Abstract：
:As the route of breathing and use of airway apparatus such as mask, mouthpiece and noseclip can alter breathing pattern, this study has used the helium dilution method to estimate the effects of mouthpiece and mask breathing on functional residual capacity (FRC) in the supine position, and the change in FRC that occurs between the sitting and supine positions while breathing by mouthpiece. In 13 normal subjects, breathing by mouthpiece, FRC was smaller, by a median of 1.07 litre (interquartile values 0.73-1.43 litre) in the supine compared with the sitting position (P < 0.01), but residual volume (RV) did not change significantly. FRC measured in the supine position was significantly greater when breathing by mask than by mouthpiece (0.25, 0.04-0.38 litre) and RV was greater by similar amounts (0.20, -0.02 to 0.49 litre). This difference may result from increased inspiratory activity while breathing via the mask.
journal_name
Br J Anaesthjournal_title
British journal of anaesthesiaauthors
Drummond GBdoi
10.1093/bja/76.4.560subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-04-01 00:00:00pages
560-2issue
4eissn
0007-0912issn
1471-6771pii
S0007-0912(17)43521-5journal_volume
76pub_type
临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验abstract：BACKGROUND:Pain management in craniotomy patients is challenging, with mild-to-moderate pain intensity, moderate-to-high risk of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), and potentially catastrophic consequences of analgesic-related side-effects. The aim of this study was to determine whether i.v. parecoxib administer...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1093/bja/aer223
更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of the topical application of a lignocaine-prilocaine cream (EMLA) on the pain of venous cannulation was tested in a double-blind manner. Sixty boys and girls between the ages of 4 and 10 yr who were to undergo surgery participated in the study. No analgesic premedication was given and the venous cannulatio...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1093/bja/58.11.1242
更新日期：1986-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Eighty-one consenting women undergoing elective Caesarean section under spinal anaesthesia were randomly divided into two groups. In Group O patients, ondansetron 4 mg was given intravenously at the end of the surgery and 8 mg added to the morphine solution in the PCA syringe. Patients in Group P received only morphin...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1093/bja/87.3.502
更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Continuous intercostal nerve blockade was used to provide analgesia after cholecystectomy. The blockade was maintained by the insertion of a single extradural catheter into an appropriate intercostal space and by "topping-up" with local anaesthetic on demand. Of the patients studied, 92%, and 76%, required no addition...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/bja/55.6.521
更新日期：1983-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The electroencephalogram (EEG) was monitored through all phases of enflurane anaesthesia in dental outpatients with a history of cerebral convulsions which had been well controlled with anticonvulsant drugs. Abnormal EEG activity which differed from the background activity was observed in three patients. Their case re...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/bja/57.10.1029
更新日期：1985-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The neuromuscular and cardiovascular effects of atracurium were compared during nitrous oxide-isoflurane and nitrous oxide-fentanyl anaesthesia in healthy surgical patients. The dose-response curve was shifted significantly to the left during nitrous oxide-isoflurane anaesthesia (ED50 0.068 mg kg-1) as compared with n...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study was designed to observe the effects of i.v. fluid infusion on uterine activity during normal labour in women receiving an extradural block. Thirty-four women in spontaneous labour at term gestation were allocated randomly and prospectively to one of three i.v. pre-extradural fluid load groups: group A, no f...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1093/bja/77.5.632
更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have documented the changes in gas exchange, haemodynamic state and associated physiological variables which occurred after graft reperfusion in 20 patients undergoing uncomplicated orthotopic liver transplantation. Gas exchange was measured during constant ventilation using a metabolic monitor. After reperfusion, ...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/bja/81.3.311
更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Arterial blood and expired gas samples were taken from 20 patients before operation and on the first day after upper abdominal surgery. After operation the patients were studied breathing air and also breathing 35% oxygen from a venturi-type mask. Preoperative Pao2 with age was exaggerated by operation. Pao2 after ope...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/bja/47.4.491
更新日期：1975-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Arterial PO2 (PaO2) has been related to inspired oxygen concentration (FIO2 range 0.21-0.60) in 20 patients, breathing spontaneously, while recovering from a range of conditions treated in an intensive therapy unit. There was a highly significant linear trend (P < 0.001) for the mean venous admixture ("virtual shunt")...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1093/bja/72.5.515
更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The pharmacokinetics of edrophonium were determined in patients anaesthetized with nitrous oxide and halothane undergoing kidney transplant nephrectomy (n=6) or transplantation of a live related donor kidney (n = 6). Serum concentrations of edrophonium were assayed by high pressure liquid chromatography and pharmacoki...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/bja/53.12.1311
更新日期：1981-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Guidelines recommend discontinuation of clopidogrel for 7 days before a neuraxial injection, while other directives suggest that 5 days might be adequate. We examined the time course of antiplatelet activity after clopidogrel discontinuation in patients undergoing epidural injections. METHODS:Thirteen patie...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/bja/aer298
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Eight patients with a history of failed tracheal intubation during pregnancy were investigated by x-ray laryngoscopy after delivery. Partial elevation of the epiglottis with no view of glottic structures was found in five patients who were therefore considered to still present difficulty. In each of these five patient...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/bja/65.6.813
更新日期：1990-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Recent studies have concluded that i.v. dexamethasone can prolong the duration of peripheral nerve blockade. We hypothesized that a 4 mg dose would equally prolong the duration of psoas compartment blocks (PCBs) when compared with 8 mg, and that both doses would prolong the duration when compared with placeb...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.bja.2017.11.073
