Abstract：
:This is a brief review of event-related brain potentials (ERPs) as indices of cortical information processing in conditions in which conscious perception of stimuli is supposed to be absent: sleep, coma, vegetative state, general anesthesia, neglect as well as presentation of subliminal or masked stimuli. Exogenous ERP components such as N1 and P2 are much more likely to remain in all these conditions than endogenous components. Further, all varieties of the late posterior positive ERP waves (e.g., P3b, P600, late positive complex) are most difficult to be elicited in such conditions, indicating that the cortical activity underlying the late posterior positivity may have a particularly close relationship to brain mechanisms of conscious perception. Contrary to what might be expected, reliable ERP effects indicating complex analysis of semantic stimulus features (i.e., meaning) can be recorded without conscious awareness, generally, as easy as (in some conditions, even easier than) ERP components related to rather simple physical stimulus features. It should be emphasized, however, that we never should overestimate our confidence about the degree of subjects' unawareness. Particularly in the conditions in which no behavioral response can be obtained (e.g., sleep, coma, anesthesia), residual conscious processing, at least in some subjects and on some trials, cannot be ruled out.
journal_name
Prog Brain Resjournal_title
Progress in brain researchauthors
Kotchoubey Bdoi
10.1016/S0079-6123(05)50030-Xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-01-01 00:00:00pages
427-44eissn
0079-6123issn
1875-7855pii
S0079-6123(05)50030-Xjournal_volume
150pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Disrupted in Schizophrenia-1 (DISC1) is one of the most likely susceptibility genes for schizophrenia (SZ). DISC1 is being established as a hub protein with various functions in the pre- and postnatal development of the nervous system. Since generation of a knockout (KO) mouse has proved challenging, various alternati...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(09)17909-8
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Individual differences in cognitive functioning during extended work hours and shift work are of considerable magnitude, and observed both in the laboratory and in the workplace. These individual differences have a biological basis in trait-like, differential vulnerability to fatigue from sleep loss and circadian misa...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/B978-0-444-53817-8.00009-8
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The role of the vesitibulo-cerebellum of the rabbit in the control of the vestibulo-ocular response (VOR) and optokinetic response (OKR) reflexes was investigated by bilateral microinjections, into the flocculus, of substances affecting GABAergic or noradrenergic neurotransmission. GABA, the main transmitter through w...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0079-6123(08)63829-7
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The complex migrations of neurons born in the dorsal neural tube of the isthmic and rhombomere l (rl) domains complicate the delineation of the cerebellar primordium. We show that Purkinje cells (P) are likely generated over a wide territory before gathering in the future cerebellar primordium under the developing ext...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0079-6123(04)48003-0
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We review neural connections of the superior colliculus (SC) and brainstem saccade-related neurons in relation to saccade generation mechanism. The caudal and rostral SC play a role in saccade generation and visual fixation, respectively. This functional differentiation suggests that different connections should exist...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/bs.pbr.2019.04.007
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:John Bell, brother-surgeon of Charles Bell, was, like Charles, an outstanding surgeon and a good artist. John was one of the few who illustrated his work with their own drawings in the days before audiovisual aids were available and without the benefit of reliable drawing aids, photography and computer-aided design. C...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 传,历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/B978-0-444-62730-8.00006-2
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Injuries to the adult mammalian spinal cord often lead to severe damage to both ascending (sensory) pathways and descending (motor) nerve pathways without the perspective of complete functional recovery. Future spinal cord repair strategies should comprise a multi-factorial approach addressing several issues, includin...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(03)46029-9
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Metabolic status varies predictably on a daily and seasonal basis in order to adapt to the cyclical environment. The hypothalamic circadian pacemaker of the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) co-ordinates these metabolic cycles. Circadian timing is based upon a transcriptional/post-translational negative feedback loop invol...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(06)53015-8
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is widely believed that mammalian CNS axons have little regenerative capacity because their environment is non-permissive to regrowth. This viewpoint is based, in large part, on the fact that in virtually all previous studies on regeneration following spinal cord injury, regenerated axonal projections have been few...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(03)43015-X
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Otoacoustic emissions can be used to study cochlear function in an objective, non-invasive and rapid manner. These and other desirable features of emissions have inspired a significant amount of investigation into the practicalities of utilizing evoked emissions as clinical tests of hearing. Variables which affect the...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0079-6123(08)62265-7
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Predictive processes are widespread in the motor and sensory areas of the primate brain. They enable rapid computations despite processing delays and assist in resolving noisy, ambiguous input. Here we propose that the frontal eye field, a cortical area devoted to sensorimotor aspects of eye movement control, implemen...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(08)00656-0
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Understanding how action perception, embodiment, and emotion interact is essential for advancing knowledge about how we perceive and interact with each other in a social world. One tool that has proved particularly useful in the past decade for exploring the relationship between perception, action, and affect is dance...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/bs.pbr.2018.03.012
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness all over the world. The degree of visual field loss accounts for the severity of the disease and represents the main clinical outcome of treatment for patients affected by glaucoma. The α2 agonists, like brimonidine, emerged in the 1960s as topical opht...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/bs.pbr.2020.07.008
