Abstract:
:The effects of limiting concentrations of ammonium on the metabolic activity of Nitrosomonas europaea, an obligate ammonia-oxidizing soil bacterium, were investigated. Cells were harvested during late logarithmic growth and were incubated for 24 h in growth medium containing 0, 15, or 50 mM ammonium. The changes in nitrite production and the rates of ammonia- and hydroxylamine-dependent oxygen consumption were monitored. In incubations without ammonium, there was little change in the ammonia oxidation activity after 24 h. With 15 mM ammonium, an amount that was completely consumed, there was an 85% loss of the ammonia oxidation activity after 24 h. In contrast, there was only a 35% loss of the ammonia oxidation activity after 24 h in the presence of 50 mM ammonium, an amount that was not consumed to completion. There was little effect on the hydroxylamine oxidation activity in any of the incubations. The loss of ammonia oxidation activity was not due to differences in steady-state levels of ammonia monooxygenase (AMO) mRNA (amoA) or to degradation of the active site-containing subunit of AMO protein. The incubations were also conducted at a range of pH values to determine whether the loss of ammonia oxidation activity was correlated to the residual ammonium concentration. The loss of ammonia oxidation activity after 24 h was less at lower pH values (where the unoxidized ammonium concentration was higher). When added in conjunction with limiting ammonium, short-chain alkanes, which are alternative substrates for AMO, prevented the loss of ammonia oxidation activity at levels corresponding to their binding affinity for AMO. These results suggest that substrates of AMO can preserve the ammonia-oxidizing activity of N. europaea in batch incubations by protecting either AMO itself or other molecules associated with ammonia oxidation.
journal_name
Appl Environ Microbioljournal_title
Applied and environmental microbiologyauthors
Stein LY,Arp DJdoi
10.1128/AEM.64.4.1514-1521.1998keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1998-04-01 00:00:00pages
1514-21issue
4eissn
0099-2240issn
1098-5336journal_volume
64pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Murine norovirus (MNV) was used as a surrogate to study resistance of human norovirus to disinfectants used in hospitals. MNV was sensitive to alcohol, alcohol hand rubs, bleach, and povidone iodine-based disinfectant. Real-time reverse transcription-PCR results indicated that the presence of viral RNA did not correla...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02148-07
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bactericidal actions of the silver ion on Escherichia coli as a model microorganism were studied using energy-filtering transmission electron microscopy (EFTEM), two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE), and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). EFTEM observations d...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.71.11.7589-7593.2005
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Germlings of Botrytis cinerea, an important fungal pathogen of plants, produce an extracellular matrix (ECM), or ensheathing film, that serves, in part, in their attachment (R. P. Doss, et al., Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 61:260-265, 1995). The composition of this film has been ascertained by using samples obtained by g...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.65.2.404-408.1999
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::With the submersible JAGO and by scuba diving we discovered three remarkable geothermal cones, rising 33, 25, and 45 m from the seafloor at a depth of 65 m in Eyjafjordur, northern Iceland. The greatest geothermal activity was on the highest cone, which discharged up to 50 liters of freshwater per s at 72 degrees C an...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.67.2.827-833.2001
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Enterohemorrhagic and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EHEC and EPEC, respectively) strains are closely related human pathogens that are responsible for food-borne epidemics in many countries. Integration host factor (IHF) and the locus of enterocyte effacement-encoded regulator (Ler) are needed for the expression o...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.70.9.5274-5282.2004
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Free-range geese were sampled longitudinally and Salmonella isolates characterized to reveal highly diverging colonization dynamics. One flock was intermittently colonized with one strain of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis from 2 weeks of age, while in another, S. enterica serovar Mbandaka appeared after 9 wee...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02356-10
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eukaryotes may influence pollutant degradation processes in groundwater ecosystems by activities such as predation on bacteria and recycling of nutrients. Culture-independent community profiling and phylogenetic analysis of 18S rRNA gene fragments, as well as culturing, were employed to obtain insight into the sedimen...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02820-07
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phylogeny and the distribution of symbiotic bacteria in the mixed segment of the wood-eating termite Nasutitermes takasagoensis (Shiraki) were studied. Bacterial 16S rRNA genes (rDNA) were amplified from the mixed segment of the gut by PCR, and two kinds of sequences were identified. The phylogenetic tree was construc...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.66.5.2199-2207.2000
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Decontamination treatments of burning and biocide application, alone and in combination with tillage, were evaluated for their ability to reduce populations of bacteria applied to the leaves of plants in field plots. In addition, the effects of these control methods on indigenous leaf and soil bacteria and fungi were ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.58.4.1207-1214.1992
更新日期:1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three particulate methane monooxygenase PCR primer sets (A189-A682, A189-A650, and A189-mb661) were investigated for their ability to assess methanotroph diversity in soils from three sites, i.e., heath, oak, and sitka, each of which was capable of oxidizing atmospheric concentrations of methane. Each PCR primer set w...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.67.9.3802-3809.2001
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Trehalose accumulation is a common cell defense strategy against a variety of stressful conditions. In particular, our team detected high levels of trehalose in Propionibacterium freudenreichii in response to acid stress, a result that led to the idea that endowing Lactococcus lactis with the capacity to synthesize tr...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02922-10
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The population dynamics of pseudomonads in gilt-head sea bream Mediterranean fish (Sparus aurata) stored under different conditions were studied. Phenotypic analysis and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of whole-cell proteins were performed to identify a total of 106 Pseudomonas strains isolat...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.68.1.65-72.2002
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pleurotus ostreatus ;Florida' was grown in submerged liquid culture. The biomass yield of the fungus, grown for 3 days in 2-liter fermentors, where the mycelial pellets measuring 5 mm in diameter were formed, was 11.7 g (dry weight)/liter. Comparing the chemical constituents of fruiting bodies produced on cotton straw...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.51.6.1352-1354.1986
