Abstract：
:Only recently, d-amino acids have been identified in mammals. Of these, d-serine has been most extensively studied. d-Serine was found to play an important role as a neurotransmitter in the human central nervous system (CNS) by binding to the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAr), similar to glycine. Therefore, d-serine may well play a role in all physiological and pathological processes in which NMDArs have been implied. In this review, we discuss the findings implying an important role for d-serine in human physiology (CNS development and memory and learning) and pathology (excitotoxicity, perinatal asphyxia, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Alzheimer's disease, epilepsy, schizophrenia and bipolar disorder). We will debate on the relative contribution of d-serine versus glycine and conclude with clinical applications derived from these results and future directions to progress in this field. In general, adequate concentrations of d-serine are required for normal CNS development and function, while both decreased and increased concentrations can lead to CNS pathology. Therefore, d-serine appears to be the right isoform when present in the right concentrations.
journal_name
Brain Resjournal_title
Brain researchauthors
Fuchs SA,Berger R,de Koning TJdoi
10.1016/j.brainres.2011.05.039subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-07-15 00:00:00pages
104-17eissn
0006-8993issn
1872-6240pii
S0006-8993(11)00952-8journal_volume
1401pub_type
杂志文章,评审相关文献
BRAIN RESEARCH文献大全abstract：:The present study was designed to evaluate the sleep pattern of rats submitted to chronic stressors (restraint, electrical footshock, swimming and cold) applied to male rats. After 48 h-baseline recording, rats were submitted to 4 days of chronic stress, and electrocorticogram recordings were carried out continuously....
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2005.08.021
更新日期：2005-10-26 00:00:00
abstract：:Glioblastoma is the most aggressive form of gliomas and is associated with short survival. Recent advancements in molecular genetics resulted in the identification of glioma genomic, epigenomic and transcriptomic hallmarks, and multidimensional data allowed clustering of glioblastomas into molecular subtypes. Parallel...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2014.10.062
更新日期：2015-01-21 00:00:00
abstract：:In the vertebrate retina excitatory transmission seems to be mediated mainly by excitatory amino acids; glutamate and/or aspartate are the most viable candidates to subserve this function. Postsynaptic receptors for N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA), kainate (KA), quisqualate (QA) and 2-amino-4-phosphonobutyric acid have be...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(87)91330-8
更新日期：1987-06-23 00:00:00
abstract：:One optic nerve of mature goldfish was crushed in the orbit and allowed to regenerate. During regeneration impulse activity was eliminated by periodic intraocular injections of tetrodotoxin (TTX). At 32-104 days, the retinotopography of the retinotectal projection was measured autoradiographically by intraocular [3H]p...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0165-3806(83)90068-8
更新日期：1983-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nerve fibers and terminals immunoreactive for cholecystokinin (CCK) were demonstrated in the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) of the rat using light and electron microscopic immunocytochemistry. The following morphological and biochemical evidence suggests that CCK in the NTS seems to be of extrinsic, most probably...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(82)90408-5
更新日期：1982-12-09 00:00:00
abstract：:Multidrug efflux transporters of the ATP-Binding cassette (ABC) family, P-glycoprotein (Pgp), multidrug-resistance associated protein 4 (MRP4) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP), located on endothelial cells lining brain vasculature play important roles in limiting movement of substances into and enhancing th...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2010.08.034
更新日期：2010-10-28 00:00:00
abstract：:The number of viable neurones calculated as soon as adult mollusc ganglia tissue was digested and over different periods of cultivation, show that elevated K+ prevents degradation of intercellular contacts, preserves neurones against lysis, prolongs the time course of neurone survival in culture and inhibits neurite f...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(82)90044-0
更新日期：1982-03-18 00:00:00
abstract：:To learn whether there are developmental changes in salt and acid taste responses from the posterior tongue, we recorded from the glossopharyngeal nerve, which innervates taste buds in circumvallate papillae, in sheep fetuses, lambs and adults. Multifiber responses to NH4Cl, KCl, NaCl, LiCl, citric and hydrochloric ac...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0165-3806(83)90205-5
