Abstract:
:Vibrio parahaemolyticus possesses two types of flagella, polar and lateral, powered by distinct energy sources, which are derived from the sodium and proton motive forces, respectively. Although proton-powered flagella in Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium have been extensively studied, the mechanism of torque generation is still not understood. Molecular knowledge of the structure of the sodium-driven motor is only now being developed. In this work, we identify the switch components, FliG, FliM, and FliN, of the sodium-type motor. This brings the total number of genes identified as pertinent to polar motor function to seven. Both FliM and FliN possess charged domains not found in proton-type homologs; however, they can interact with the proton-type motor of E. coli to a limited extent. Residues known to be critical for torque generation in the proton-type motor are conserved in the sodium-type motor, suggesting a common mechanism for energy transfer at the rotor-stator interface regardless of the driving force powering rotation. Mutants representing a complete panel of insertionally inactivated switch and motor genes were constructed. All of these mutants were defective in sodium-driven swimming motility. Alkaline phosphatase could be fused to the C termini of MotB and MotY without abolishing motility, whereas deletion of the unusual, highly charged C-terminal domain of FliM disrupted motor function. All of the mutants retained proton-driven, lateral motility over surfaces. Thus, although central chemotaxis genes are shared by the polar and lateral systems, genes encoding the switch components, as well as the motor genes, are distinct for each motility system.
journal_name
J Bacterioljournal_title
Journal of bacteriologyauthors
Boles BR,McCarter LLdoi
10.1128/jb.182.4.1035-1045.2000keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2000-02-01 00:00:00pages
1035-45issue
4eissn
0021-9193issn
1098-5530journal_volume
182pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The Aer protein in Escherichia coli is a membrane-bound, FAD-containing aerotaxis and energy sensor that putatively monitors the redox state of the electron transport system. Binding of FAD to Aer requires the N-terminal PAS domain and residues in the F1 region and C-terminal HAMP domain. The PAS domains of other PAS ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.186.20.6782-6791.2004
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A three-dimensional tracking microscope was used to quantify the effects of temperature (50 to 80 degrees C) and pH (2 to 4) on the motility of Sulfolobus acidocaldarius, a thermoacidophilic archaeon. Swimming speed and run time increased with temperature but remained relatively unchanged with increasing pH. These res...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.181.13.4020-4025.1999
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::trpG of Bacillus subtilis encodes a glutamine amidotransferase subunit that is involved in the synthesis of both folic acid and L-tryptophan. Expression of trpG is negatively regulated by tryptophan even though this gene is located within a folic acid biosynthetic operon. Examination of both transcriptional and transl...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
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doi:10.1128/jb.177.15.4272-4278.1995
更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ftsH gene encodes an ATP- and Zn(2+)-dependent metalloprotease which is anchored to the cytoplasmic membrane via two transmembrane segments in such a way that the very short amino- and the long carboxy termini are exposed to the cytoplasm. Deletion of the ftsH gene in Bacillus subtilis results in a pleiotropic phe...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.182.13.3870-3873.2000
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abstract::A heat-stable, particulate, lipopolysaccharide-protein antigenic complex has been isolated from a virulent, encapsulated strain of Pasteurella multocida by extraction with cold, formalinized saline, and centrifugation at 105,000 x g. The original bacterial culture had been obtained from a bison that died of hemorrhagi...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.93.1.7-14.1967
更新日期:1967-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::An alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase (EC 3.2.1.55) from the culture fluid of Rhodotorula flava IFO 0407 grown on beet arabinan as a carbon source has been highly purified. The purified enzyme has a pH optimum of 2.0. The enzyme is unusually acid stable, retaining 82% of its activity after being maintained for 24 h at pH 1.5...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.133.3.1073-1077.1978
更新日期:1978-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The type III secretion system (T3SS) encoded by Salmonella pathogenicity island 2 (SPI-2) is involved in systemic infection and intracellular replication of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. In this study, we investigated the function of SsaE, a small cytoplasmic protein encoded within the SPI-2 locus, which sh...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.00863-09
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Proteins induced by acid or base, during long-term aerobic or anaerobic growth in complex medium, were identified in Escherichia coli. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis revealed pH-dependent induction of 18 proteins, nine of which were identified by N-terminal sequencing. At pH 9, tryptophan deaminase (TnaA) was ind...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.181.7.2209-2216.1999
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abstract::The effects of exogenous reducing agents on a number of biological properties of purified Chlamydia trachomatis LGV-434 and Chlamydia psittaci meningopneumonitis elementary bodies (EBs) have been examined in an attempt to identify in vitro correlates of early events in the differentiation of the infectious EB to the r...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.161.1.25-31.1985
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.170.7.3177-3188.1988