更新日期:1986-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A new thermostable dipeptidase gene was cloned from the thermophile Brevibacillus borstelensis BCS-1 by genetic complementation of the D-Glu auxotroph Escherichia coli WM335 on a plate containing D-Ala-D-Glu. Nucleotide sequence analysis revealed that the gene included an open reading frame coding for a 307-amino-acid...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.70.3.1570-1575.2004
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Upon exposure of Nitrosomonas europaea to chloroform (7 microM, 1 h), transcripts for 175 of 2,460 genes were found at higher levels in treated cells than in untreated cells and transcripts for 501 genes were found at lower levels. With chloromethane (3.2 mM, 1 h), transcripts for 67 genes were at higher levels and tr...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02831-06
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of this study was to explore the long-term effects of different organic and inorganic fertilizers on activity and composition of the denitrifying and total bacterial communities in arable soil. Soil from the following six treatments was analyzed in an experimental field site established in 1956: cattle m...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.71.12.8335-8343.2005
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rapid population growth and urban development along waterways and coastal areas have led to decreasing water quality. To examine the effects of upstream anthropogenic activities on microbiological water quality, methods for source-specific testing are required. In this study, molecular assays targeting human enterovir...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.71.4.2070-2078.2005
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A new method is described in which the Salkowski reaction is used for the rapid selection of alkaloid-producing mutants of the ergot fungus. This method was used to investigate the influence of a second mutation with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (NTG) on various mutants selected by a preliminary NTG mutation o...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.45.4.1165-1169.1983
更新日期:1983-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We tested the sensitivity of coastal picophytoplankton exposed to natural sunlight in short-term experiments. Cell abundance and cell-specific chlorophyll fluorescence were significantly reduced in Prochlorococcus spp. but not in Synechococcus, whereas picoeukaryotes had an intermediate response. These results are the...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.71.4.2154-2157.2005
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Suppression of soilborne disease by fluorescent pseudomonads may be inconsistent. Inefficient root colonization by the introduced bacteria is often responsible for this inconsistency. To better understand the bacterial traits involved in root colonization, the effect of two plant species, flax (Linum usitatissinum L.)...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.61.3.1004-1012.1995
更新日期:1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The genetic diversity of 138 strains of the Xanthomonas pathovar mangiferaeindicae, which were isolated from three different hosts (mango, ambarella, and pepper tree) in 14 different countries, was assessed with restriction fragment length polymorphism markers. An analysis of patterns obtained by hybridization with an...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.63.1.246-253.1997
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::3'-Phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphatase (PAPase) is required for the removal of toxic 3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphate (PAP) produced during sulfur assimilation in various eukaryotic organisms. This enzyme is a well-known target of lithium and sodium toxicity and has been used for the production of salt-resistant transgeni...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.72.1.245-251.2006
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::High-performance liquid chromatography with a cation-exchange resin-packed column was used to determine fermentation products of several known and unknown Clostridium species. The column was operated at 30 degrees C, and isocratic elution was done with 0.013 N H(2)SO(4). Sample preparation for high-performance liquid ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.42.5.878-885.1981
更新日期:1981-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Flavonoids are 15-carbon plant secondary metabolites exuded in the rhizosphere that hosts several flavonoid-degrading bacteria. We studied flavonoid catabolism in a plant growth-promoting rhizobacterial strain of Pseudomonas by using a combination of biochemical and genetic approaches. Transposants carrying mini-Tn5gf...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.68.1.143-151.2002
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The transcription factors sinR and abrB are involved in the control of sporulation initiation in Bacillus subtilis. We identified a single homologue to sinR and three highly similar homologues to abrB, designated abrB310, abrB1941, and abrB3647, in Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824. Using reporter vectors, we showed...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.71.4.1987-1995.2005
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lactose is the only soluble and economically feasible carbon source for the production of cellulases or heterologous proteins regulated by cellulase expression signals by Hypocrea jecorina (Trichoderma reesei). We investigated the role of the major beta-galactosidase of H. jecorina in lactose metabolism and cellulase ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.71.2.851-857.2005
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dibenzothiophene (DBT) and its derivatives can be microbially desulfurized by enzymes DszC, DszA, and DszB, which are encoded by the operon dszABC and contribute to the conversion in tandem. We investigated the expression characteristics of the dsz operon. Our results revealed that the levels of transcription and tran...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02319-07
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cholera toxin genes of Vibrio cholerae are encoded by CTXΦ, a lysogenic bacteriophage. Infection with this phage plays a determinant role in toxigenicity conversion and the emergence of new clones of pathogenic V. cholerae. Multiple phage alleles, defined by sequence types of the repressor gene rstR, have been fou...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01742-15
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the growth parameters of Saccharomyces rouxii isolated from spoiled chocolate syrup. The optimum pH range for S. rouxii was 3.5 to 5.5, whereas the minimum and maximum pH values that permitted growth were 1.5 and 10.5, respectively. For cells grown in 0 and 60% sucrose the optimum water activity (aw) v...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.45.5.1614-1621.1983
更新日期:1983-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of cattle manure and slurry application on percolation and survival of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium was investigated for different soil depths after the addition of water. Four treatments were chosen for the first set of experiments: (i) addition of inoculated farmyar...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01791-08
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00