Abstract:
:Glutamate carboxypeptidase II may modulate excitatory neurotransmission through the catabolism of the neuropeptide N-acetylaspartylglutamate (NAAG) and possibly other endogenous peptide substrates. To investigate the molecular properties of cloned human GCP II (hGCP II), we analyzed the NAAG-hydrolytic activity conveyed by transfection of a full-length hGCP II cDNA into PC3 cells, which do not express GCP II endogenously. Membrane fractions from these cells demonstrated activity with an apparent Km of 73 nM and Vmax of 35 pmol/(mg protein*min). Activity was inhibited by EDTA and stimulated by the addition of CoCl2. Addition of GCP II inhibitors beta-NAAG, quisqualic acid and 2-(phosphonomethyl)pentanedioic acid (PMPA) inhibited hydrolysis of 2.5 nM NAAG with IC50s of 201 nM, 155 nM and 98 pM, respectively. In competition experiments designed to infer aspects of hGCP II substrate selectivity, NAAG was the most potent alpha peptide tested, with an IC50 of 26 nM. Folate derivatives and some other gamma-glutamyl peptides showed comparable affinity to that of NAAG, also displaying IC50s in the low nM range. Taken together with previous evidence demonstrating their presence in GCP II-expressing tissues, these data suggest that both NAAG and folates are good candidate substrates for GCP II in vivo.
journal_name
Brain Resjournal_title
Brain researchauthors
Luthi-Carter R,Barczak AK,Speno H,Coyle JTdoi
10.1016/s0006-8993(98)00244-3subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1998-06-08 00:00:00pages
341-8issue
1-2eissn
0006-8993issn
1872-6240pii
S0006-8993(98)00244-3journal_volume
795pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
BRAIN RESEARCH文献大全abstract::The olfactory bulb electroencephalogram (EEG) has been used as a method to imply receptor events12,13. However, experiments to correlate olfactory receptor and bulbar EEG activity in the same species of fish has not been performed. Reported here is the comparison between the simultaneously recorded receptor electroolf...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(82)90170-6
更新日期:1982-10-07 00:00:00
abstract::Several investigations have shown that the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonist MK-801 interferes both with learning and a candidate neural mechanism for learning, the long-term potentiation (LTP) phenomenon. The low doses of MK-801 reported to block learning, however, may not be sufficient to block LTP. The present...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(92)90371-f
更新日期:1992-01-08 00:00:00
abstract::In order to identify fixed versus flexible aspects of swallowing and oromotor control, we developed a method for the concurrent analysis of swallow frequency, swallow volume, and the temporal correlation between swallowing and rhythmic orolingual movements during prolonged bouts of fluid ingestion in unanesthetized, u...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(89)91135-9
更新日期:1989-10-09 00:00:00
abstract::Voltage-activated Na+ channels in the primary sensory neurons are important for generation of action potentials and regulation of neurotransmitter release. The Na+ channels expressed in different types of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons are not fully known. In this study, we determined the possible difference in te...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2004.09.051
更新日期:2004-12-17 00:00:00
abstract::Only recently, d-amino acids have been identified in mammals. Of these, d-serine has been most extensively studied. d-Serine was found to play an important role as a neurotransmitter in the human central nervous system (CNS) by binding to the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAr), similar to glycine. Therefore, d-seri...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2011.05.039
更新日期:2011-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::Erythropoietin (EPO) provides neuroprotection and neurorestoration after traumatic brain injury (TBI). The EPO doses used for treatment of TBI significantly increase hematocrit, which may affect the efficacy of EPO therapy for TBI. The aim of this study was to investigate whether normalization of hematocrit would affe...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2009.07.077
更新日期:2009-10-19 00:00:00
abstract::Neurotensin (NT) is an endogenous brain tridecapeptide for which high affinity binding sites exist in the central nervous system. We have investigated the effects of NT incubation with rat neostriatal slices on calcium/calmodulin (Ca/CaM)-dependent protein phosphorylation. Slices were incubated with NT (5 or 50 nM) fo...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(91)91311-n
