Abstract:
:The A1 and A2 brainstem noradrenergic cell groups project to the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN), which is involved in integrating the stress response. Bi-directional communication between the brain and immune system is well established, with both neuroendocrine and immune responses being activated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The mechanisms underlying such activation and differences between alternative routes of administration remain unclear. We examined activation of the PVN and A1/A2 cell groups, by assessing c-fos mRNA, or counting Fos-positive neurons in either the PVN or in brainstem A1/A2 cell groups 3 h after intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) LPS, in control and adrenalectomized (ADX) rats. We also measured corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) mRNA in the PVN, and plasma corticosterone (CORT) levels. A group of ADX/CORT-replaced animals received i.c.v. LPS, and CRH mRNA and Fos peptide in the PVN were analysed. ADX increased CRH mRNA in the PVN, as did LPS, but no enhancement of this response was seen in LPS/ADX animals. C-fos mRNA also increased in both the PVN and the A2 cell group following LPS, but this response was potentiated by ADX. Fos peptide-containing cells increased in the PVN and A2 following LPS, and this change was amplified by ADX. Only 11.25% of Fos was found in DBH-positive (putative noradrenergic) neurons, suggesting activation of neurons containing other transmitters. ADX/LPS/CORT animals showed numbers of Fos neurons in the brainstem, and CRH mRNA levels in the PVN which were comparable to intact/LPS animals. Central LPS activates the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis, a process mediated partly by brainstem noradrenergic neurons, suggesting the involvement of afferent/efferent pathways within the brain. Peripheral administration of LPS involves activation of vagal inputs leading to the nucleus tractus solitarius. We suggest that centrally administered LPS activates the A2 cell group by a mechanism independent of the vagus. In the absence of CORT, despite the lack of a CRH mRNA response, an exaggerated c-fos and peptide response to LPS is observed, which is reversed following CORT pretreatment.
journal_name
Neuroendocrinologyjournal_title
Neuroendocrinologyauthors
Condé GL,Renshaw D,Zubelewicz B,Lightman SL,Harbuz MSdoi
10.1159/000054474subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-09-01 00:00:00pages
175-85issue
3eissn
0028-3835issn
1423-0194pii
54474journal_volume
70pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE:Cortisol is thought to be involved in the pathophysiology of affective disorders. Less attention has been given to other neuroendocrine factors. The aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis that adrenocortical steroids aldosterone and cortisol show different dynamic changes in the course...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000505921
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Infusion of 2 nmol atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) into the third cerebroventricle of conscious, orchidectomized male rats results in a significant inhibition of prolactin (PRL) secretion. This effect is prevented by prior treatment with the dopamine receptor antagonist, domperidone. Furthermore, domperidone reverses ...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000124922
更新日期:1988-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::[125I]-neuropeptide Y receptors were characterized in the rat pituitary gland using quantitative autoradiography. Scatchard analysis of saturation isotherms showed high affinity (Kd 8.5 x 10(-11) M) and single class of binding sites (Bmax 0.22 pmol/mg of protein) in the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland, with no s...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000125608
更新日期:1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous work has demonstrated that N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) is capable of stimulating luteinizing hormone release in a variety of species. Interestingly, the ability of NMDA to stimulate luteinizing hormone release is significantly compromised in castrated male and female rats as compared to intact animals. The pu...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000126607
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glucocorticoid hormones have important effects on brain function in the context of acute and chronic stress. Many of these are mediated by the glucocorticoid receptor (GR). GR has transcriptional activity which is highly context-specific and differs between tissues and even between cell types. The outcome of GR-mediat...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1159/000499659
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Experiments were carried out to increase the endogenous levels of TRH in brain and spinal cord. After 7 days of continuous oral ingestion of TRH analogs (D-pGlu-Leu-ProNH2, pGlu-Leu-Pro, pGlu-Pro-ProNH2, or pGlu-Leu-pyrrolidide), spinal cord and brain levels of TRH were elevated, whereas the content of TRH metabolite,...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000125118
更新日期:1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The role of endogenous opioid peptides in the control of gonadotropin-releasing hormone pulse generator activity was examined in long-term ovariectomized goats by recording the hypothalamic multiple-unit activity specifically associated with pulsatile luteinizing hormone secretion (MUA volleys). Administration of nalo...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000126418
更新日期:1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of the present study was to examine whether repetitive intravenous injections of L-glutamic acid (Glu), like those of N-methyl-D,L-aspartic acid (NMA), are able to elicit a sustained train of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) discharges from the hypothalamus of the prepubertal male monkey. In order to ...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000126186
更新日期:1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of (D-Met2,Pro5)-enkephalinamide--a superactive enkephalin analogue--on the preovulatory discharge of gonadotrophic hormones and on ovulation were investigated. Injection of the opioid (16 nmol) into a lateral cerebral ventricle of regularly cycling female rats immediately before the critical period on the...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000123135
更新日期:1981-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acute immobilization stress results in changes in the concentration of both dopamine and noradrenaline in specific forebrain limbic system areas, whereas the adrenaline levels remain unchanged. Changes in dopamine concentrations are more restricted than those in noradrenaline concentrations. Dopamine levels are increa...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000123413
更新日期:1982-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prolactin (PRL) secretion from the anterior pituitary is tonically controlled by the activity of the hypothalamic tuberoinfundibular dopaminergic (TIDA) system. Changes in TIDA activity have been associated with the decrease in basal PRL levels shown by hamsters exposed to a short-day photoperiod. Potential concurrent...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000127153
更新日期:1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of ovariectomy on the ultrastructure of neurons within the SCH nuclei of the rabbit were investigated. All SCH neurons of the intact controls were similar in that they showed no morphological evidence of enhanced neurosecretory activity. In contrast, two distinct types of neurons were present within the SC...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000122357
