Animal experimentation--a personal view.

abstract：:Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a major cause of visual impairment in the United States. Currently there is no effective cure for this disease. Risk factors include decreased lutein and zeaxanthin status and obesity. Obesity is also an increasing public health concern. The alarming increase in the prevalence...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Johnson EJ

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In a recent case-control study of 164 patients with clinically diagnosed Alzheimer's disease (AD), including 76 patients with the AD diagnosis confirmed postmortem, mean total serum homocysteine concentration was found to be significantly higher than that of a control group of elderly individuals with no evidence of c...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Miller JW

更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chylomicrons have a suppressive effect on food consumption, which is attributed to apolipoprotein A-IV (apo A-IV). This protein is found in cerebrospinal fluid in vivo, and its infusion into the third ventricle of the brain reduces food intake. These findings suggest that this apolipoprotein operates through the centr...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Merrill AH Jr

更新日期：1993-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) consists of a family of isozymes that convert alcohols to their corresponding aldehydes using NAD+ as a cofactor. The metabolism of ethanol by gastrointestinal ADH isozymes results in the production of acetaldehyde, a highly toxic compound that binds to cellular protein and DNA if not furth...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Seitz HK,Oneta CM

更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A recent randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial found that protein supplementation improved recovery from femoral fractures in an elderly population. A 6-month course of protein supplementation (20 g/day, 5 days/week) improved serum prealbumin and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) concentrations, minimi...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Porter KH,Johnson MA

更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recently, the high responsiveness of omental adipocytes to positive lipolytic stimuli has been clearly demonstrated in women. We conclude that adipose tissue fatty acid release, storage capacity, and secreted cytokines may all be involved in the etiology of the metabolic syndrome. The anatomical location of visceral a...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Tchernof A

更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Body adiposity is known to be carefully regulated and to remain relatively stable for long periods of time in most mammalian species. This review summarizes old and recent data implicating insulin and leptin as key circulating signals to the central nervous system, particularly the ventral hypothalamus, in communicati...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Porte D Jr,Baskin DG,Schwartz MW

更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent data on the expression and function of the ZIP family of proteins has suggested that these zinc transporters may be useful biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of human breast cancer. This exciting new area of research opens the door for the use of a variety of nutritionally regulated genes and proteins a...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Levenson CW,Somers RC

更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It has been nearly 15 years since the first review on pregnancy and iron deficiency was published in Nutrition Reviews. Many unresolved issues raised in that seminal review have been addressed. New proteins involved in nonheme and heme iron transport have been identified in the enterocyte, and information on the roles...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Cao C,O'Brien KO

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cruciferous vegetables are widely acknowledged to provide chemopreventive benefits in humans, but they are not generally consumed at levels that effect significant change in biomarkers of health. Because consumers have embraced the notion that dietary supplements may prevent disease, this review considers whether an a...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Houghton CA,Fassett RG,Coombes JS

更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In 2017, an estimated 1 in every 4 (23%) children aged < 5 years were stunted worldwide. With slow progress in stunting reduction in many regions and the realization that a large proportion of stunting is not due to insufficient diet or diarrhea alone, it remains that other factors must explain continued growth falter...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Budge S,Parker AH,Hutchings PT,Garbutt C

更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Energy drinks are increasingly popular among athletes and others. Advertising for these products typically features images conjuring great muscle power and endurance; however, the scientific literature provides sparse evidence for an ergogenic role of energy drinks. Although the composition of energy drinks varies, mo...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Mora-Rodriguez R,Pallarés JG

更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Metabolic Syndrome, also known as Syndrome X, refers to a constellation of atherosclerotic risk factors, including insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, dyslipidemia, essential hypertension, and abdominal obesity. We review four major published studies involving animals and humans that may be linked together in a ...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Roth JL,Mobarhan S,Clohisy M

更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：CONTEXT:Previous meta-analyses evaluating the association between nut consumption and the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) had substantial methodological limitations and lacked recently published large prospective studies; hence, making an updated meta-analysis highly desirable. OBJECTIVE:To update the clinical gu...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Becerra-Tomás N,Paz-Graniel I,W C Kendall C,Kahleova H,Rahelić D,Sievenpiper JL,Salas-Salvadó J

更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The latter half of the 20th century has witnessed rapid advances in medicine. Concurrently, secular trends in lifestyle practices in our increasingly sedentary society have led to burgeoning rates of obesity, metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes. The number of Americans with type 2 diabetes more than doubled betwee...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Pradhan A

