Rho-ROCK signaling regulates tumor-microenvironment interactions.

abstract：:Invertebrates use a wide range of peptides as transmitters and hormones to regulate complex behaviour, physiology and development. These animals, especially those that are amenable to genetic study and are the subject of genome-sequencing projects, provide powerful model systems for understanding the functions of pept...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Isaac RE,Siviter RJ,Stancombe P,Coates D,Shirras AD

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Among the several signalling pathways regulated by ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like proteins, the one activating NF-kappaB (nuclear factor kappaB) is certainly one of the best characterized. The regulation of the activity of this transcription factor by members of the ubiquitin family occurs at various levels, imposing ov...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Lang V,Rodríguez MS

更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Within the SulfoSYS (Sulfolobus Systems Biology) project, the effect of temperature on a metabolic network is investigated at the systems level. Sulfolobus solfataricus utilizes an unusual branched ED (Entner-Doudoroff) pathway for sugar degradation that is promiscuous for glucose and galactose. In the course of metab...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Haferkamp P,Kutschki S,Treichel J,Hemeda H,Sewczyk K,Hoffmann D,Zaparty M,Siebers B

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:AD (Alzheimer's disease) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by a gradual loss of neurons and the accumulation of neurotoxic Aβ (amyloid β-peptide) and hyperphosphorylated tau. The discovery of mutations in three genes, PSEN1 (presenilin 1), PSEN2 (presenilin 2) and APP (amyloid precursor protein), in patient...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Coen K,Annaert W

更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:CT responds to properties of PC-depleted membranes: increased negative charge density, which concentrates the enzyme at the membrane surface, and lipid packing perturbations, which create holes in the membrane surface into which the hydrophobic side chains of the amphipathic helix of domain M can intercalate. The PC-d...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Cornell RB

更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:FcRn was originally identified as the receptor responsible for IgG binding to the intestinal epithelium of neonatal rats and mice. FcRn transports IgG from milk across the intestinal epithelial cells of the suckling animal. Subsequently, FcRn was detected in tissues involved in the transmission of IgG from mother to f...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Simister NE,Jacobowitz Israel E,Ahouse JC,Story CM

更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:miRNAs (microRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally. They generally bind to the 3'-UTR (untranslated region) of their target mRNAs and repress protein production by destabilizing the mRNA and translational silencing. The exact mechanism of miRNA-mediated translational repr...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Cannell IG,Kong YW,Bushell M

更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a regulator of cellular metabolism in response to changes in the energy status of the cells. AMPK was known to shut down energy-consuming pathways in response to a fall in the ATP/AMP ratio by phosphorylating key enzymes of intermediate metabolism. Here we will discuss the recent...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Leclerc I,Viollet B,da Silva Xavier G,Kahn A,Rutter GA

更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:PINK1 [phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN)-induced putative kinase 1] is a serine/threonine kinase targeted to mitochondria and implicated in early-onset recessive Parkinson's disease (PD). Through the phosphorylation of its downstream targets, PINK1 regulates multiple mitochondrial processes, including ATP produc...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Aerts L,De Strooper B,Morais VA

更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:One of the major goals of modern plant biotechnology is to manipulate lipid metabolism in oilseed crops to produce new and improved edible and industrial vegetable oils. Lipids constitute the structural components of cellular membranes and act as sources of energy for the germinating seed and are therefore essential t...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Schnurr JA,Shockey J,Browse J

更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Activated tyrosine kinase receptors acquire ubiquitin tags. Ubiquitination governs receptor down-regulation through interaction with components of the endosomal ESCRT (endosomal sorting complexes required for transport) machinery that shepherds receptors into luminal vesicles of multivesicular bodies en route to the l...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Urbé S,McCullough J,Row P,Prior IA,Welchman R,Clague MJ

更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ribosome is the macromolecular machinery in the host cell for which all viruses have to compete. Early in infection, the viral mRNAs have to compete with the host for both the ribosomes and for the limited pool of eukaryotic initiation factors that are needed to facilitate the recruitment of ribosomes to both vira...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Sarnow P,Cevallos RC,Jan E

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:HD (Huntington's disease) is caused by a polyQ (polyglutamine) expansion in the huntingtin protein, which leads to protein misfolding and aggregation of this protein. Abnormal copper accumulation in the HD brain was first reported more than 15 years ago. Recent findings show that copper-regulatory genes are induced du...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Hands SL,Mason R,Sajjad MU,Giorgini F,Wyttenbach A

更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The protein kinase C (PKC) family of serine/threonine protein kinases share structural homology, while exhibiting substantial functional diversity. PKC isoforms are ubiquitously expressed in tissues which makes it difficult to define roles for individual isoforms, with complexity compounded by the finding that PKC iso...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Tarafdar A,Michie AM

更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The human RAD30B gene has recently been shown to encode a novel DNA polymerase, DNA polymerase iota (poliota). The role of poliota within the cell is presently unknown, and the only clues to its cellular function come from its biochemical characterization in vitro. The aim of this short review is, therefore, to summar...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Tissier A,Frank EG,McDonald JP,Vaisman A,Fernàndez de Henestrosa AR,Boudsocq F,McLenigan MP,Woodgate R