更新日期:1988-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Green fluorescent protein (GFP) fusions, immunofluorescence microscopy, and cryo-electron tomography revealed that the chemoreceptors of the Lyme disease spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi form long, thin arrays near both cell poles. These arrays are in close proximity to the flagellar motors. This information provides a...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.01530-10
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Crude cell extracts of Bacillus subtilis 168T exhibit enzyme activity capable of releasing free uracil from phage PBS1 deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in the presence of ethylenediaminetetraacetate. By measuring the enzyme activity in 300 clones that emanated from mutagenized cells, we obtained a mutant strain that did no...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.131.2.438-445.1977
更新日期:1977-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.114.1.332-340.1973
更新日期:1973-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.169.8.3826-3828.1987
更新日期:1987-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.169.7.3329-3339.1987
更新日期:1987-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Comamonas sp. strain CNB-1 degrades nitrobenzene and chloronitrobenzene via the intermediates 2-aminomuconate and 2-amino-5-chloromuconate, respectively. Deamination of these two compounds results in the release of ammonia, which is used as a source of nitrogen for bacterial growth. In this study, a novel deaminase wa...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.01762-06
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bacillus subtilis grows under anaerobic conditions utilizing nitrate ammonification and various fermentative processes. The two-component regulatory system ResDE and the redox regulator Fnr are the currently known parts of the regulatory system for anaerobic adaptation. Mutation of the open reading frame ywiD located ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.183.23.6815-6821.2001
更新日期:2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The neuS-encoded polysialytransferase (polyST) in Escherichia coli K1 catalyzes synthesis of polysialic acid homopolymers composed of unbranched sialyl alpha 2,8 linkages. Subcloning and complementation experiments showed that the K1 neuS was functionally interchangeable with the neuS from E. coli K92 (S. M. Steenberg...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.174.15.5127-5131.1992
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Haight, Rodger D. (Oregon State University, Corvallis), and Richard Y. Morita. Thermally induced leakage from Vibrio marinus, an obligately psychrophilic bacterium. J. Bacteriol. 92:1388-1393. 1966.-Leakage of various cellular components into the surrounding menstruum occurred when Vibrio marinus was subjected to temp...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.92.5.1388-1393.1966
更新日期:1966-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
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doi:10.1128/jb.173.2.549-558.1991
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.171.5.2415-2423.1989
更新日期:1989-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A novel of Escherichia coli endopeptidase was used for a selective partial hydrolysis of the peptide bridges which interlink the glycan chains in E. coli sacculi. The loosening of the murein network revealed, in the electron microscope, a preferential orientation of the glycan chains, more or less perpendicular to the...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.136.2.723-729.1978
更新日期:1978-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In Escherichia coli, putrescine is metabolized to succinate for use as a carbon and nitrogen source by the putrescine utilization pathway (Puu pathway). One gene in the puu gene cluster encodes a transcription factor, PuuR, which has a helix-turn-helix DNA-binding motif. DNA microarray analysis of an E. coli puuR muta...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.183.2.570-579.2001
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In Cyanophora paradoxa, the allophycocyanin apoprotein subunits, alpha and beta, are encoded in the cyanelle (plastid) genome. These genes were transferred to the cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002 on a plasmid replicon. Phycobilisomes isolated from transformed cyanobacteria were found to contain C. paradoxa al...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.169.5.1830-1835.1987
更新日期:1987-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.179.11.3397-3403.1997
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rickettsia typhi, the causative agent of murine typhus, is an obligate intracellular bacterium with a life cycle involving both vertebrate and invertebrate hosts. Here we present the complete genome sequence of R. typhi (1,111,496 bp) and compare it to the two published rickettsial genome sequences: R. prowazekii and ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.186.17.5842-5855.2004
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Salmonella typhimurium LT2 ilvYC genes were studied by fusion of each gene to the Escherichia coli K-12 galK gene. The expression of ilvY and ilvC could then be determined by measurement of the galK-encoded galactokinase enzyme. The promoter for ilvC, pC, was located by this technique to a 0.42-kilobase BglII-EcoR...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.159.3.951-957.1984
更新日期:1984-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several preparations of staphylococcal alpha-toxin and delta-lysin were studied in order to compare hemolytic activity with capacity to lyse bacterial protoplasts. delta-Lysin in relatively low concentration lysed protoplasts of Sarcina lutea, protoplasts of Streptococcus faecalis, and spheroplasts of Escherichia coli...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.96.2.487-491.1968
更新日期:1968-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of various salts on the autolysis of cell wall of a ribitol teichoic acid-deficient mutant of Staphylococcus aureus H (strain 52A5 carrying tar-1) was compared with the parent strain. In the presence of high concentrations of certain salts such as 1.0 m NaCl, the mutant undergoes autolysis with the release ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.111.1.272-283.1972
更新日期:1972-07-01 00:00:00