更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:To study adequate antinociception during general anaesthesia, tetanic stimulus of 5-10 s duration has been used previously as a standardized nociceptive stimulus. However, such stimuli have been found to correlate poorly with intraoperative nociception. We hypothesized that an electrical tetanic stimulus of ...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1093/bja/aem200
更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have examined the effect of isoflurane, halothane and fentanyl on heart rate variability (HRV) using power spectral analysis (PSA). Forty patients were allocated randomly to receive one of four anaesthetic techniques. Anaesthesia was induced with propofol 2 mg kg-1 and all patients breathed a mixture of 66% nitrous...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1093/bja/72.2.177
更新日期：1994-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The serum concentrations of fazadinium and its metabolites were measured in 14 surgical patients with end-stage renal failure and in 11 patients free from kidney disease undergoing abdominal surgery. A two-compartment open model was used in the pharmacokinetic analysis of the data. The elimination half-life (T 1/2 bet...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/bja/51.10.943
更新日期：1979-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The immobilizing effects of volatile anaesthetics are primarily mediated at the spinal level. A suppression of recurrent spinal responses (F-waves), which reflect spinal excitability, has been shown for propofol. We have assessed the concentration-dependent F-wave suppression by propofol and related it to th...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/bja/aei283
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study was designed to determine whether dextran, gelatin or hydroxyethyl starch-based colloidal resuscitation fluids (CRF) are inhibitory to T lymphocyte activation and mitogenesis in vitro. Isolated peripheral blood lymphocytes from normal donors were activated with mitogen (PHA) and cultured in up to 50% v:v CR...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/bja/81.2.242
更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The ultrasound cardiac output monitor (USCOM) is a continuous wave Doppler system designed to measure cardiac output (CO) non-invasively and intermittently either from the pulmonary or from the aortic valve. USCOM scan quality is critical to obtaining reliable data and during anaesthesia it is said to deteri...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/bja/aet254
更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chinese hamster fibroblast cells in stirred suspension cultures were exposed to volatile anaesthetic agents for 3 hr or for 24 hr. Cell viability was measured as colony forming ability and was found to be reduced, in a dose related manner, by halothane, chloroform, methoxyflurane, trichloroetheylene and diethyl ether....
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/bja/47.8.831
更新日期：1975-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Experiments were performed on 14 anaesthetized, artifically ventilated dogs, in which efferent activity in the phrenic nerve was recorded and blood-gas tensions, arterial pH and core temperature were controlled. Doses of midazolam between 0.2 mg kg-1 and 2 mg kg-1 abolished phrenic nerve activity for periods between 3...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/bja/56.10.1161
更新日期：1984-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:In the context of an increasing number of publications of trial data analysed by Bayesian methods, clinicians need support to better understand Bayesian statistical methods. The existing checklists are intended for people who already know these methods. We aimed to establish and validate a checklist that c...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bja.2020.04.093
更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Ultrasound-guided internal jugular venous access increases the rate of successful cannulation and reduces the incidence of complications, compared with the landmark technique. Three transducer orientation approaches have been proposed for this procedure: short-axis (SAX), long-axis (LAX) and oblique-axis (OA...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1093/bja/aev399
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We studied 100 healthy women undergoing outpatient gynaecological laparoscopy in a randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled study to evaluate the effect of neostigmine on postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). After induction of anaesthesia with propofol, anaesthesia was maintained with sevoflurane and 66% n...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1093/bja/81.5.757
更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Protein kinase C (PKC) is a key regulatory enzyme that has been implicated as a molecular target for the action of general anaesthetics. We have determined the effects of halothane on the translocation and down-regulation of conventional PKC (cPKC) by analysing the subcellular distribution of PKC activity, [3H]phorbol...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/bja/78.2.189
更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sepsis is a constellation of clinical signs and symptoms resulting from excessive systemic host inflammatory response to infection. This inflammatory response is largely mediated by cytokines, which are released into the systemic circulation. Plasma concentrations of specific cytokines, TNF alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-6 and ...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1093/bja/77.1.110
更新日期：1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Multiple cognitive and psychiatric disorders are associated with an increased tonic inhibitory conductance that is generated by α5 subunit-containing γ-aminobutyric acid type A (α5 GABAA) receptors. Negative allosteric modulators that inhibit α5 GABAA receptors (α5-NAMs) are being developed as treatments for...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bja.2020.11.032
更新日期：2020-12-30 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:As 6% hydroxyethyl starch (HES) 130/0.40 or 130/0.42 can originate from different vegetable sources, they might have different clinical effects. The purpose of this prospective, randomized, double-blind controlled trial was to compare two balanced tetrastarch solutions, one maize-derived and one potato-deriv...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1093/bja/aew249
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cholinesterase phenotyping studies have been carried out in two laboratories on blood specimens from 28 patients shown to be susceptible to malignant hyperpyrexia. In contrast to previously published reports, no evidence could be found for an increase in the frequency of the E1u E1f genotype above that known to occur ...
journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/bja/53.3.245
更新日期：1981-03-01 00:00:00