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The 'fusion peptides' of a group of enveloped viruses that includes influenza, paramyxo-, retro-and filo-viruses are N-terminal regions of their membrane fusion proteins generated by cleavage of non-functional precursors. For the influenza membrane fusion protein, haemagglutinin (HA), the three-dimensional structures ...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Skehel JJ,Cross K,Steinhauer D,Wiley DC

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Microvilli are found on the apical surface of epithelial cells. Recent studies on the microvillar proteins ezrin and EBP50 (ezrin/radixin/moesin-binding phosphoprotein of 50 kDa) have revealed both the dynamics and the regulation of microvillar components, and how a dynamic ezrin phosphocycle is necessary to confine m...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Viswanatha R,Bretscher A,Garbett D

更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A limited number of bacteria, yeast and fungi can convert hemicellulose or its monomers (xylose, arabinose, mannose and galactose) into ethanol with a satisfactory yield and productivity. In the present study we tested a number of thermophilic enrichment cultures, and new isolates of thermophilic anaerobic bacterial s...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Sommer P,Georgieva T,Ahring BK

更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The control of the intracellular localization of NCS (neuronal calcium sensor) proteins is of importance for their ability to respond appropriately to differing calcium signals. We examine the localization of three NCS proteins: NCS-1, KChIP-1 (potassium-channel-interacting protein 1) and hippocalcin. Additionally, th...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： O'Callaghan DW,Burgoyne RD

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:[Ca(2+)](i) (intracellular Ca(2+) concentration) oscillations play a central role in the activation of T-lymphocytes by antigen. Oscillations in T-cells are absolutely dependent on Ca(2+) influx through store-operated CRAC channels (Ca(2+)-release-activated Ca(2+) channels), and evidence suggests that they arise from ...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Lewis RS

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ability to permit gene expression is managed by a set of relatively well known regulatory mechanisms. Nonetheless, this property can also be acquired during a life span as a consequence of environmental stimuli. Interestingly, some acquired information can be passed to the next generation of individuals without mo...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Mazaira GI,Daneri-Becerra C,Zgajnar NR,Lotufo CM,Galigniana MD

更新日期：2018-02-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Vitamin E is an important nutrient with antioxidant and non-antioxidant functions, and certain evidence suggests that it has a cardiovascular protective role. It is therefore important to maintain an optimal vitamin E status. In the present paper, a number of MS applications to monitor vitamin E status and its interac...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Lodge JK

更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This review focuses on recent insights into the mechanisms and the biological functions of the proteasome. This large ATP-dependent proteolytic complex is the main site for protein degradation in mammalian cells and catalyses the rapid degradation of ubiquitinated proteins, and is the source of most antigenic peptides...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Goldberg AL

更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A considerable number of fungal homologues of human apoptotic genes have been identified in recent years. Nevertheless, we are far from being able to connect the different pieces and construct a primary structure of the fungal apoptotic regulatory network. To get a better picture of the available fungal components, we...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Shlezinger N,Doron A,Sharon A

更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Based on recent theoretical results on optimal flux distributions in kinetic metabolic networks, we explore the congruences and differences between solutions of kinetic optimization problems and results obtained by constraint-based methods. We demonstrate that, for a certain resource allocation problem, kinetic optimi...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Müller S,Regensburger G,Steuer R

更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The spliceosome is a macromolecular machine that carries out the excision of introns from eukaryotic pre-mRNAs and splicing together of exons. Four large RNA-protein complexes, called the U1, U2, U4/U6 and U5 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles (snRNPs), and some non-snRNP proteins assemble around three short co...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Nagai K,Muto Y,Pomeranz Krummel DA,Kambach C,Ignjatovic T,Walke S,Kuglstatter A

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Homologous recombination is essential for accurate chromosome segregation during meiosis in most sexual organisms. Meiotic recombination is initiated by the formation of DSBs (DNA double-strand breaks) made by the Spo11 protein. We review here recent findings pertaining to protein-protein interactions important for DS...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Keeney S,Neale MJ

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Plant chloroplasts contain an intricate photosynthetic membrane system, the thylakoids, and are surrounded by two envelope membranes at which thylakoid lipids are assembled. The glycoglycerolipids mono- and digalactosyldiacylglycerol, and sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol as well as phosphatidylglycerol, are present in th...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Wang Z,Benning C

更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:PI3K (phosphoinositide 3-kinase) is a key regulator of cell growth, metabolism and survival. The frequent activation of the PI3K pathway in cancer has stimulated widespread interest in identifying potent and selective inhibitors of PI3K isoforms. The present paper highlights recent progress in identifying such molecul...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Knight ZA,Shokat KM

更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The binding sites of the oestrogen receptors alpha and beta have a structural requirement for ligands with two oxygen atoms (one of which is phenolic) spaced 11-12 A apart. They are open to many non-steroidal compounds, such as those from plants and the chemical industry. The importance of this interaction is the subj...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Barnes S

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00