更新日期:1975-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/AIMS:Tryptophan is the precursor of serotonin and niacin (vitamin B3). The latter is critical for normal cellular metabolism. Tryptophan and niacin can be deficient in patients with serotonin-producing neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). Niacin deficiency may lead to severe symptoms including pellagra. In patients...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000440621
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acute electrolytic stimulation of the median raphe (MR) nucleus (MR Stim) between 13:00 and 16:00 h on proestrus blocked ovulation in 10 of the 21 rats tested, whereas all sham-treated (MR Sham, no current) animals ovulated normally (n = 12). MR Stim at 16:00 h on proestrus in individual cannulated rats 'turned off' t...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000122884
更新日期:1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The functions of oxytocin in the female are thought to be confined to the processes of milk ejection and parturition. In this study the role of oxytocin in the body's response to stressful stimuli has been examined. Physical immobilization of rats and forced swimming caused large increases in the secretion of the horm...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000123566
更新日期:1983-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gastric carcinoids are rare neuroendocrine tumors, usually classified as type I, if associated with atrophic body gastritis; type II, if associated with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome and multiple endocrine neoplasia type I, and type III, in the absence of any gastric pathology (sporadic tumors). The pathological features...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1159/000080734
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The possible implication of the amygdaloid central nucleus (ACE) of the rat in the control of ACTH secretion in response to immobilization stress was assessed. The ACTH secretion, in response to stress and/or bilateral lesions of the ACE, was correlated with the serotoninergic activity in specific hypothalamic and amy...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000124652
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In previous studies, we have shown that male Wistar rats exposed to a single inescapable stressor session (15 min restraint) exhibited 24 h later an anxiogenic-like behavior in the elevated plus-maze (EPM), which was reversed by inhibition of corticosterone (CS) synthesis with metyrapone (75 mg/kg i.p.) 3 h before str...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000054643
更新日期:2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Prolactin-raising antipsychotics, risperidone (antidopaminergic activity), may be associated with low bone mass. On the other hand, risperidone may cause an increase in body weight thought to be favorable for bone. OBJECTIVES:(1) To determine bone remodeling parameters and bone mass in patients with schizop...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000329391
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to examine the occurrence of endogenous oscillations of Per1, Per2, Bmal1 and Rev-erbα genes in rat pineal explants and to investigate their regulation by adrenergic ligands. Our results show a significant and sustained rhythm of Per2,Bmal1 and Rev-erbα gene expression for up to 48 h in cultu...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000327430
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) is the major regulator of adrenocortical steroidogenesis in mammals. By comparing the sensitivity to ACTH of isolated adrenocortical cells from two sources of the same strain (Sprague-Dawley, SD) of outbred rats, we have identified a source of rat with low sensitivity to ACTH in vitr...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000054339
更新日期:1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ghrelin is a 28-amino-acid gastric peptide that potently stimulates growth hormone (GH) secretion in vivo and in vitro. Ghrelin-expressing cells have been found in the oxyntic region of the stomach and in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus. The aim of this work was to investigate the regional distribution and dev...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000068653
更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pit-1 expression has been reported to be cell-type-specific in the adult human pituitary and in human pituitary adenomas. In contrast, studies of rodent fetal adenohypophysial development as well as mature rodent glands have indicated that the pit-1 mRNA is ubiquitously expressed and the protein is under translational...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000126975
更新日期:1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We used an in vivo pharmacological approach to investigate the potential influence of serotonin (5-HT) on peptide release from the intermediate lobe (IL) of the rat pituitary. Plasma levels of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) as well as the ultrastructural appearance of IL cells were used as indicators...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000125968
更新日期:1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The possible role of prostaglandins (PGs) in the hypothalamic control of ovulation has been investigated by studying the effects of indomethacin (ID) and PGs on the release of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) from hypothalamic synaptosomes. Female rats were chronically pretreated with ID on diestrus 2 (D2)...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000122888
更新日期:1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Craniopharyngioma (CP) is a rare tumor in the elderly whose clinical features and prognosis are not well known in this population. AIM:To evaluate the clinicopathological features and therapeutic outcomes of CP diagnosed in the elderly. PATIENTS AND METHODS:A retrospective, multicenter, national study of C...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000512161
更新日期:2020-10-09 00:00:00
abstract::Somatostatin receptors on lactotroph cells of the anterior pituitary are positively regulated by estradiol. In the present work, we investigated whether estradiol regulation of somatostatin receptors also occurred in the female rat brain. 125I-Tyr0-DTrp8-somatostatin (125I-SRIF: 780 Ci/mM) was used as a ligand. Female...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000126234
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neurons synthesizing growth hormone releasing factor were detected by immunocytochemistry with specific antiserum against synthetic rat hypothalamic growth hormone releasing factor. Growth hormone releasing factor immunoreactive neurons which also showed tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity were located in the ventro...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000124172
更新日期:1985-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 2016, the third version of guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) has been published by the European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society (ENETS). These guidelines reflect the progress in treatment of NETs, and by comparing the newest guidelines with the first guidelines of 2001, this pr...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1159/000486096
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies were performed to determine the role of thyroid hormone in the suppression of thyrotropin (TSH) by opiates. Serum samples were collected by decapitation 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, or 48 h after rats were implanted with 1 sustained-release morphine (75 mg) or placebo pellet. Morphine decreased TSH by 44% at 1 h and by 83...
journal_title:Neuroendocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000125602
更新日期:1990-09-01 00:00:00