Abstract:
:Acetylcholine and the activation of muscarinic receptors influence the activity of neural networks generating locomotor behavior in the mammalian spinal cord. Using electrical stimulations of the ventral commissure, we show that commissural muscarinic (CM) depolarizations could be induced in lumbar motoneurons. We provide a detailed electrophysiological characterization of the muscarinic receptors and the membrane conductance involved in these responses. Activation of the CM terminals, originating from lamina X neurons and partition cells, induced a pathway-specific short-term potentiation (STP) of commissural glutamatergic inputs in motoneurons. This STP is occluded in the presence of the muscarinic antagonist atropine. During fictive locomotion, the activation of the commissural pathways transiently enhanced the motor output in a muscarinic-dependent manner. This study describes for the first time a novel regulatory mechanism of synaptic strength in spinal locomotor networks. Such cellular mechanisms would endow the locomotor central pattern generators with adaptive processes needed to generate appropriate synaptic inputs to motoneurons during different motor tasks.
journal_name
Front Neural Circuitsjournal_title
Frontiers in neural circuitsauthors
Bertrand SS,Cazalets JRdoi
10.3389/fncir.2011.00015subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-11-04 00:00:00pages
15issn
1662-5110journal_volume
5pub_type
杂志文章abstract::[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2018.00028.]. ...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
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abstract::In drug users, drug-related cues alone can induce dopamine release in the dorsal striatum. Instructive cues activate inputs to the striatum from both dopaminergic and cholinergic neurons, which are thought to work together to support motor learning and motivated behaviors. Imbalances in these neuromodulatory influence...
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abstract::Every higher-order association cortex receives a variety of synaptic signals from different regions of the brain. How these cortical networks are capable of differentially responding to these various extrinsic synaptic inputs remains unclear. To address this issue, we studied how the basolateral amygdala (BLA) and the...
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abstract::FOXP2 is a transcription factor functionally relevant for learned vocalizations in humans and songbirds. In songbirds, FoxP2 mRNA expression in the medium spiny neurons of the basal ganglia song nucleus Area X is developmentally regulated and varies with singing conditions in different social contexts. How individual ...
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abstract::In addition to their ascending pathways that originate at the receptor cells, all sensory systems are characterized by extensive descending projections. Although the size of these connections often outweighs those that carry information in the ascending auditory pathway, we still have a relatively poor understanding o...
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abstract::The goal of sensory neuroscience is to understand how the brain creates its myriad of representations of the world, and uses these representations to produce perception and behavior. Circuits of neurons in spatially segregated regions of brain tissue have distinct functional specializations, and these regions are conn...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
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abstract::The firing rates of neurons in primate motor cortex have been related to multiple parameters of voluntary movement. This finding has been corroborated by stimulation-based studies that have mapped complex movements in rodent and primate motor cortex. However, it has been difficult to link the movement tuning of a neur...
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abstract::The brain contains a large diversity of unique cell types that use specific genetic programs to control development and instruct the intricate wiring of sensory, motor, and cognitive brain regions. In addition to their cellular diversity and specialized connectivity maps, each region's dedicated function is also expre...
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journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
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journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
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journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2015-12-22 00:00:00
abstract::In the past decade, much has been elucidated regarding the functional organization of the axonal connection of olfactory sensory neurons to olfactory bulb (OB) glomeruli. However, the manner in which projection neurons of the OB process odorant input and send this information to higher brain centers remains unclear. H...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章
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abstract::Research efforts over the past decades have unraveled both genetic and environmental factors, which contribute to the development of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). It is, to date, largely unknown how different underlying causes result in a common phenotype. However, the individual course of development and the diffe...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
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abstract::Methods of functional connectivity are applied ubiquitously in studies involving non-invasive whole-brain signals, but may be not optimal for exploring the propagation of the steady-state responses, which are strong oscillatory patterns of neurodynamics evoked by periodic stimulation. In our study, we explore a functi...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncir.2018.00118
更新日期:2019-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is an ideal organism for studying neural plasticity and animal behaviors. A total of 302 neurons of a C. elegans hermaphrodite have been classified into 118 neuronal groups. This simple neural circuit provides a solid basis for understanding the mechanisms of the brains of higher an...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
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journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章
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abstract::Complex spatial representations in the hippocampal formation and related cortical areas require input from the head direction system. However, a recurrent finding is that behavior apparently supported by these spatial representations does not appear to require input from generative head direction regions, i.e., latera...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2019-09-13 00:00:00
abstract::CORTICAL GABAERGIC INTERNEURONS IN RODENTS ORIGINATE IN THREE SUBCORTICAL REGIONS: the medial ganglionic eminence (MGE), the lateral/caudal ganglionic eminence (LGE/CGE), and the preoptic area (POA). Each of these neuroepithelial precursor domains contributes different interneuron subtypes to the cortex. Neuronal NOS ...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
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journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
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doi:10.3389/neuro.04.006.2009
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abstract::The medial part of the olfactory tubercle (OT) is a brain structure located at the interface of the reward and olfactory system. It is closely related to pheromone-rewards, natural reinforcement, addiction and many other behaviors. However, the structure of the anatomic circuitry of the medial part of the OT is still ...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
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abstract::The central vocal pathway of the African clawed frog, Xenopus laevis, is a powerful vertebrate model to understand mechanisms underlying central pattern generation. However, fast and efficient methods of introducing exogenous genes into the neurons of adult X. laevis are currently not available. Here, we systematicall...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章
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abstract::One of the large remaining challenges in the field of zebrafish neuroscience is the establishment of techniques and preparations that permit the recording and perturbation of neural activity in animals that can interact meaningfully with the environment. Since it is very difficult to do this in freely behaving zebrafi...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章
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abstract::In this review, we provide a brief overview over the current knowledge about the role of dopamine transmission in the prefrontal cortex during learning and memory. We discuss work in humans, monkeys, rats, and birds in order to provide a basis for comparison across species that might help identify crucial features and...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
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journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
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