mickle KL,Oliva A,Huberman JA,Leatherwood J

更新日期：2007-12-21 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Previous studies suggest that human RAD9 (hRad9), encoding a DNA damage checkpoint molecule, which is frequently amplified in epithelial tumor cells of breast, lung, head and neck cancer, participates in regulation of the tumor suppressor p53-dependent transactivation of pro-survival P21WAF1. This study exam...

journal_title：BMC molecular biology

authors： Ishikawa K,Ishii H,Murakumo Y,Mimori K,Kobayashi M,Yamamoto K,Mori M,Nishino H,Furukawa Y,Ichimura K

更新日期：2007-05-21 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The Y chromosome of mammals is particularly prone to accumulate genes related to male fertility. However, the high rate of molecular evolution on this chromosome predicts reduced power to the across-species comparative approach in identifying male-specific genes that are essential for sperm production in hum...

journal_title：BMC molecular biology

authors： Lopes AM,Miguel RN,Sargent CA,Ellis PJ,Amorim A,Affara NA

更新日期：2010-05-07 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:We reported previously that the cardiac troponin I (cTnI) promoter drives cardiac-specific expression of reporter genes in cardiac muscle cells and in transgenic mice, and that disruption of GATA elements inactivates the cTnI promoter in cultured cardiomyocytes. We have now examined the role of cTnI promoter...

journal_title：BMC molecular biology

authors： Di Lisi R,Picard A,Ausoni S,Schiaffino S

更新日期：2007-09-17 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Alternative splicing is often subjected to complex regulatory control that involves many protein factors and cis-acting RNA sequence elements. One major challenge is to identify all of the protein players and define how they control alternative expression of a particular exon in a combinatorial manner. The M...

journal_title：BMC molecular biology

authors： Fleming VA,Geng C,Ladd AN,Lou H

更新日期：2012-12-10 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are found in many organisms, in which they contribute to several important biological processes. The vertebrate alpha-CA family consists of 16 subfamilies, three of which (VIII, X and XI) consist of acatalytic proteins. These are named carbonic anhydrase related proteins (CARPs), an...

journal_title：BMC molecular biology

authors： Aspatwar A,Tolvanen ME,Parkkila S

更新日期：2010-03-31 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) NS5 is a viral nonstructural protein that carries both methyltransferase and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) domains. It is a key component of the viral RNA replicase complex that presumably includes other viral nonstructural and cellular proteins. The biochemical proper...

journal_title：BMC molecular biology

authors： Kim YG,Yoo JS,Kim JH,Kim CM,Oh JW

更新日期：2007-07-11 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Core promoters are cis-regulatory modules to which bind the basal transcriptional machinery and which participate in the regulation of transcription initiation. Although core promoters have not been extensively investigated through functional assays in a chromosomal context, the available data suggested that...

journal_title：BMC molecular biology

authors： Garcia AC,Gitaí DL,Humann FC,Paçó-Larson ML,Monesi N

更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00