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It has been tacitly assumed that a long descending motor tract axon consists of a private line connecting the cell of origin to a single muscle, as a motoneuron innervates a single muscle. However, this notion of a long descending motor tract referred to as a private line is no longer tenable, since recent studies hav...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(05)51017-3
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Studies in vitro and in other disease states where excitotoxicity is believed to be important have demonstrated that mitochondrial function is a critical determinant of cell death, reflecting key roles in intracellular calcium homeostasis, energy production and oxidative stress. Central to this is the process of mitoc...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(02)35018-0
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The chapter reviews a classical Indian model of consciousness found in the Abhidhamma, a collection of seven treatises in the Pali Canon Tipitaka. The model was based on observations made during advanced vipassana practice, a first-person method taught by the Buddha. The climax of the model consists in the elucidation...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(07)68020-0
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This chapter describes current findings from the research into postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) following cardiac and non-cardiac surgery in older adults. The evidence suggests that a significant proportion of patients show POCD in the early weeks following surgery and anesthesia. Specific domains of cogniti...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(07)00026-X
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Network oscillations are proposed to provide the framework for the ongoing neural computations of the brain. Thus, an important aspect of understanding the functional roles of various cell classes in the brain is to understand the relationship of cellular activity to the ongoing oscillations. While many studies have c...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(07)63012-X
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The data presented in this paper show that the appropriate tools are now available to study the behavior of PLP and DM20 transcripts engineered with either point mutations or deletion of specific domains. Such studies should begin to provide new insights into the functions of PLP and DM20 and their role in relation to...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0079-6123(08)63307-5
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Research points to the notion that athletes have the potential to benefit from difficulty. This phenomenon-otherwise known as growth following adversity-has attracted increasing attention from sport psychology scholars. In this paper, we systematically review and synthesize the findings of studies in this area to bett...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/bs.pbr.2017.06.002
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Modern philosophy of mind cannot be understood without recent developments in computer science, artificial intelligence (AI), robotics, neuroscience, biology, linguistics, and psychology. Classical philosophy of formal languages as well as symbolic AI assume that all kinds of knowledge must explicitly be represented b...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(07)68010-8
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:For diagnostic purposes, a differentiation can be made between the locus coeruleus (LC) in normal brain and the LC, in senile dementia of the Alzheimer's type (SDAT) and Parkinson's disease (PD). The differentiation is based on findings concerning the morphological alterations of the TH-immunoreactive; neurons, on the...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0079-6123(08)63839-x
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the present contribution, the various functional interpretations concerning the putative function of the orbital prefrontal cortex are reviewed since this region and adjacent areas are considered the neural substrate of social behavior in general, and decision-making behavior in particular. This literature review r...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(09)01306-5
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Quantitative models of the oculomotor plant and control of the saccadic eye movement system are presented in this chapter. Oculomotor plant models described here are linear, including a second-order model by Westheimer (1954), Bahill et al. (1980) and Enderle et al. (2000). The model of the saccade generator is initia...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(02)40040-4
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The organization of key molecules at glutamatergic synapses in the rat cerebellar cortex as analyzed by high resolution immunocytochemical techniques using gold particles as markers. The distinct compartmentation of glutamate and glutamine was consistent with biochemical data indicating an active role of glia in the r...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0079-6123(08)63360-9
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although visually responsive neurons predominate in the deep layers of the superior colliculus (SC), the majority of them also receive sensory inputs from nonvisual sources (i.e. auditory and/or somatosensory). Most of these 'multisensory' neurons are able to synthesize their cross-modal inputs and, as a consequence, ...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0079-6123(01)34011-6
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The main topic of this overview is an analysis of the concepts of phase and synchrony, as used in neurophysiology, in their various meanings. A number of notions related to the concepts of phase and synchrony, which are incorporated in contemporary neurophysiology, particularly in the domain of neuro-cognitive physiol...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(06)59001-6
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The ability to silence, in a temporally precise fashion, the electrical activity of specific neurons embedded within intact brain tissue, is important for understanding the role that those neurons play in behaviors, brain disorders, and neural computations. "Optogenetic" silencers, genetically encoded molecules that, ...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/B978-0-444-59426-6.00003-3
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In vivo functional imaging has provided objective evidence for the integration and function of nigral grafts in the brains of patients with Parkinson's disease. Clinical trials with the use of positron emission tomography have shown that transplants of human dopamine-rich fetal ventral mesencephalic tissue can survive...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/B978-0-444-59575-1.00009-0
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It was generally accepted by the early 1960s that proton beam radiosurgery was too complex and impractical. The need was seen for a new machine. The beam design had to be as good as a proton beam. It was also decided that a static design was preferable even if the evolution of that notion is no longer clear. Complex c...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/B978-0-444-63520-4.00007-7
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
