Abstract:
:Gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter that is known to be synthesized and released from GABAergic neurons in the brain. However, recent studies have shown that not only neurons but also astrocytes contain a considerable amount of GABA that can be released and activate GABA receptors in neighboring neurons. These exciting new findings for glial GABA raise further interesting questions about the source of GABA, its mechanism of release and regulation and the functional role of glial GABA. In this review, we highlight recent studies that identify the presence and release of GABA in glial cells, we show several proposed potential pathways for accumulation and modulation of glial intracellular and extracellular GABA content, and finally we discuss functional roles for glial GABA in the brain.
journal_name
Front Neural Circuitsjournal_title
Frontiers in neural circuitsauthors
Yoon BE,Lee CJdoi
10.3389/fncir.2014.00141subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-12-17 00:00:00pages
141issn
1662-5110journal_volume
8pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Fluorescent calcium (Ca(2+)) indicator proteins (FCIPs) are promising tools for functional imaging of cellular activity in living animals. However, they have still not reached their full potential for in vivo imaging of neuronal activity due to limitations in expression levels, dynamic range, and sensitivity for repor...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncir.2010.00009
更新日期:2010-04-29 00:00:00
abstract::[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2018.00028.]. ...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章,已发布勘误
doi:10.3389/fncir.2018.00080
更新日期:2018-09-25 00:00:00
abstract::The firing rates of neurons in primate motor cortex have been related to multiple parameters of voluntary movement. This finding has been corroborated by stimulation-based studies that have mapped complex movements in rodent and primate motor cortex. However, it has been difficult to link the movement tuning of a neur...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncir.2012.00127
更新日期:2013-01-18 00:00:00
abstract::Water-homeostasis is a fundamental physiological process for terrestrial life. In vertebrates, thirst drives water intake, but the neuronal circuits that connect the physiology of water regulation with emotional context are poorly understood. Vasopressin (VP) is a prominent messenger in this circuit, as well as L-glut...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncir.2016.00013
更新日期:2016-03-31 00:00:00
abstract::How do local circuits in the inferior colliculus (IC) process and transform spectral and temporal sound information? Using a four-tetrode array we examined the functional properties of the IC and metrics of its micro circuitry by recording neural activity from neighboring single neurons in the cat. Spectral and tempor...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncir.2012.00062
更新日期:2012-09-27 00:00:00
abstract::In drug users, drug-related cues alone can induce dopamine release in the dorsal striatum. Instructive cues activate inputs to the striatum from both dopaminergic and cholinergic neurons, which are thought to work together to support motor learning and motivated behaviors. Imbalances in these neuromodulatory influence...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncir.2014.00057
更新日期:2014-05-28 00:00:00
abstract::Recently, by using a combination of two viral vectors, we developed a technique for pathway-selective and reversible synaptic transmission blockade, and successfully induced a behavioral deficit of dexterous hand movements in macaque monkeys by affecting a population of spinal interneurons. To explore the capacity of ...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncir.2013.00162
更新日期:2013-10-11 00:00:00
abstract::Focal cortical dysplasias (FCDs) are a common cause of brain seizures and are often associated with intractable epilepsy. Here we evaluated aberrant brain neurophysiology in an in vivo mouse model of FCD induced by neonatal freeze lesions (FLs) to the right cortical hemisphere (near S1). Linear multi-electrode arrays ...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncir.2016.00093
更新日期:2016-11-10 00:00:00
abstract::In this review, we provide a brief overview over the current knowledge about the role of dopamine transmission in the prefrontal cortex during learning and memory. We discuss work in humans, monkeys, rats, and birds in order to provide a basis for comparison across species that might help identify crucial features and...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fncir.2014.00093
更新日期:2014-08-05 00:00:00
abstract::Genetic programs controlling ontogeny drive many of the essential connectivity patterns within the brain. Yet it is activity, derived from the experience of interacting with the world, that sculpts the precise circuitry of the central nervous system. Such experience-dependent plasticity has been observed throughout th...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fncir.2014.00123
更新日期:2014-10-02 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a public health problem worldwide. There is increasing interest in using non-invasive therapies such as repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) to treat MDD. However, the changes induced by rTMS on neural circuits remain poorly characterized. The present study a...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncir.2016.00050
更新日期:2016-07-29 00:00:00
abstract::Optogenetic stimulation of the mouse cortex can be used to generate motor maps that are similar to maps derived from electrode-based stimulation. Here we present a refined set of procedures for repeated light-based motor mapping in ChR2-expressing mice implanted with a bilateral thinned-skull chronic window and a chro...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncir.2013.00123
更新日期:2013-07-25 00:00:00
abstract::The integration of the visual stimulus takes place at the level of the neocortex, organized in anatomically distinct and functionally unique areas. Primates, including humans, are heavily dependent on vision, with approximately 50% of their neocortical surface dedicated to visual processing and possess many more visua...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fncir.2014.00079
更新日期:2014-07-04 00:00:00
abstract::Complex motor behaviors are thought to be coordinated by networks of brain nuclei that may control different elementary motor programs. Transparent zebrafish larvae offer the opportunity to analyze the functional organization of motor control networks by optical manipulations of neuronal activity during behavior. We e...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncir.2013.00067
