Baseless assumptions: activation of TLR9 by DNA.

abstract：:The kinases RIPK1 and RIPK3 and the pseudo-kinase MLKL have been identified as key regulators of the necroptotic cell death pathway, although a role for MLKL within the whole animal has not yet been established. Here, we have shown that MLKL deficiency rescued the embryonic lethality caused by loss of Caspase-8 or FAD...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Alvarez-Diaz S,Dillon CP,Lalaoui N,Tanzer MC,Rodriguez DA,Lin A,Lebois M,Hakem R,Josefsson EC,O'Reilly LA,Silke J,Alexander WS,Green DR,Strasser A

更新日期：2016-09-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Manipulation of cell death pathways has been identified as a common feature of host-microbe interactions. We examine two examples: influenza A as a representative acute infection and cytomegalovirus as an example of chronic infection. From the perspective of viral entry, replication, and transmission, we identify poin...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Yatim N,Albert ML

更新日期：2011-10-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Notch proteins are cell surface receptors that mediate developmental cell specification events. To explore the function of murine Notch1, an essential portion of the gene was flanked with loxP sites and inactivation induced via interferon-regulated Cre recombinase. Mice with a neonatally induced loss of Notch1 functio...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Radtke F,Wilson A,Stark G,Bauer M,van Meerwijk J,MacDonald HR,Aguet M

更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The peptidoglycan sensor Nod2 and the autophagy protein ATG16L1 have been linked to Crohn's disease (CD). Although Nod2 and the related sensor, Nod1, direct ATG16L1 to initiate anti-bacterial autophagy, whether ATG16L1 affects Nod-driven inflammation has not been examined. Here, we uncover an unanticipated autophagy-i...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Sorbara MT,Ellison LK,Ramjeet M,Travassos LH,Jones NL,Girardin SE,Philpott DJ

更新日期：2013-11-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Mouse NK cells express at least seven inhibitory Ly49 receptors. Here we employ a semiquantitative cell-cell adhesion assay as well as class I/peptide tetramers to provide a comprehensive analysis of specificities of Ly49 receptors for class I MHC molecules in eight MHC haplotypes. Different Ly49 receptors exhibited d...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Hanke T,Takizawa H,McMahon CW,Busch DH,Pamer EG,Miller JD,Altman JD,Liu Y,Cado D,Lemonnier FA,Bjorkman PJ,Raulet DH

更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Members of the extended interleukin-1 (IL-1) cytokine family, such as IL-1, IL-18, IL-33, and IL-36, play a pivotal role in the initiation and amplification of immune responses. However, deregulated production and/or activation of these cytokines can lead to the development of multiple inflammatory disorders. IL-1 fam...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Afonina IS,Müller C,Martin SJ,Beyaert R

更新日期：2015-06-16 00:00:00

abstract：:C57BI/6 mice infected with mouse hepatitis virus, strain JHM (MHV-JHM) develop a chronic demyelinating encephalomyelitis. Infectious virus can be isolated only from symptomatic mice. In C57BI/6 mice, two CD8+ T cell epitopes within the MHV-JHM surface glycoprotein were previously identified. Here, we show that mutatio...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Pewe L,Wu GF,Barnett EM,Castro RF,Perlman S

更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:CD70 and CD27 are costimulatory molecules that provide essential signals for the expansion and differentiation of CD8(+) T cells. Here, we show that CD27-driven costimulation lowered the threshold of T cell receptor activation on CD8(+) T cells and enabled responses against low-affinity antigens. Using influenza infec...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： van Gisbergen KP,Klarenbeek PL,Kragten NA,Unger PP,Nieuwenhuis MB,Wensveen FM,ten Brinke A,Tak PP,Eldering E,Nolte MA,van Lier RA

更新日期：2011-07-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Cytokines can provide survival and proliferation signals to cancer cells, thus promoting tumor progression. In this issue of Immunity, Kryczek et al. (2014) reveal that interleukin-22 can also promote "stemness" in human colorectal cancer via transcription factor STAT3-mediated epigenetic regulation of stem cell genes...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Koltsova EK,Grivennikov SI

