Abstract：
:The neuron-glia cell adhesion molecule (Ng-CAM) mediates neuron-neuron adhesion by a homophilic mechanism and neuron-astrocyte adhesion by a heterophilic mechanism. The protein is expressed on neurons and Schwann cells but not on astrocytes. It is most prevalent during development on cell bodies of migrating neurons and on axons during formation of nerves. Ng-CAM expression is greatly increased following nerve injury. Anti-Ng-CAM antibodies inhibited migration of granule cells along Bergmann glia in cerebellar explants and fasciculation of neurites in outgrowths from explants of dorsal root ganglia. The combined results indicate that Ng-CAM on neurons binds to Ng-CAM on adjacent neurons and to as yet unidentified ligands on astrocytes. Ng-CAM is synthesized in chicken neurons from a 6 kb mRNA as Mr approximately 200,000 forms which are cleaved to yield two components of Mr 135,000 and 80,000. It is glycosylated and can be phosphorylated. Amino acid sequence analysis indicates that it contains six immunoglobulin domains, five fibronectin type III repeats, a transmembrane domain and a cytoplasmic region. Structural analyses indicate that Ng-CAM is most closely related to the mammalian glycoprotein L1 but significant differences between them strongly suggest that they are not equivalent molecules. The recent identification of another structurally related molecule in the chicken called Nr-CAM underscores the notion that these molecules are members of a subfamily of neural cell adhesion molecules within the immunoglobulin superfamily that have related or complementary functions in the nervous system.
journal_name
J Neurosci Resjournal_title
Journal of neuroscience researchauthors
Grumet Mdoi
10.1002/jnr.490310102keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1992-01-01 00:00:00pages
1-13issue
1eissn
0360-4012issn
1097-4547journal_volume
31pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Apolipoprotein E (apo-E), a protein involved in lipid metabolism and cholesterol transport, has been found to be up-regulated in CNS injury and is associated with Alzheimer's disease in humans. In this study, we show that apo-E is also up-regulated after complete spinal cord transection in the C57BL/6 mouse. In the un...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.10482
更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have performed proteomic analysis in the cerebrospinal fluid in an animal model of Parkinson's disease induced by axotomy of the medial forebrain bundle. In this model, the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons was completed in 14 days, with a loss of about 50% dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and a loss...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.21452
更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The inherited deficiency of galactosylceramide beta-galactosidase (E.C. 3.2.1.46: galactocerebrosidase) activity results in globoid cell leukodystrophy in humans (Krabbe disease) and in mice (twitcher mutant). To determine whether Krabbe patients' cells complement twitcher cells to produce, in hybrid combination, grea...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.490270406
更新日期：1990-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Grafting fetal ventral mesencephalon has been utilized to alleviate the symptoms of Parkinson's disease. One obstacle in using this approach is the limited outgrowth from the transplanted dopamine neurons. Thus, it is important to evaluate factors that promote outgrowth from fetal dopamine neurons. Proteoglycans (PGs)...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.21465
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A series of major and minor ganglioside species were isolated from a single human adult brain and analyzed for their lipophilic composition. Hematosides, GM3 and GD3, each showing double bands on thin-layer chromatograms, were separated into the upper band and lower band fractions to be analyzed for the heterogeneity ...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.490120208
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have observed significantly lower kinetic parameters (KM and Vmax) for methionine adenosyltransferase activity in erythrocytes obtained from early onset schizophrenics when compared to samples from normal subjects. These differences are apparently not due to differences in S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) utilization. Th...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.490080113
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Metabolism of amyloid-beta peptide (A beta) is closely associated with the pathology and etiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Neprilysin is the only rate-limiting catabolic peptidase proven by means of reverse genetics to participate in A beta metabolism in vivo. The aim of the present study is to assess whether poss...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.10390
更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cell death in outer hair cells of the mammalian inner ear induced by aminoglycoside antibiotics is mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and can be prevented by antioxidants. The current study investigates the role of the nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB pathway in cell death or survival in adult CBA mice. Kanamycin (70...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.20392
更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We reported previously that stem cell factor (SCF) is produced mainly by neurons and that its receptor (c-kitR), encoded by the protooncogene c-kit, is expressed in microglia, suggesting that SCF/c-kitR signaling may be involved in neuron-microglia interactions. We now report that SCF supports microglial survival in c...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/(SICI)1097-4547(19980701)53:1<29::AID-JNR4
更新日期：1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neurotrophins may have a neuroprotective role and are probably involved in the control of axonal sprouting and synaptic plasticity. An antibody raised against a pro-sequence of nerve growth factor (NGF) was tested. In control undisturbed rats, a strong immunoreactivity was detected in scattered cells in and around the...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.490350409
更新日期：1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Organotypic slices are used frequently in studies of central nervous system development and function because they provide excellent experimental access with significant preservation of cellular context and relationships. Within a slice, however, a variety of factors may cause individual classes of neurons to respond d...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.1174
更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of the potent soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) inhibitor 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ) on neurite outgrowth and retraction was investigated in PC12 cells and SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells. ODQ inhibited neurite outgrowth and triggered neurite retraction in the cells stimulated with ner...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.21838
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recombinant adeno-associated viral (AAV)-mediated therapeutic gene transfer to dorsal root ganglia (DRG) is an effective and safe tool for treating chronic pain. However, AAV with various constitutively active promoters leads to transgene expression predominantly to neurons, while glial cells are refractory to AAV tra...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.24183