更新日期:2013-04-17 00:00:00
abstract::Genetic labeling of neurons with a specific response feature is an emerging technology for precise dissection of brain circuits that are functionally heterogeneous at the single-cell level. While immediate early gene mapping has been widely used for decades to identify brain regions which are activated by external sti...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fncir.2014.00037
更新日期:2014-04-23 00:00:00
abstract::The intracerebral local field potential (LFP) is a measure of brain activity that reflects the highly dynamic flow of information across neural networks. This is a composite signal that receives contributions from multiple neural sources, yet interpreting its nature and significance may be hindered by several confound...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fncir.2016.00101
更新日期:2016-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::The most typical and well known inhibitory action in the cortical microcircuit is a strong inhibition on the target neuron by axo-somatic synapses. However, it has become clear that synaptic inhibition in the cortex is much more diverse and complicated. Firstly, at least ten or more inhibitory non-pyramidal cell subty...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fncir.2016.00027
更新日期:2016-04-25 00:00:00
abstract::A moving visual figure may contain first-order signals defined by variation in mean luminance, as well as second-order signals defined by constant mean luminance and variation in luminance envelope, or higher-order signals that cannot be estimated by taking higher moments of the luminance distribution. Separating thes...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncir.2014.00130
更新日期:2014-10-31 00:00:00
abstract::Open-source software development has skyrocketed in part due to community tools like github.com, which allows publication of code as well as the ability to create branches and push accepted modifications back to the original repository. As the number and size of EM-based datasets increases, the connectomics community ...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncir.2019.00005
更新日期:2019-02-05 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, we explore the functional role of striatal cholinergic interneurons, hereinafter referred to as tonically active neurons (TANs), via computational modeling; specifically, we investigate the mechanistic relationship between TAN activity and dopamine variations and how changes in this relationship affect ...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncir.2019.00010
更新日期:2019-02-21 00:00:00
abstract::The olfactory system has a unique capacity for recovery from peripheral damage. After injury to the olfactory epithelium (OE), olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) regenerate and re-converge on target glomeruli of the olfactory bulb (OB). Thus far, this process has been described anatomically for only a few defined popula...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncir.2013.00207
更新日期:2014-01-07 00:00:00
abstract::Acetylcholine and the activation of muscarinic receptors influence the activity of neural networks generating locomotor behavior in the mammalian spinal cord. Using electrical stimulations of the ventral commissure, we show that commissural muscarinic (CM) depolarizations could be induced in lumbar motoneurons. We pro...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncir.2011.00015
更新日期:2011-11-04 00:00:00
abstract::The ability of light to cause pain is paradoxical. The retina detects light but is devoid of nociceptors while the trigeminal sensory ganglia (TG) contain nociceptors but not photoreceptors. Melanopsin-expressing intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) are thought to mediate light-induced pain but...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncir.2016.00060
更新日期:2016-08-10 00:00:00
abstract::[This corrects the article on p. 33 in vol. 8, PMID: 24782714.]. ...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 已发布勘误
doi:10.3389/fncir.2014.00142
更新日期:2014-12-02 00:00:00
abstract::Parental migration has caused millions of children left behind, especially in China and India. Left-behind children (LBC) have a high risk of mental disorders and may present negative life outcomes in the future. However, little is known whether there are cerebral structural alterations in LBC in relative to those wit...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncir.2019.00033
更新日期:2019-05-08 00:00:00
abstract::We have made use of the δ subunit-selective allosteric modulator DS2 (4-chloro-N-[2-(2-thienyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-3-yl benzamide) to assay the contribution of δ-GABAARs to tonic and phasic conductance changes in the cerebellum, thalamus and neocortex. In cerebellar granule cells, an enhancement of the tonic conduc...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncir.2013.00203
更新日期:2013-12-23 00:00:00
abstract::Recent studies using primary neuronal cultures have revealed important roles of the microRNA pathway in the regulation of neuronal development and morphology. For example, miR-134 is involved in dendritogenesis and spine development in hippocampal neurons by regulating local mRNA translation in dendrites. The in vivo ...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/neuro.04.016.2009
更新日期:2010-01-12 00:00:00
abstract::Multiple components of "γ-oscillations" between 30-170 Hz in the CA1 region of the hippocampus have been described, based on their coherence with oscillations in other brain regions and on their cross-frequency coupling with local θ-oscillations. However, it remains unclear whether the different sub-bands are generate...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncir.2014.00150
更新日期:2015-01-12 00:00:00
abstract::mRNP granules at adult central synapses are postulated to regulate local mRNA translation and synapse plasticity. However, they are very poorly characterized in vivo. Here, in Drosophila olfactory synapses, we present early observations and characterization of candidate synaptic mRNP particles, one of which contains a...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncir.2010.00121
更新日期:2010-11-03 00:00:00
abstract::Caspase-3 is a cysteine protease that is most commonly associated with cell death. Recent studies have shown additional roles in mediating cell differentiation, cell proliferation and development of cell morphology. We investigated the role of caspase-3 in the development of chick auditory brainstem nuclei during embr...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncir.2016.00084
更新日期:2016-10-24 00:00:00