更新日期:1991-04-05 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the role of the phosphorylation of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) and cyclic AMP-response element binding protein (CREB) in N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA)-induced neurotoxicity in the rat retina. Western blot analysis showed early elevation of phosphorylated CaMKII (p-CaMKII) protein ...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2007.09.055
更新日期:2007-12-12 00:00:00
abstract::Slowness of goal-directed movements is a frequent symptom following cerebellar lesions. So far it has not been demonstrated whether this slowness represents compensation for impaired braking which is a feature of cerebellar dysfunction with the consequence of hypermetria, or whether it is an independent part of cerebe...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(95)01514-0
更新日期:1996-03-25 00:00:00
abstract::Repeated odorant or electrical stimulation of the frog olfactory nerve leads to long-lasting reduction of excitability of the receptor neurons. In the turtle olfactory nerve electrical stimulation causes an increase in extracellular potassium concentration due to the efflux of potassium from active axons. Elevated pot...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(90)90340-h
更新日期:1990-12-24 00:00:00
abstract::In the previous study, we reported increased NOS expression in the astrocytes in the spinal cord of the transgenic mice that are used as ALS animal model. In the present study, we performed immunocytochemical studies to investigate the changes of nitrotyrosine-immunoreactivity in the brains of the transgenic mice, and...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(99)02302-1
更新日期:2000-01-17 00:00:00
abstract::Electrical stimulation of the brain, particularly in the periventricular grey areas, caused long-lasting increases in behavioural escape thresholds to heating and mechanical stimuli applied to the facial region of the rat. The brain stimulation selectively suppressed responses to noxious stimuli. Responses to non-noxi...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(95)00927-i
更新日期:1995-11-27 00:00:00
abstract::By using a proteomic approach, we found increased levels of carbonic anhydrase II (CA II) in the brain of Ts65Dn mice, a mouse model for Down syndrome (DS). Further immunoblot analyses showed that the levels of CA II are increased not only in the brain of adult Ts65Dn mice but also in the brain of infants and young ch...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2007.11.023
更新日期:2008-01-23 00:00:00
abstract::Human seizure disorders represent a heterogeneous collection of neuropathies, many of which are poorly understood. To investigate the etiology of seizure disorders, we have used a group of Drosophila mutants known as the bang-sensitive (BS) paralytics. The BS mutants exhibit seizure-like activity (SLA) following a wid...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2009.12.036
更新日期:2010-02-26 00:00:00
abstract::Diabetes mellitus (DM) may lead to gastrointestinal motility disorders. Rodent models of DM indicate the presence of morpho-functional abnormalities of the enteric nervous system. Here, we evaluated whether experimental DM can cause changes in the excitatory cholinergic fibers, neuronal density, and voltage-gated sodi...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2018.11.041
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The axonal arborizations of the basket cells in the cerebral neocortex have long been considered as the source of the presynaptic terminals contacting the cell bodies of pyramidal cells. Given that the concept of the cortical basket cell is based upon indirect evidence only, it was deemed worthwhile to re-investigate ...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(82)90898-8
更新日期:1982-07-22 00:00:00
abstract::The status of blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability was investigated in the twitcher, an authentic murine model of globoid cell leukodystrophy (GLD, Krabbe disease) and cuprizone-intoxicated mice. Although extensive demyelination was noted in the CNS of both mice and additionally, macrophage infiltration was pronounc...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(87)90499-9
更新日期:1987-11-03 00:00:00
abstract::The present study examined whether morphine and morphine-6beta-glucuronide (M6G) analgesia on the tail-flick and jump tests differed in potency in the periaqueductal gray, the locus coeruleus or the rostral ventromedial medulla. Morphine and M6G significantly and dose-dependently elicited analgesia on both nociceptive...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(98)00520-4
更新日期:1998-07-20 00:00:00
abstract::The so-called on- and off-cells of the rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM) send their axons to the spinal dorsal horn. Activation of on-cells precedes and coincides with a facilitation, and activation of off-cells coincides with an inhibition, of withdrawal reflexes elicited by noxious agents. Considerable evidence sup...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2018.02.025
