Responses of plants to iron, zinc and copper deficiencies.

abstract：:The mammalian vascular system consists of two distinct, but closely related, networks: the blood vasculature (itself divided into arterial and venous networks) and the lymphatic vasculature. EC (endothelial cell) lineage specification has been proposed to be determined during embryonic development, after which the ECs...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Cooley LS,Edwards DR

更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:AMPA (alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid) receptor trafficking is a fundamental mechanism for regulating synaptic strength, and hence may underlie cellular processes involved in learning and memory. PICK1 (protein that interacts with protein C-kinase) has recently emerged as a key regulator of AM...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Hanley JG

更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The production of dihydrogen by Escherichia coli and other members of the Enterobacteriaceae is one of the classic features of mixed-acid fermentation. Synthesis of the multicomponent, membrane-associated FHL (formate hydrogenlyase) enzyme complex, which disproportionates formate into CO(2) and H(2), has an absolute r...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Sawers RG

更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:AD (Alzheimer's disease) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the abnormal hyperphosphorylation and aggregation of the microtubule-associated protein tau and the misfolding and deposition of Abeta peptide. The mechanisms by which tau and Abeta become abnormal is not clearly understood, neither is it known ...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Cowan CM,Shepherd D,Mudher A

更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Functional cardiomyocytes can now be derived routinely from hPSCs (human pluripotent stem cells), which collectively include embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells. This technology presents new opportunities to develop pharmacologically relevant in vitro screens to detect cardiotoxicity, with a view to improving...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Dick E,Rajamohan D,Ronksley J,Denning C

更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Reciprocal biochemical and biophysical interactions between tumor cells, stromal cells and the extracellular matrix (ECM) result in a unique tumor microenvironment that determines disease outcome. The cellular component of the tumor microenvironment contributes to tumor growth by providing nutrients, assisting in the ...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Johan MZ,Samuel MS

更新日期：2019-02-28 00:00:00

abstract：:A full picture of the similarities between Family A and Family B GPCRs (G-protein coupled receptors) has been frustrated by the lack of clear homology between the respective sequences. Here, we review previous computational studies on GPCR dimerization in which the putative dimerization interfaces have been analysed u...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Vohra S,Chintapalli SV,Illingworth CJ,Reeves PJ,Mullineaux PM,Clark HS,Dean MK,Upton GJ,Reynolds CA

更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Numerous RNA molecules with new catalytic properties have been isolated from synthetic combinatorial libraries. A broad range of chemical reactions is catalysed, and nucleic acids can accelerate bond formation between small organic substrates. This review focuses on carbon-carbon bond formation accelerated by in vitro...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Jäschke A,Stuhlmann F,Bebenroth D,Keiper S,Wombacher R

更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10) is an important tumour-suppressor gene that encodes a 3-phosphatase. The major substrate of PTEN is PIP(3) (phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate) generated by the action of PI3Ks (phosphoinositide 3-kinases). Hereditary mutation of PTEN causes tumour...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Suzuki A,Hamada K,Sasaki T,Mak TW,Nakano T

更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The study of regulated exocytosis uniquely allows the direct measurement of intracellular membrane fusion events in real time. We have exploited this to examine factors that regulate not only the extent but also the dynamics of single fusion/release events. The general strategy used has been to assess exocytosis in tr...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Burgoyne RD,Fisher RJ,Graham ME,Haynes LP,Morgan A

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cultured pluripotent stem cells hold great promise for regenerative medicine. Considerable efforts have been invested into the refinement and definition of improved culture systems that sustain self-renewal and avoid differentiation of pluripotent cells in vitro. Recent studies have, however, found that the choice of ...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： McEwen KR,Leitch HG,Amouroux R,Hajkova P

更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Ran GTPase controls many cellular functions, including nucleocytoplasmic trafficking, spindle assembly, nuclear assembly and cell-cycle progression. Considerable evidence suggests that diffusible Ran-GTP near mitotic chromatin facilitates the release of critical factors from nuclear transport receptors, thereby pr...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Dasso M

更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Alkalithermophiles are an exciting subset of extremophilic organisms and represent extremophiles that are adapted to two extreme conditions, i.e. to a combination of alkaline and thermobiotic growth conditions. Among the anaerobic alkalithermophiles are representatives of both Bacteria and Archaea within a wide variet...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Wiegel J,Kevbrin VV

更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Assembly of ribonucleoprotein complexes is a facilitated quality-controlled process that typically includes modification to the RNA component from precursor to mature form. The SRP (signal recognition particle) is a cytosolic ribonucleoprotein that catalyses protein targeting to the endoplasmic reticulum. Assembly of ...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Leung E,Brown JD

更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Non-coding transcripts play an important role in gene expression regulation in all species, including budding and fission yeast. Such regulatory transcripts include intergenic ncRNA (non-coding RNA), 5' and 3' UTRs, introns and antisense transcripts. In the present review, we discuss advantages and limitations of rece...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Schlackow M,Gullerova M

