Abstract：
:Therapeutic irradiation of the brain can cause a progressive cognitive dysfunction that may involve defects in neurogenesis. In an effort to understand the mechanisms underlying radiation-induced stem cell dysfunction, neural precursor cells isolated from the adult rat hippocampus were analyzed for acute (0-24 h) and chronic (3-33 days) changes in apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) after exposure to X rays. Irradiated neural precursor cells exhibited an acute dose-dependent apoptosis accompanied by an increase in ROS that persisted over a 3-4-week period. The radiation effects included the activation of cell cycle checkpoints that were associated with increased Trp53 phosphorylation and Trp53 and p21 (Cdkn1a) protein levels. In vivo, neural precursor cells within the hippocampal dentate subgranular zone exhibited significant sensitivity to radiation. Proliferating precursor cells and their progeny (i.e. immature neurons) exhibited dose-dependent reductions in cell number. These reductions were less severe in Trp53-null mice, possibly due to the disruption of apoptosis. These data suggest that the apoptotic and ROS responses may be tied to Trp53-dependent regulation of cell cycle control and stress-activated pathways. The temporal coincidence between in vitro and in vivo measurements of apoptosis suggests that oxidative stress may provide a mechanistic explanation for radiation-induced inhibition of neurogenesis in the development of cognitive impairment.
journal_name
Radiat Resjournal_title
Radiation researchauthors
Limoli CL,Giedzinski E,Rola R,Otsuka S,Palmer TD,Fike JRdoi
10.1667/rr3112subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-01-01 00:00:00pages
17-27issue
1eissn
0033-7587issn
1938-5404pii
RR3112journal_volume
161pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:We have monitored the end points of cellular survival, micronucleus formation and neoplastic transformation frequency to assess adaptation to ionizing radiation in the C3H 10T1/2 mouse embryo cell system. Plateau-phase cells were pre-exposed to an adapting dose of 0.1 to 1.5 Gy low-dose-rate gamma radiation 3.5 h prio...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To study the dynamics of protein recruitment to DNA lesions, ion beams can be used to generate extremely localized DNA damage within restricted regions of the nuclei. This inhomogeneous spatial distribution of lesions can be visualized indirectly and rapidly in the form of radiation-induced foci using immunocytochemic...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/rr3374
更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this study, we investigated the effect of (131)I gelatin microspheres ((131)I-GMSs) on human hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG2) in nude mice (Balb/c) and the biodistribution of (131)I-GMSs after intratumoral injection. The treatment group and control group animals received intratumoral injections of 1 mCi (131)...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR13539.1
更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Deep-space travel presents risks of exposure to ionizing radiation composed of a spectrum of low-fluence protons (1H) and high-charge and energy (HZE) iron nuclei (e.g., 56Fe). When exposed to galactic cosmic rays, each cell in the body may be traversed by 1H every 3-4 days and HZE nuclei every 3-4 months. The effects...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR14667.1
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cells plated immediately after irradiation on nutrient agar (immediate plating) exhibit a lower survival than cells which are kept under nongrowth conditions before plating (delayed plating). The difference between the survival curves obtained after immediate plating and delayed plating is considered to exhibit the ce...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1987-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Inhalation and ingestion of 137Cs and other long-lived radionuclides can occur after large-scale accidental or malicious radioactive contamination incidents, resulting in a complex temporal pattern of radiation dose/dose rate, influenced by radionuclide pharmacokinetics and chemical properties. High-throughput radiati...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RADE-20-00042.1
更新日期：2020-10-16 00:00:00
abstract：:Many studies have shown the importance of altered cellular proto-oncogene expression in contributing to changes in cell survival, cell transformation, and cell cycle progression. In these experiments we examined the effects of total-body exposure of BCF1 mice to gamma rays (3 Gy) in modulating expression of cellular o...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ionizing radiations induce mutations which can be detected both in coding sequences (Hprt locus) by measuring the frequency of 6-thioguanine-resistant cells and in minisatellite sequences by DNA fingerprint analysis. We analyzed the effects of irradiation with low-energy protons (31 keV/pm) and, for comparison, with u...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Effects of 250-kV X rays on epidermal Langerhans cells were studied in CBA/CaH mice. One group received 20 Gy to the feet, another 8 Gy to the whole body, and a third both the 8 Gy whole-body and a 12 Gy local dose to the feet. Mice from each group and controls were sacrificed at intervals from 1 to 64 days later. ATP...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The goal of radiation therapy is to provide the highest probability of tumor control while minimizing normal tissue toxicity. Recently, it has been discovered that ultra-high dose rates of ionizing radiation may preferentially spare normal tissue over tumor tissue. This effect, referred to as FLASH radiotherapy, has b...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR15537.1
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have previously proposed that survival curves for cells of murine NFSa fibrosarcomas after exposure to fast neutrons might demonstrate curvature when the neutron doses reach a level high enough to cure the fibrosarcomas. We report here that this is the case. Murine NFSa fibrosarcomas growing in the hind legs of syn...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Keratinocyte growth factor (FGF7, also known as KGF) ameliorates the radiation response of mouse oral mucosa and other epithelial tissues. However, the precise mechanisms remain unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of FGF7 on the survival and colony size of normal human epidermal keratin...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/0033-7587(2001)156[0761:eokgfo]2.0.co;2
更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Reverse-biased silicon p-n junction arrays using Silicon-On-Insulator technology have been proposed as microdosimeters. The performance of such detectors in boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is discussed. This work provides the first reported measurements using boron-coated silicon diode arrays as microdosimeters i...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although skin is usually exposed during human exposures to ionizing radiation, there have been no thorough examinations of the transcriptional response of skin fibroblasts and keratinocytes to radiation. The transcriptional response of quiescent primary fibroblasts and keratinocytes exposed to from 10 cGy to 5 Gy and ...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR1677.1