更新日期：1983-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To elucidate the anatomical distribution of the serotonergic neurotransmitter system, we identified serotonin transporter (5-HTT) in the hippocampus of rats and monkeys by immunohistochemistry. A widespread and heterogeneous distribution of 5-HTT-immunoreactive fine fibers was noted in the rat brain. However, in monke...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2004.03.013
更新日期：2004-06-04 00:00:00
abstract：:We have previously reported that intracerebroventricular injection of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) induces hyperthermia possibly through EP1 receptors in the rat. In the present study, to determine the sites in the brain where PGE2 induces hyperthermia through EP1 receptors, we microinjected an EP1 receptor agonist, 17-phe...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-8993(97)00562-3
更新日期：1997-08-29 00:00:00
abstract：:A study was made of the effects of electrochemically stimulating (ECS) and destroying the midbrain dorsal and median raphe nuclei on the estrogen-progesterone- (EP) induced surge of pituitary LH release in ovariectomized rats. ECS and lesions were produced simultaneously with anodal direct current through a chronicall...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(81)90006-8
更新日期：1981-08-03 00:00:00
abstract：:Rats were trained on a radial maze and then given electrolytic lesions of the MS followed by a single intraseptal injection of 5 micrograms of NGF. Three days later they were re-tested on the maze. They were also post-operatively tested for hyperemotionality. MS lesions severely impaired performance on the radial maze...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(95)00242-i
更新日期：1995-05-08 00:00:00
abstract：:The binding of [3H]flunitrazepam and [3H]Ro5-4864 to crude homogenates of amygdala-kindled and 'yoked' control rat brains was evaluated in subjects sacrificed 60 days after the sixth generalized convulsion. Decreases in the Bmax for [3H]flunitrazepam binding to 'central-type' benzodiazepine receptors were observed in ...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(83)90210-x
更新日期：1983-11-21 00:00:00
abstract：:Long-term potentiation (LTP) consists of an enhanced response to released transmitter by the quisqualate/AMPA subclass of glutamate receptors with little change in the slower currents generated by the NMDA receptor subclass. Recent computer simulations suggest that a decrease in the resistance of dendritic spines woul...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(91)90454-4
更新日期：1991-01-11 00:00:00
abstract：:Quantal analysis of transmitter release is useful in examining presynaptic mechanisms involved in synaptic transmission. However, in central neurons, the presence of multiple synapses makes it difficult to use the traditional quantal analysis, developed for the neuromuscular transmission. We developed a method to mini...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2008.02.056
更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Transplantation of olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) into injured spinal cord results in improved functional outcome. Mechanisms suggested to account for this functional improvement include axonal regeneration, remyelination and neuroprotection. OECs transplanted into transected peripheral nerve have been shown to mo...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2006.09.089
更新日期：2006-12-13 00:00:00
abstract：:Synaptic responses evoked in phrenic motoneurones (PMNs) by stimulation of the superior laryngeal nerve (SLN) were analysed in anaesthetised cats. Stimulation of the SLN was followed by inhibition of ipsilateral phrenic nerve discharge with the latency of 9.5 +/- 2.3 ms (mean +/- S.D.) and hyperpolarizations of ipsila...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(89)90530-1
更新日期：1989-05-08 00:00:00
abstract：:Several studies have recently shown that basal and stress-induced secretion of corticosterone may enhance vulnerability to drugs of abuse. In this report, we studied the effects of metyrapone, an inhibitor of the synthesis of corticosterone, on cocaine-induced locomotion and on the relapse of cocaine self-administrati...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-8993(09)90034-8
更新日期：1994-09-26 00:00:00
abstract：:In view of the use of synthetic propentofylline (PPF) as a protective agent in brain ischemia, its possible side effects on vision capacities have been explored by electroretinography in comparative experiments with theophylline. We used eyecup preparations of small-spotted dogfish sharks and of European eels, particu...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-8993(00)02328-3
