Abstract:
:This study evaluates the presence, location and production source of tetrodotoxin (TTX) in two species of pufferfish, Diodon histrix and Arothron hispidus, common to Hawaiian waters. Organs from each fish were analysed for TTX and used to isolate bacteria for evaluation of possible TTX production. Comparative analyses of extracts of fish and bacterial culture media were performed with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and a sodium channel specific bioassay. Bacterial cultivation experiments were performed in two different growth media and bacteria were identified through sequence homology of the 16S rRNA gene. Forty-two and forty-seven distinct strains were cultivated from D. histrix and A. hispidus, respectively. However, no commonality was found between the populations of bacteria isolated from the two fish. TTX was detected only in A. hispidus and was present in the flesh, pectoral fin and kidneys, as well as the skin slime. Sixteen of the forty-seven bacterial species isolated from A. hispidus were cultivated for further evaluation of TTX production. Among these sixteen bacterial species, Vibrio harveyi strains isolated from the skin slime and kidneys of A. hispidus were found to produce TTX, being the source of TTX produced in the pufferfish.
journal_name
Nat Prod Resjournal_title
Natural product researchauthors
Campbell S,Harada RM,DeFelice SV,Bienfang PK,Li QXdoi
10.1080/14786410903003780subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-01-01 00:00:00pages
1630-40issue
17eissn
1478-6419issn
1478-6427pii
916136880journal_volume
23pub_type
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