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The intracellular injection technique of HRP with simultaneous recordings of intracellular potential was applied to the crab X-organ-sinus gland peptidergic neurosecretory neurons. At least two classes of neurons were discriminated from the usual type of neurosecretory neurons morphologically as well as electrophysiol...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(86)90468-3
更新日期:1986-01-08 00:00:00
abstract::The central myelin sheaths of the recessive autosomal mutant mouse, Shiverer, were investigated by electron microscopy with special reference to the pattern of myelin formation. The results obtained may be summarized as follows: (1) the major dense line of myelin lamellae generally failed to be formed, but the axons w...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(81)90269-9
更新日期:1981-08-24 00:00:00
abstract::Norepinephrine (NE), acting on brain adrenoceptors, plays an important role in barrel field neuronal activity and plasticity. For this reason, the distribution of alpha 1- and alpha 2-adrenoceptors in the somatosensory cortex barrel field was studied by autoradiographic techniques in rats undergoing plastic change or ...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(93)90005-8
更新日期:1993-09-24 00:00:00
abstract::Previous immunocytochemical, physiological, and molecular studies have reported that the Syrian hamster lacks a shortwave-sensitive (S) cone photopigment but retains circadian responses to ultraviolet (UV) light. Using opsin antibodies and a sensitive detection protocol, we here show that S opsin immunoreactivity colo...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(02)02267-9
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We utilized proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy to evaluate the metabolic profile of the hippocampus and anterior cingulate cortex of the developing rat brain from postnatal days 14-70. Measured metabolite concentrations were modeled using linear, exponential, or logarithmic functions and the time point at which th...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2016.09.028
更新日期:2016-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::We previously reported that aquaporin 4 (AQP4) played a critical role in formation of brain edema and the altered expression of dystroglycan (DG) could relate with AQP4 expression after traumatic brain injury (TBI). However the mechanisms of this process remain unclear. DG was showed could act as a scaffold involved i...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2019.146347
更新日期:2019-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Results from the application of a procedure that allows simultaneous estimation of the rates of glucose transport from blood and of glucose phosphorylation in discrete regions of the brain are given for groups of rats displaying chemically induced motor disturbances. The procedure is based on sequential injections of ...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(81)90782-4
更新日期:1981-09-28 00:00:00
abstract::Neuronal cells in primary culture have been demonstrated to possess specific insulin receptors (Boyd et al., J. Biol. Chem., 260 (1985) 15880-15884). Incubation of these cultures with insulin causes a dose-dependent inhibition of maprotiline-sensitive [3H]norepinephrine uptake. Maximum inhibition of 95% of maprotiline...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(86)91242-4
更新日期:1986-11-19 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have indicated that amyloid precursor protein (APP) might be a trophic agent in the nervous system, possibly through the regulation of cell adhesion and the protease/protease inhibitor activity. Additionally, APP is upregulated during the development of the nervous system. In order to further study th...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(92)91329-d
更新日期:1992-10-16 00:00:00
abstract::Ethanol administration in long-sleep (LS) and short-sleep (SS) mice results in a large number of Fos-IR neurons in the supraoptic nucleus (SON) in LS, and almost no Fos-IR neurons in the same nucleus in SS mice. In contrast, isotonic saline, hypertonic saline, with or without ethanol, resulted in a similar pattern of ...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(02)02453-8
更新日期:2002-05-10 00:00:00
abstract::In the present study we analyzed the effect of ascorbate (0.8 mM)/Fe2+ (2.5 microM)-induced membrane lipid peroxidation on the levels of intracellular free calcium,[Ca2+]i and on the possible mechanisms involved in the perturbation of intracellular calcium homeostasis during oxidative stress. For this purpose, the inf...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(95)01554-x
更新日期:1996-03-25 00:00:00