更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In plant and metazoan, Polycomb Group (PcG) proteins play key roles in regulating developmental processes by repression of gene expression. PcG proteins function as multi-protein complexes; among them the best characterized ones are Polycomb Repressive Complex 1 (PRC1) and PRC2. PRC2 catalyzes histone H3 lysine 27 tri...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Wang Q,Shen WH

更新日期：2018-08-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Plant chloroplasts contain an intricate photosynthetic membrane system, the thylakoids, and are surrounded by two envelope membranes at which thylakoid lipids are assembled. The glycoglycerolipids mono- and digalactosyldiacylglycerol, and sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol as well as phosphatidylglycerol, are present in th...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Wang Z,Benning C

更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:TRP (transient receptor potential) channels comprise a superfamily of non-selective cation channels with at least seven subfamilies. The variety of subfamilies corresponds to the differences in the activation mechanisms and functions. TRPM3 (TRP melastatin 3) and TRPV4 (TRP vanilloid 3) have been characterized as cati...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Harteneck C,Reiter B

更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mitogenic tyrosine kinase receptors such as the EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) are endocytosed once they are activated at the cell surface. After reaching the early endosome, they are ubiquitinated within their cytosolic domain and are consequently sorted away from recycling receptors. They are then incorpora...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Woodman P

更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Invertebrates use a wide range of peptides as transmitters and hormones to regulate complex behaviour, physiology and development. These animals, especially those that are amenable to genetic study and are the subject of genome-sequencing projects, provide powerful model systems for understanding the functions of pept...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Isaac RE,Siviter RJ,Stancombe P,Coates D,Shirras AD

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Besides stomata, the photosynthetic CO2 pathway also involves the transport of CO2 from the sub-stomatal air spaces inside to the carboxylation sites in the chloroplast stroma, where Rubisco is located. This pathway is far to be a simple and direct way, formed by series of consecutive barriers that the CO2 should cros...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Gago J,Daloso DM,Carriquí M,Nadal M,Morales M,Araújo WL,Nunes-Nesi A,Flexas J

更新日期：2020-04-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS) has been successfully used to modify seed lipids in oilseed crops like soybean, canola and sunflower. Conventionally, PTGS has been induced by transforming the plants with either antisense or co-suppression constructs targeted against key seed lipid biosynthesis genes. A majo...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Singh S,Green A,Stoutjesdijk P,Liu Q

更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:VEGFs (vascular endothelial growth factors) are master regulators of vascular development and of blood and lymphatic vessel function during health and disease in adults. This family of five mammalian ligands acts through three RTKs (receptor tyrosine kinases). In addition, co-receptors such as NRPs (neuropilins) assoc...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Koch S

更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Photoreaction centres are Nature's solar batteries. These nanometre-scale power producers are responsible for transducing the energy of sunlight into a form that can be used by biological systems, thereby powering most of the biological activity on the planet. Although to the layman the word 'photosynthesis' is usuall...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Jones MR

更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:CYP74C3 (cytochrome P450 subfamily 74C3), an HPL (hydroperoxide lyase) from Medicago truncatula (barrel medic), and CYP74A1, an AOS (allene oxide synthase) from Arabidopsis thaliana, are key membrane-associated P450 enzymes in plant oxylipin metabolism. Both recombinant detergent-free enzymes are monomeric proteins wi...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Hughes RK,Belfield EJ,Casey R

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:CRISPR base editing technology is a promising genome editing tool as (i) it does not require a DNA template to introduce mutations and (ii) it avoids creating DNA double-strand breaks, which can lead to unintended chromosomal alterations or elicit an unwanted DNA damage response. Given many cancers originate from poin...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Pal M,Herold MJ

更新日期：2021-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Copper chaperones, soluble copper-binding proteins, are essential for ensuring proper distribution of copper to cellular compartments and to proteins requiring copper prosthetic groups. They are found in all eukaryotic organisms. Orthologues of the three copper chaperones characterized in yeast, ATX1, CCS and COX17, a...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Wintz H,Vulpe C

更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The biosynthetic intermediate PRPP (phosphoribosylpyrophosphate) has a central role in cellular biochemistry since it links carbon and nitrogen metabolism. Its importance may be reflected in the fact that, in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae (yeast) genome, there are five unlinked genes, PRS1-PRS5, each of which is theore...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Vavassori S,Wang K,Schweizer LM,Schweizer M

更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:PLUNC (palate, lung and nasal epithelium clone) is a small, secreted protein that is expressed in the oropharynx and upper airways of humans, mice and rats. We have described a family of at least 14 PLUNC genes localized on chromosome 20 (in humans), 2 (in mice) or 3 (in rats). These rapidly evolving proteins are stru...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Bingle CD,Craven CJ

更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mitochondria are central to the health of eukaryotic cells. While commonly known for their bioenergetic role, mitochondria also function as signaling organelles that regulate cell stress responses capable of restoring homeostasis or leading the stressed cell to eventual death. Damage to the plasma membrane is a potent...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Horn A,Jaiswal JK

更新日期：2020-10-30 00:00:00