更新日期：2014-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Inflammation can activate self-reactive CD8(+) T cells and induce autoimmunity. Here we show in a CD8(+) T cell-mediated model of type 1 diabetes that CD4(+)CD25(+) Treg cells prevent beta cell destruction following localized inflammation in the islets of Langerhans. These Treg cells accumulate preferentially in the p...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Green EA,Choi Y,Flavell RA

更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Crosspresentation of exogenous antigens (Ags) to CD8(+) T cells by dendritic cells generally requires their entry into the cytosol. Here we show that both soluble and phagocytosed extracellular Ags accessed the cytosol via molecular components required for endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated degradation (ERAD). Exog...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Ackerman AL,Giodini A,Cresswell P

更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Adjuvants enhance immunity to vaccines and experimental antigens by a variety of mechanisms. In the past decade, many receptors and signaling pathways in the innate immune system have been defined and these innate responses strongly influence the adaptive immune response. The focus of this review is to delineate the i...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Coffman RL,Sher A,Seder RA

更新日期：2010-10-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Differentiation of naive T cells into mature Th2 cells is associated with the appearance of a complex pattern of DNase I hypersensitive (DH) sites within the IL-4/IL-13 cytokine gene cluster. We show here that targeted deletion of an inducible DH site, V(A), and the adjacent conserved DH site V (CNS-2) selectively com...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Solymar DC,Agarwal S,Bassing CH,Alt FW,Rao A

更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Minor or histocompatibility (H) antigens are recognized by CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes as short polymorphic peptides associated with MHC molecules. They are the targets of graft versus host and graft versus leukemia responses following bone marrow transplantation between HLA-identical siblings. Several genes encoding ...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Scott D,Addey C,Ellis P,James E,Mitchell MJ,Saut N,Jurcevic S,Simpson E

更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The p38 and JNK stress-activated MAPK signal transduction pathways are activated by T cell receptor (TCR) signaling and are required for IFN-gamma production by TH1 effector cells. Here, we show that the expression of GADD45gamma is induced during T cell activation and that the level of expression is higher in TH1 cel...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Lu B,Yu H,Chow C,Li B,Zheng W,Davis RJ,Flavell RA

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To explain why solid cancers grow or are rejected, we examined how the tumor stroma affected the level of antigen expression necessary to induce an immune response. We applied a tamoxifen-regulated Cre-loxP system to induce a model SIYRYYGL antigen recognized by the 2C T cell receptor. Solid tumors expressing the anti...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Spiotto MT,Yu P,Rowley DA,Nishimura MI,Meredith SC,Gajewski TF,Fu YX,Schreiber H

更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The signaling pathways linked to membrane immunoglobulin (mIg) that are regulated by the coreceptors CD19 and CD22 are not known. The mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases ERK2, JNK, and p38 couple extracellular signals to transcriptional responses. The capacity of mIg to activate these MAP kinases is synergisticall...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Tooze RM,Doody GM,Fearon DT

更新日期：1997-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Upon TCR engagement, naive CD4 T cells differentiate toward the Th1 or Th2 phenotype. IL-4, acting through Stat6, plays a major role in Th2 differentiation; IL-2 has also been reported to be essential. Here, we report that retroviral (RV)-mediated expression of a constitutively active Stat5A mutant (STAT5A1*6) can ful...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Zhu J,Cote-Sierra J,Guo L,Paul WE

更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lymphatic vessels form a critical component in the regulation of human health and disease. While their functional significance is increasingly being recognized, the comprehensive heterogeneity of lymphatics remains uncharacterized. Here, we report the profiling of 33,000 lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) in human lym...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Takeda A,Hollmén M,Dermadi D,Pan J,Brulois KF,Kaukonen R,Lönnberg T,Boström P,Koskivuo I,Irjala H,Miyasaka M,Salmi M,Butcher EC,Jalkanen S

更新日期：2019-09-17 00:00:00

abstract：:In the bone marrow, the special microenvironment niches nurture a pool of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Many HSCs reside near the vasculature, but the molecular regulatory mechanism of niches for HSC maintenance remains unclear. Here we showed that the induced deletion of CXCR4, a receptor for CXC chemokine ligand ...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Sugiyama T,Kohara H,Noda M,Nagasawa T

