Small amounts of dietary fructose dramatically increase hepatic glucose uptake through a novel mechanism of glucokinase activation.

abstract：CONTEXT:Serotonergic dysfunction, including reduced central serotonin levels, is associated with different psychiatric syndromes, including depression. As a serotonin precursor, 5-hydroxytryptophan has long been used as a nonpharmacological treatment for depression. OBJECTIVE:A systematic review and meta-analysis was ...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Javelle F,Lampit A,Bloch W,Häussermann P,Johnson SL,Zimmer P

更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vascular defects associated with dietary copper deficiency may result from altered interactions between vascular smooth muscle cells and nitric oxide. ...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors：

更新日期：1993-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The sequence of repair of fat deficiency symptoms depends on whether linoleate or arachidonate is used in treatment, although both methods lead to an increase in arachidonate. Arachidonate is less rapidly oxidized and more rapidly incorporated into phospholipid. ...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors：

更新日期：1966-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The development of our understanding of the function of vitamin D from its discovery in the second and third decades of the 20(th) century to its hormonal activation of its nuclear receptor and to its present position of an important factor in public health has been traced. The key discoveries of the conversion of vit...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： DeLuca HF

更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Among the numerous polyphenols isolated from green tea, the catechin EGCG predominates and is the target of anticancer research. But studies suggest that EGCG and other catechins are poorly absorbed and undergo substantial biotransformation to species that include glucuronides, sulfates, and methylated compounds. Nume...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Moyers SB,Kumar NB

更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Worldwide, the number of individuals who are co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and tuberculosis is increasing greatly. The "triple trouble" of HIV and tuberculosis infection and malnutrition may put those infected at greater risk than those with any of the three conditions alone. Further investigatio...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： van Lettow M,Fawzi WW,Semba RD

更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It has become increasingly evident in recent years that the gut microbiome and the brain communicate in a bidirectional manner, with each possibly affecting the other's functions. Substantial research has aimed to understand the mechanisms of this interaction and to outline strategies for preventing or treating nervou...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Mohajeri MH,La Fata G,Steinert RE,Weber P

更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We present a case of the eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome in a patient taking large doses of L-tryptophan for sedation. He developed the now-classic findings of myalgias, skin changes, and marked eosinophilia. This syndrome was first recognized in late 1989, and epidemiologic studies have demonstrated an association of t...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Shocket ID,Golar K

更新日期：1990-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) plays a causal role in atherosclerosis. One way to reduce LDL-C levels is to inhibit cholesterol absorption. Plant sterols and stanols compete with cholesterol for absorption in the intestine and induce an average decrease in LDL-C by 5% to 15% in a dose-dependent manner, bu...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Fumeron F,Bard JM,Lecerf JM

更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mammalian cells use an exquisitely sensitive mechanism to control the amount of cholesterol and fatty acids in their membranes. This process relies on a feedback system that adjusts the rates of transcription of genes encoding the low density lipoprotein receptor and multiple enzymes in the cholesterol and fatty acid ...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Brown MS,Goldstein JL

更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fetal malnutrition has been associated with maturational defect in cell metabolism. A series of studies on anthropometric and clinical aspects of patients with intrauterine malnutrition was conducted to establish the relationship between intrauterine growth failure and cell function. The 1st study assessed intrauter...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors：

更新日期：1973-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Second International Conference on Nutrition, organized by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and the World Health Organization, will take place in November 2014. In 1992, the First International Conference on Nutrition declared, "Hunger and malnutrition are unacceptable." Twenty-two years...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Traill WB,Mazzocchi M,Shankar B,Hallam D

更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Risks for gastric cancer in relation to diet and other environmental factors are receiving renewed attention. New developments include the emerging relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection and an increased risk for gastric cancer, and positive results of chemoprevention trials in decreasing gastric cancer ri...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Hwang H,Dwyer J,Russell RM

更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：CONTEXT:The ability to measure the gut microbiome led to a surge in understanding and knowledge of its role in health and disease. The diet is a source of fuel for and influencer of composition of the microbiome. OBJECTIVE:To assess the understanding of the interactions between nutrition and the gut microbiome in heal...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Frame LA,Costa E,Jackson SA

更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Evidence mapping is a useful methodology for characterizing existing research on a broad topic and identifying gaps in the scientific literature. Evidence mapping entails conducting a systematic literature search and extracting information on study details, often in the form of a database. Researchers at Tufts Univers...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： McKeown NM,Livingston KA,Sawicki CM,Miller KB

