Bacterial production of tetrodotoxin in the pufferfish Arothron hispidus.

Abstract:

:This study evaluates the presence, location and production source of tetrodotoxin (TTX) in two species of pufferfish, Diodon histrix and Arothron hispidus, common to Hawaiian waters. Organs from each fish were analysed for TTX and used to isolate bacteria for evaluation of possible TTX production. Comparative analyses of extracts of fish and bacterial culture media were performed with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and a sodium channel specific bioassay. Bacterial cultivation experiments were performed in two different growth media and bacteria were identified through sequence homology of the 16S rRNA gene. Forty-two and forty-seven distinct strains were cultivated from D. histrix and A. hispidus, respectively. However, no commonality was found between the populations of bacteria isolated from the two fish. TTX was detected only in A. hispidus and was present in the flesh, pectoral fin and kidneys, as well as the skin slime. Sixteen of the forty-seven bacterial species isolated from A. hispidus were cultivated for further evaluation of TTX production. Among these sixteen bacterial species, Vibrio harveyi strains isolated from the skin slime and kidneys of A. hispidus were found to produce TTX, being the source of TTX produced in the pufferfish.

journal_name

Nat Prod Res

journal_title

Natural product research

authors

Campbell S,Harada RM,DeFelice SV,Bienfang PK,Li QX

doi

10.1080/14786410903003780

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2009-01-01 00:00:00

pages

1630-40

issue

17

eissn

1478-6419

issn

1478-6427

pii

916136880

journal_volume

23

pub_type

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