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Activation of the transcription factor NF-kappa B and pre-T cell receptor (pre-TCR) expression is tightly correlated during thymocyte development. Inhibition of NF-kappa B in isolated thymocytes in vitro results in spontaneous apoptosis of cells expressing the pre-TCR, whereas inhibition of NF-kappa B in transgenic mi...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Voll RE,Jimi E,Phillips RJ,Barber DF,Rincon M,Hayday AC,Flavell RA,Ghosh S

更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Antigenic peptides are translocated by the TAP peptide transporter from the cytosol into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) for loading onto MHC class I molecules. Peptides that fail to bind need to be removed from the ER. Here we provide evidence that peptide export utilizes the Sec61p translocon as demonstrated by block...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Koopmann JO,Albring J,Hüter E,Bulbuc N,Spee P,Neefjes J,Hämmerling GJ,Momburg F

更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although infections with virulent pathogens often induce a strong inflammatory reaction, what drives the increased immune response to pathogens compared to nonpathogenic microbes is poorly understood. One possibility is that the immune system senses the level of threat from a microorganism and augments the response ac...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Boyer L,Magoc L,Dejardin S,Cappillino M,Paquette N,Hinault C,Charriere GM,Ip WK,Fracchia S,Hennessy E,Erturk-Hasdemir D,Reichhart JM,Silverman N,Lacy-Hulbert A,Stuart LM

更新日期：2011-10-28 00:00:00

abstract：:A unique subpopulation of spleen dendritic cells (DCs) that express the CD8 surface marker efficiently present phagocytosed antigens to CD8(+) T lymphocytes in a process called "crosspresentation," which initiates cytotoxic immune responses. We now show that the small GTPase Rac2 plays a critical role in antigen cross...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Savina A,Peres A,Cebrian I,Carmo N,Moita C,Hacohen N,Moita LF,Amigorena S

更新日期：2009-04-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Lymphoid tissue inducer (LTi) cells are key components of the machinery required for the construction of the lymphoid structures underlying immune responses. In this issue of Immunity, Vonarbourg et. al. (2010) describe how these cells assume several different guises, each associated with different LTi functions. ...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Strober W

更新日期：2010-11-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Inflammasomes are supramolecular organizing centers that operate to drive interleukin-1 (IL-1)-dependent inflammation. Depending on context, inflammatory caspases act upstream or downstream of inflammasome assembly, serving as the principal enzymes that control activities of these organelles. In this review, we discus...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Evavold CL,Kagan JC

更新日期：2019-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Mutations affecting the Tec kinases Itk and Rlk decrease T cell receptor-induced Ca(2+) mobilization and Erk kinase activation and impair both positive and negative thymic selection. Itk(-/-) and Rlk(-/-)Itk(-/-) mice also have decreased CD4:8 T cell ratios, suggestive of altered CD4:8 lineage commitment. Nonetheless,...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Broussard C,Fleischacker C,Horai R,Chetana M,Venegas AM,Sharp LL,Hedrick SM,Fowlkes BJ,Schwartzberg PL

更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Why HIV-specific CD8(+) T cells ultimately fail to clear or control HIV infection is not known. We show here that HIV-specific CD8(+) T cells exhibit increased sensitivity to CD95/Fas-induced apoptosis. This apoptosis is 3-fold higher compared to CMV-specific CD8(+) T cells from the same patients. HIV-specific CD8(+) ...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Mueller YM,De Rosa SC,Hutton JA,Witek J,Roederer M,Altman JD,Katsikis PD

更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neutrophils are the first immune cells recruited to sites of inflammation and infection. However, patients with allergic disorders such as atopic dermatitis show a paucity of skin neutrophils and are prone to bacterial skin infections, suggesting that allergic inflammation curtails neutrophil responses. Here we have s...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Woytschak J,Keller N,Krieg C,Impellizzieri D,Thompson RW,Wynn TA,Zinkernagel AS,Boyman O

更新日期：2016-07-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Reprogramming of cellular metabolism is crucial for T cells responding to environmental cues. Blagih et al. (2015) reveal that the kinase AMPK directs metabolic adaption of effector T cells upon nutrient limitation and contributes to immune responses in vivo. ...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Yang K,Chi H

更新日期：2015-01-20 00:00:00