更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In a recent case-control study of 164 patients with clinically diagnosed Alzheimer's disease (AD), including 76 patients with the AD diagnosis confirmed postmortem, mean total serum homocysteine concentration was found to be significantly higher than that of a control group of elderly individuals with no evidence of c...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Miller JW

更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Metabolic Syndrome, also known as Syndrome X, refers to a constellation of atherosclerotic risk factors, including insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, dyslipidemia, essential hypertension, and abdominal obesity. We review four major published studies involving animals and humans that may be linked together in a ...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Roth JL,Mobarhan S,Clohisy M

更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Thermal injury in animal models clearly alters glucose metabolism. Insulin resistance results, with the wound in the skin receiving increased glucose, presumably to be used for wound healing and fighting invasion by foreign organisms. Using the whole-body imaging capacities of PET, it may now be possible to explore in...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Carter EA

更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There is much (renewed) interest about the effects of salicylates on food intolerance, attention-deficit disorders, and cardiovascular disease. Current evidence for the efficacy of salicylate-elimination diets in the treatment of attention-deficit disorders and hyperactivity is weak, and further investigation is requi...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Perry CA,Dwyer J,Gelfand JA,Couris RR,McCloskey WW

更新日期：1996-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Current US guidelines for cholesterol recommend limiting intake of cholesterol to <300 mg/day for the general population and <200 mg/day for individuals with elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. These recommendations, however, are at odds with international (e.g., Canada, United Kingdom, and Australia) guidel...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Brownawell AM,Falk MC

更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Disagreement about the use of animals in biomedical research has resulted in absurd positions by both sides. Increasingly, some zealots against animal experimentation have resorted to violence or other illegal acts to support their points of view. The value of animal research in providing better health for man and ani...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Gershoff SN

更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Combining data from two large-scale prospective observational studies in women and men, investigators link the consumption of fruits and vegetables to the risk of ischemic stroke. Of interest is their breakdown of these foods into cruciferous vegetables and citrus fruit juice, which confer the greatest protection. ...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Feldman EB

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Probiotics and prebiotics have long been appreciated for their positive influences on gut health. Research on the mechanisms and effects of these agents shows that their impact reaches beyond the intestine. Effects on the microecology and pathology of the oral cavity, stomach, and vaginal tract have been observed. Lik...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Lenoir-Wijnkoop I,Sanders ME,Cabana MD,Caglar E,Corthier G,Rayes N,Sherman PM,Timmerman HM,Vaneechoutte M,Van Loo J,Wolvers DA

更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rather than being an inevitable consequence of age, cognitive decline can occur with marked variation among individuals. In this context, nutrition is one factor that is believed to be influential. When considering the potential role of diet, two factors need to be considered. First, cognitive or brain reserve is said...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Benton D

更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The complementary feeding period, when solids and liquids other than breast milk and formula are added to the infant diet, is an important development window shaping infant growth and weight gain, metabolic development, and lifelong eating practices. Yet, relatively little is known about how the timing and types of fo...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Thompson AL

更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Studies of germ-free and conventional mice revealed that the intestinal bacterial population of the latter contributed to the provision of calories to the host by hydrolysis of indigestible plant polysaccharides to absorbable monosaccharides. The gut microbiota at the same time caused the suppression of a circulating ...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Wolf G

更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent findings indicate that cocoa and chocolate, when processed appropriately, may contain relatively large amounts of flavonoids, particularly catechin and epicatechin. We review the benefits of these flavonoids, specifically with regard to cardiovascular health, and raise several unresolved issues that suggest the...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Ariefdjohan MW,Savaiano DA

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Convincing epidemiologic evidence currently exists for an association between physical activity and the prevention of colon and breast cancer Physical activity may also reduce the risk of cancer at several other sites. With increasing research on this topic, it is apparent that studies of physical activity and cancer ...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Friedenreich CM

更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Federal home-delivered meals programs for the frail elderly began in the United States in the 1970s, and during the 1980s the provision of meals to the homebound elderly has been expanded through development of state-funded meals programs. The time has now come to pose two questions relative to coverage and program im...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Roe DA

更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A group of heterocyclic amines that are mutagens and rodent carcinogens form when meat is cooked to medium and well-done states. The precursors of these compounds are natural meat components: creatinine, amino acids, and sugars. Defined model systems of dry-heated precursors mimic the amounts and proportions of hetero...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Knize MG,Felton JS

更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00