更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of treatment with a high dose of nandrolone or testosterone on nerve growth factor (NGF) levels and NGF low-affinity receptor (p75-NGFr) distribution in the brain were analyzed. Nandrolone, subcutaneously injected in rats for several weeks, caused an increase of NGF levels in the hippocampus and septum and...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/(sici)1097-4547(19970115)47:2<198::aid-jnr
更新日期：1997-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Activation of proteolytic enzymes, including the caspase family of proteinases, is a feature characteristic of the apoptotic program. In the present study, we examined a potential role of intracellular proteinases in the death of neuronal PC12 and primary cultured rat microglial cells induced by 6-hydroxydopamine (6-O...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/(SICI)1097-4547(19981015)54:2<214::AID-JNR
更新日期：1998-10-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The metabolism of glutamate, the most likely neurotransmitter of vestibular ganglion cells, includes synthesis from glutamine by the enzyme glutaminase. We used microdissection combined with a fluorometric assay to measure glutaminase activity in the vestibular nerve root and nuclei of rats with unilateral vestibular ...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.20179
更新日期：2004-08-15 00:00:00
abstract：:A distinct population of white matter progenitor cells (WMPCs), competent but not committed to generate oligodendrocytes, remains ubiquitous in the adult human subcortical white matter. These cells are present in both sexes and into senescence and may constitute as much as 4% of the cells of adult human capsular white...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.10397
更新日期：2002-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) are known to be synthesized in the central nervous system (CNS) and to act on CNS cells in vitro, but less is known about their synthesis, expression, and role in vivo. In this work, using specific anti-acidic fibroblast growth factor (aFGF) antibodies, we have shown for the first time...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.490290417
更新日期：1991-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Primary cultures of cerebral glia derived from neonatal rat brain were utilized to determine 1) the developmental changes of dolichol-linked oligosaccharide and N-linked glycoprotein biosyntheses, 2) the enzymatic correlates of these developmental changes, and 3) the temporal relations between the biosyntheses of doli...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.490200409
更新日期：1988-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Laminin mediates neural adhesion and process formation. A possible signal transduction pathway for laminin was investigated in both NG108-15 and PC12 neuronal cells using radiolabeling studies as well as various stimulators and inhibitors of phosphatases and kinases. Using [32P]-ortho-phosphate, laminin caused a decre...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.490270321
更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Increasing evidence suggests that the regulation of neuronal cell death is complex. In this study we compared the neurotoxic effects of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha), nitric oxide, and thrombin on primary rat cortical cell cultures and the neuronal PC12 cell line. Release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and th...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.1119
更新日期：2001-06-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs) are a group of hereditary childhood diseases characterized mainly by lipopigment accumulation and a multisystemic pattern of symptoms including mental retardation, seizures, motor impairment, and blindness. The mnd mouse, carrying a mutation in the Cln8 gene, has been proposed as ...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.22831
更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Trophic factors, such as the neurotrophins, CNTF, and GDNF, represent unique families of proteins that are essential for the development of the vertebrate nervous system. Surprisingly, there is little evidence to date that these proteins exist in Drosophila melanogaster and Caenorhabditis elegans, even though other po...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In a number of pathological states of the brain, the activation of the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) plays a major role. Interleukin (IL)-1beta is believed to be an essential factor in the induction of iNOS. However, little is known about the cascade of events culminating in iNOS expression in vivo. To identi...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although they likely involve activation of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, the mechanisms giving rise to perinatal hypoxic-ischemic-induced damages remained unclear. The purpose of the present study was to investigate in vivo the mechanisms regulating the glutamate-induced release of toxic hydroxyl radicals (.O...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/1097-4547(20001001)62:1<84::AID-JNR9>3.0.C
更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Alcohol-related events have been proposed to be under neurochemical control. For example, the concentration of methionine enkephalin (Met-enkephalin) in brain has been inversely correlated with ethanol consumption in alcohol-preferring and alcohol-nonpreferring mice. The concentrations of Met-enkephalin are controlled...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Adhesion responses triggered by integrin-class matrix receptors have been implicated in the synaptic reorganization events necessary for certain types of neuronal plasticity. Hippocampal slice cultures were used to test whether the related structural transformations elicited by NMDA receptor stimulation are regulated ...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/(SICI)1097-4547(20000315)59:6<827::AID-JNR
更新日期：2000-03-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of the present study was to prepare cultures enriched in type-2 astrocytes (AS) and to analyze some of the properties of these cells over relatively long culture periods. Cultures enriched in type-2 AS were obtained by subculturing, at low cell density and in the presence of fetal calf serum, a cell population...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.490210211
更新日期：1988-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The location of glyoxylate-complex molecules has been investigated in several areas of the rat cerebral cortex using the immunohistochemical peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) method. Antibodies against glyoxylate-complex molecules have been developed in the rabbit after immunization with a glyoxylate-bovine serum albumi...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/(SICI)1097-4547(19980115)51:2<268::AID-JNR
更新日期：1998-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The termination of chemical neurotransmission in the CNS involves the rapid removal of neurotransmitter from synapses by specific transport systems. Such mechanism operates for the three major amino acid neurotransmitters glutamate, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glycine. To date, five different high-affinity Na(+...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1002/jnr.1039
更新日期：2001-03-15 00:00:00