更新日期：2000-06-23 00:00:00
abstract：:The substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr) receives both inhibitory GABAergic and excitatory glutamatergic afferents from diverse origins. Ischemic injury to the striatum and/or the globus pallidus causes delayed transneuronal death of the SNr neurons, in the course of which neuronal disinhibition induced by loss of G...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-8993(96)01052-9
更新日期：1996-12-16 00:00:00
abstract：:The stress-related neurohormone, corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), also acts as a neurotransmitter to activate the brain noradrenergic nucleus, locus coeruleus (LC). Previous electrophysiological findings demonstrating that tonic CRF secretion in the LC is increased in adrenalectomized rats suggest that activity o...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-8993(98)00900-7
更新日期：1999-01-16 00:00:00
abstract：:MPTP is a neurotoxin thought to damage dopaminergic neurons through free radical formation. MPTP is metabolized in the brain to MPP(+), which is taken up into dopaminergic neurons via the dopamine transporter and assumed to impair mitochondrial function. We used striatal synaptosomes and telencephalic mitochondria to ...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-8993(03)02675-1
更新日期：2003-06-13 00:00:00
abstract：:The neurophysiological correlates of autoinhibition at the terminals of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons were studied by measuring the changes in antidromic excitability of nigrostriatal neurons following local infusions of various catecholamine agonists and antagonists into the neostriatum. Infusions of apomorphine...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-09-10 00:00:00
abstract：:Post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is characterised by hyperarousal, anxiety and amnesic symptoms. Deficits in explicit memory recall have been causally related to volume reductions of the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. While stress-related glucocorticoid secretion appears involved in this apparent atrophy, the...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-8993(03)03033-6
更新日期：2003-09-05 00:00:00
abstract：:We suggested previously that increases in the extracellular [Ca2+] or [Mg2+] lengthen miniature end-plate currents (m.e.p.c.s.) because the divalent cations decrease the negative surface potential on the end-plate, and thereby increase the voltage drop within the membrane. The increased voltage drop would lengthen the...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(82)91065-4
更新日期：1982-06-10 00:00:00
abstract：:Aging leads to a decrease in the number of neurons expressing vasopressin (VP) and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the rat. Similar results were observed following prolonged alcohol consumption and withdrawal. In the latter circumstances, the administration of nerve grow...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2005.04.066
更新日期：2005-06-28 00:00:00
abstract：:This ERP study explores the brain's response to the manipulation of motor compatibility in action-related language. In Experiment 1 participants read sentences in which a protagonist performed two different manual actions either simultaneously or consecutively (e.g. While/after cleaning the wound he unrolled the banda...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2013.06.020
更新日期：2013-08-14 00:00:00
abstract：:The hypothalamic angiotensin II (Ang II) system plays an important role in pituitary hormone release. Little is known about this system in the mouse brain. We studied the distribution of angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE), Ang II, Ang II receptor subtypes, and vasopressin in the hypothalamus of adult male mice. Autor...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-8993(97)00220-5
更新日期：1997-05-23 00:00:00
abstract：:Increased permeability of the brain-blood barrier (BBB) in the piriform cortex (PC) has been reported in various animal models of temporal lobe epilepsy. Since BBB disruption induced by epileptogenic insult has not fully clarified, we attempted to determine whether changes in BBB-related molecules are associated with ...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2010.10.080
更新日期：2011-01-19 00:00:00
abstract：:Stroke is one of the leading causes of unnatural death and disability. No effective therapy is available. Recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF), as a mobilizing agent for bone marrow stem cells, can promote stem cell mobilization, homing to brain after cerebral ischemia. In the present stud...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2006.02.140
更新日期：2006-07-07 00:00:00