更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Vascular injury after radiation exposure contributes to multiple types of tissue injury through a cascade of events. Some of the earliest consequences of radiation damage include increased vascular permeability and promotion of inflammation, which is partially manifested by increased leukocyte-endothelial (L/E) intera...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR14896.1
更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although conclusive evidence has been obtained for the presence of radiation-induced bystander effects, the mechanisms that trigger and regulate these processes are still largely unknown. The bystander effect may play a critical role in determining the biological effectiveness of low-dose exposures, but questions on h...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/rr3319
更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tumor radiotherapy with large-field irradiation results in an increase of p53-dependent apoptosis of the radiosensitive hematopoietic stem cells. Proapoptotic PUMA is a transcriptional target of p53. Thus suppression of PUMA expression by gene therapy with the transcription repressor SNAI2 as transgene might be a pote...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR1952.1
更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Single crystals of the co-crystalline complex of 1-methyluracil and 9-ethyladenine were X-irradiated and studied using EPR, ENDOR and FSE spectroscopic techniques at 10 K. All together seven radicals were identified, and experimental evidence for at least one more species, as well as for a very low population of radic...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This work provides a description of a new interaction, cross-section-based model for radiation-induced cellular inactivation, sublethal damage, DNA repair and cell survival, with the ability to more accurately elucidate different radiation-response phenomena. The principal goal of this work is to describe the damage-i...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RADE-20-00052.1
更新日期：2020-09-16 00:00:00
abstract：:Ketogenic diets are low in carbohydrates and high in fat, which forces cells to rely more heavily upon mitochondrial oxidation of fatty acids for energy. Relative to normal cells, cancer cells are believed to exist under a condition of chronic mitochondrial oxidative stress that is compensated for by increases in gluc...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR14668.1
更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tissue oxygenation influences the radiation response of tumors. To further investigate the underlying mechanisms of tumor hypoxia, the spatial distribution of hypoxic cells in relation to the vasculature was studied. In a panel of three human glioma xenograft lines (E2, E102, E106) with different growth characteristic...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/0033-7587(2002)157[0626:qaovpo]2.0.co;2
更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A rare T-cell subpopulation, CD4-8- alpha beta T cells, may be differentiated through a pathway (or pathways) different from the pathway(s) of conventional CD4+ or CD8+ T cells. In the present study, the frequencies of CD4-8-T cells in peripheral-blood alpha beta T cells in 409 atomic bomb survivors (160 estimated to ...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Long-term retention of 133Ba in the trachea from intratracheally administered BaSO4 particles was determined by both serial sacrifice and external scanning methods up to 6 months after injection. The amount of 133Ba retained 1 week after injection in the caudal region of the trachea, where the tip of the cannula had b...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1987-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Proton exposure induces mutations and cancer, which are presumably linked. Because protons are abundant in the space environment and significant uncertainties exist for the effects of space travel on human health, the purpose of this study was to identify the types of mutations induced by exposure of mammalian cells t...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR3174.1
更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To determine whether systemic administration of MnSOD-PL protected mice from the acute hematopoietic syndrome and delayed death after total-body irradiation (TBI), C57BL/ 6J mice were injected intravenously with 100 microl liposomes containing 100 microg of human MnSOD-transgene plasmid 24 h prior to irradiation with ...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/rr1286.1
更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The increasingly wider use of microdosimetry in fields other than pure radiobiological research, especially in "practical" domains such as radiation protection and medical physics, has created a number of new practitioners who are not fully acquainted with many of the experimental pitfalls which beset the aspiring mic...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mortality data for B6CF1 mice exposed to 60Co gamma rays for the duration of life were used to make quantitative predictions of age-specific mortality observed in comparably exposed beagles. Simple Kaplan-Meier survival curves for the beagles and their 95% confidence intervals were computed for each dose-rate group ob...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In a series of Russian and Ukrainian papers published from 1974-1986, it was reported that 30-day whole-body exposures to continuous-wave (CW) radiofrequency (RF) radiation at 2375 MHz and 5 W/m(2) disrupted the antigenic structure of rat brain tissue. The authors suggested that this action caused an autoimmune respon...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR1541.1
更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It has been suggested that fibrosis which develops after irradiation is caused by increases in vascular permeability. Plasma proteins leak into irradiated tissue where fibrinogen may be converted into fibrin which is gradually replaced by fibrous tissue. Vascular and fibrotic changes in mouse lung were investigated af...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1985-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In a patient with Morbus Hodgkin, structural aberrations of the chromosome type in peripheral lymphocytes were analyzed during radiation therapy (accumulated target dose 44.6 Gy: 22 fractions of 1.8 Gy each and 2 fractions of 2.5 Gy each at the end of the therapy). The blood was sampled about 5 min after a fraction an...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1988-06-01 00:00:00
