Abstract：
:Spinal cord injuries often lead to disorders in the control of autonomic function, including problems with blood pressure regulation, voiding, defecation and reproduction. The root cause of all these problems is the destruction of brain pathways that control spinal autonomic neurons lying caudal to the lesion. Changes induced by spinal cord injuries have been most extensively studied in sympathetic preganglionic neurons, cholinergic autonomic neurons with cell bodies in the lateral horn of thoracic and upper lumbar spinal cord that are the sources of sympathetic outflow. After an injury, sympathetic preganglionic neurons in mid-thoracic cord show plastic changes in their morphology. There is also extensive loss of synaptic input from the brain, leaving these neurons profoundly denervated in the acute phase of injury. Our recent studies on sympathetic preganglionic neurons in lower thoracic and upper lumbar cord that regulate the pelvic viscera suggest that these neurons are not so severely affected by spinal cord injury. Spinal interneurons appear to contribute most of the synaptic input to these neurons so that injury does not result in extensive denervation. Since intraspinal circuitry remains intact after injury, drug treatments targeting these neurons should help to normalize sympathetically mediated pelvic visceral reflexes. Furthermore, sympathetic pelvic visceral control may be more easily restored after an injury because it is less dependent on the re-establishment of direct synaptic input from regrowing brain axons.
journal_name
Prog Brain Resjournal_title
Progress in brain researchauthors
Llewellyn-Smith IJ,Weaver LC,Keast JRdoi
10.1016/S0079-6123(05)52001-6subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-01-01 00:00:00pages
11-26eissn
0079-6123issn
1875-7855pii
S0079-6123(05)52001-6journal_volume
152pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Sub-lethal exposure to practically any harmful stimulus has been shown to induce consequent protection against more severe stress. This preconditioning (PC) effect may be achieved by exposure to different stressors, indicating that the induction of tolerance involves activation of common protective pathways. Chronic e...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(06)61025-X
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the last few years, theorists have argued that culture can shape processes of basic visual perception. This work has primarily focused on cultural influences in nonsocial domains, such as cross-cultural differences in seeing and attending to focal stimuli versus backgrounds. Recently, researchers have begun to exam...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(09)17813-5
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present chapter outlines current thinking regarding serotonin and dopamine in schizophrenia. Each has individually been linked to theories regarding the illness' pathophysiology although the focus here is on their interactive role, a model that has driven drug development in the field for the last 10-15 years. Wit...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(08)00906-0
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the target article, Hardy and colleagues provided an incisive analysis of retrospectively reported psychosocial factors associated with the development and careers of 32 former athletes from Olympic sports. They found that Super-Elite athletes ("serial" medal winners at major international championships, i.e., Worl...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/bs.pbr.2016.11.006
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nitric oxide (NO) is widespread in the nervous system and is thought to play a role in a variety of different neuronal functions, including learning and memory (see other chapters, this volume). A number of behavioral studies have indicated that NO is involved in several types of learning such as motor learning (Yanag...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0079-6123(08)63206-9
更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Oxidative stress is known to play a key role in the initiation and promotion of the neurodegeneration that characterizes the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease (AD). An accumulation of redox active transition metals, including iron and copper, is likely a major generator of reactive oxidative species and other free rad...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(08)80005-2
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(08)01134-5
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0079-6123(01)33024-8
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0079-6123(08)63186-6
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(05)50020-7
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(04)47018-6
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/bs.pbr.2017.02.004
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0079-6123(08)62150-0
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/B978-0-444-62604-2.00008-3
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/B978-0-444-63520-4.00007-7
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(10)82002-3
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/bs.pbr.2020.05.009
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(04)48005-4
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent years have brought a rapid growth in knowledge of the prodromal phase of Parkinson's disease (PD). It is now clear that the clinical phase of PD is preceded by a phase of progressing neurodegeneration lasting many years. This involves not only central nervous system structures outside the substantia nigra and n...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/bs.pbr.2020.01.003
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journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(08)00636-5
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/bs.pbr.2017.05.004
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(05)50030-X
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/B978-0-444-53702-7.00001-4
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/bs.pbr.2020.05.024
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 传,历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/bs.pbr.2014.11.007
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Several studies provided evidence for neuroendocrine dysregulations in adults with a history of child sexual abuse. This review focuses on neuroendocrine studies in sexually abused children and adolescents, dating from January 1, 1990 to January 1, 2007 and obtained from a systematic Medline Indexed literature search ...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(07)67028-9
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/bs.pbr.2018.09.011
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/bs.pbr.2019.05.002
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(07)66034-8
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The role of the vesitibulo-cerebellum of the rabbit in the control of the vestibulo-ocular response (VOR) and optokinetic response (OKR) reflexes was investigated by bilateral microinjections, into the flocculus, of substances affecting GABAergic or noradrenergic neurotransmission. GABA, the main transmitter through w...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0079-6123(08)63829-7
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