更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an age-dependent degeneration of motor neurons in the central nervous system. ALS is not caused by faulty nutrition. Recent data suggest that ALS could be an oxidative neurotoxicity induced by a mutation in the SOD1 protein. This finding extends beyond the simple loss of an antio...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Harris ED

更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glucokinase plays a major role in the control of hepatic glucose uptake and storage as glycogen. Small amounts of fructose-1-phosphate, in the presence of relatively high glucose levels, markedly stimulate glucokinase through a novel mechanism of regulation involving dissociation from a regulatory protein and transloc...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Watford M

更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Anthocyanins are a group of bioactive compounds present in plant foods. Although they have consistently shown an anti-inflammatory effect both in vitro and in vivo, their mechanisms of action are not fully understood and have only recently begun to be elucidated. The aim of this review is to highlight the anti-inflamm...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Vendrame S,Klimis-Zacas D

更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The prevalence of anemia decreased from 62% to 12% and from 57% to 26% in children 5 to 11 years of age in two rural primary schools in Kampot Province, Cambodia, after oral weekly supplementation with iron-folic acid tablets for 20 weeks and with vitamin A and mebendazole twice per year. In 12- to 15-year-old childre...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Longfils P,Heang UK,Soeng H,Sinuon M

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Manganese is an essential nutrient that also may be toxic at high concentrations. Subjects chronically exposed to manganese-laden dust in industrial settings develop neuropsychological changes that resemble Parkinson's disease. Manganese has been proposed as an additive to gasoline (as a replacement for the catalytic ...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Finley JW

更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Several studies have indicated that omega-3 poly-unsaturated fatty acids in fish oil have protective effects on cardiovascular disease by reducing vascular endothelial inflammation in atherosclerosis. In a recent study, supplementation of patients with fish oil following coronary angioplasty elevated levels of lipid p...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Meydani M

更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:The primary aim of the current study was to synthesize evidence of the effect of social media use compared with no social media use as part of interventions to reduce risk factors for noncommunicable diseases. DATA SOURCES:Databases were searched up to June 10, 2014, using medical subject headings. A seconda...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Mita G,Ni Mhurchu C,Jull A

更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Meta-analyses on 6 of 12 studies of the effect of improvement of the vitamin A status of deficient children living in poverty and social and biological deprivation conclude that mortality reduction can be expected. The demonstrated effects on incidence, prevalence and severity of specific morbidities under these condi...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Underwood BA

更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Restriction of copper intake during lactation and postlactation periods reduced T cells and increased interleukin-2 receptors in isolated splenocytes from male, but not female, rats. However, a reduced in vitro proliferative response to phytohemagglutin (PHA) was seen in both male and female Cu-deficient rats. These f...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors：

更新日期：1992-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Health claims for foods are permitted in an increasing number of countries, but there are very few studies evaluating their effect on purchase behavior and consumer health. There are significant differences between countries but, in general, consumers see health claims as useful; they prefer short, succinct wording ra...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Williams P

更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The complementary feeding period, when solids and liquids other than breast milk and formula are added to the infant diet, is an important development window shaping infant growth and weight gain, metabolic development, and lifelong eating practices. Yet, relatively little is known about how the timing and types of fo...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Thompson AL

更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The role of maternal vitamin A supplements in decreasing the risk of mother-to-child HIV transmission has been examined in sub-Saharan Africa. Overall, there is no reduction in either mortality or HIV transmission in two recent studies. Contrary to expectations, one study reported an increased risk of transmission usi...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Stephensen CB

更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The European Union is implementing a new regulatory framework for nutrition and health claims (HCs) that will greatly impact the communication of health messages on foodstuffs. In particular, approved HCs will be included in a positive register of generic claims. In the currently available literature, assessment of th...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Mariotti F,Kalonji E,Huneau JF,Margaritis I

更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The identity of the protein responsible for hemochromatosis, the iron overload disease, has eluded scientists for years. However, a recent report identifies the gene where the hemochromatosis defect lies. It is a gene that encodes a major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class-1-like protein called HLA-H. The mechanis...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Fleet JC

更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Among dietary factors implicated in the development of colorectal cancer (CRC), the inverse relationship between vegetable and fruit consumption and CRC risk has long been believed to represent the strongest epidemiologic evidence. However, recently published large prospective studies have produced conflicting results...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Kim YI

更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00