Abstract:
OBJECTIVES:The objectives of this study were to assess whether socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with dysregulation of the cortisol diurnal rhythm and whether this association is independent of race and occurs equally in whites and blacks; and to determine if an association between SES and cortisol can be explained (is mediated) by behavioral, social, and emotional differences across the SES gradient. METHODS:Seven hundred eighty-one subjects from a multisite sample representing both whites and blacks provided six saliva cortisol samples over the course of the day: at awakening, 45 minutes, 2.5 hours, 8 hours, and 12 hours after awakening, and at bedtime. RESULTS:Both lower SES (education and income) and being black were associated with higher evening levels of cortisol. These relationships were independent of one another and SES associations with cortisol were similar across racial categories. The evidence was consistent with poorer health practices (primarily smoking), higher levels of depressive symptoms, poorer social networks and supports, and feelings of helplessness (low mastery) mediating the link between SES and cortisol. However, we found no evidence for psychosocial or behavioral mediation of the association between race and cortisol response. CONCLUSIONS:Lower SES was associated in a graded fashion with flatter diurnal rhythms as a result of less of a decline during the evening. This association occurred independent of race and the data were consistent with mediation by health practices, emotional and social factors. Blacks also showed a flatter rhythm at the end of the day. This association was independent of SES and could not be explained by behavioral, social, or emotional mediators.
journal_name
Psychosom Medjournal_title
Psychosomatic medicineauthors
Cohen S,Schwartz JE,Epel E,Kirschbaum C,Sidney S,Seeman Tdoi
10.1097/01.psy.0000195967.51768.easubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-01-01 00:00:00pages
41-50issue
1eissn
0033-3174issn
1534-7796pii
68/1/41journal_volume
68pub_type
杂志文章abstract:OBJECTIVE:Previous research demonstrated that social environment can influence progression of atherosclerosis in the Watanabe Heritable Hyperlipidemic (WHHL) rabbit. This study examined the effect of social environment on markers of oxidative stress and inflammation to clarify the physiological pathways potentially res...
journal_title:Psychosomatic medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/PSY.0b013e3181646753
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Bipolar disorder (BD) is associated with elevated cardiovascular mortality rates. We investigated the modulation of l-arginine-nitric oxide (NO) signaling in platelets from patients with BD at different phases. METHODS:Platelets obtained from 28 patients with BD and 10 healthy volunteers were analyzed for l-...
journal_title:Psychosomatic medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/PSY.0b013e3182689460
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To describe factors influencing chest pain expression in patients with cardiac or noncardiac disease. METHODS:The authors conducted a case presentation and review of literature. RESULTS:Causes of chest pain are diverse. Psychologic factors influence chest pain expression commonly in patients with or without...
journal_title:Psychosomatic medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.psy.0000146330.80895.77
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study's purpose was to examine the extent to which optimism, knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs predict use of HIV testing services in a group of at-risk female adolescents. We prospectively interviewed 124 consecutive girls engaging in risky behaviors before regularly scheduled pediatric clinic appointments at a ...
journal_title:Psychosomatic medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00006842-199511000-00006
更新日期:1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Altered autonomic nervous system activity is considered to be involved in the pathophysiology of somatic symptom disorder (SSD). This study aimed to investigate whether patients with SSD have disturbed autonomic activity during rest and reactivity to emotional processing and whether altered autonomic nervous ...
journal_title:Psychosomatic medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/PSY.0000000000000622
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:A model for the development of anxiety disorders (panic disorder with or without agoraphobia) is needed. Patients with an implantable cardioverter/defibrillator (ICD) are exposed to repeated electric shocks. If the theory of anxiety development by aversive classic conditioning processes is valid, these repeat...
journal_title:Psychosomatic medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00006842-200103000-00006
更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To determine if: 1) depressed patients with a recent acute myocardial infarction (AMI) have higher nighttime heart rate (HR) than nondepressed patients, and 2) elevated nighttime HR is associated with decreased survival post AMI. Depression is a risk factor for mortality post AMI. It is also associated with ...
journal_title:Psychosomatic medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/PSY.0b013e3181835ca3
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:This study examined whether anxiety and depression were independently associated with elevated blood pressure in elderly persons. METHOD:The study group consisted of 1389 subjects aged 59 to 71 years recruited from the electoral rolls of the city of Nantes (France). Subjects completed the Center for Epidemio...
journal_title:Psychosomatic medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00006842-199901000-00013
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper examines the relation of two personality characteristics (dominance and anger) to hormones in normally aging men. The relation of the Jackson Personality Research Form E Dominance subscale and the Spielberger Anger Expression scale to serum levels of 17 endocrine variables, including testosterone (T) and di...
journal_title:Psychosomatic medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00006842-199107000-00003
更新日期:1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Patients with recurrent chest pain but no evidence of coronary artery disease often meet diagnostic criteria for panic disorder (PD). However, it can be argued that the phenomenological diagnosis of PD may not be valid in these normal coronary chest pain (NCCP) patients. The purpose of this study is to additi...
journal_title:Psychosomatic medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00006842-199801000-00013
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The association of apolipoprotein E (apoE) polymorphism with temperament and Type A behavior was studied in 1577 randomly selected healthy children, adolescents, and young adults during a follow-up period of 9 years. Temperament was correlated with apoE phenotypes. Motor activity, even hyperactivity, in childhood and ...
journal_title:Psychosomatic medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00006842-199303000-00004
更新日期:1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Depression has been associated with increased risk of heart failure (HF). Because anxiety is highly comorbid with depression, we sought to establish if anxiety, depression, or their co-occurrence is associated with incident HF. METHODS:A retrospective cohort (N = 236,079) including Veteran's Administration p...
journal_title:Psychosomatic medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/PSY.0000000000000027
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Although the association between major depressive disorder (MDD) and future cardiovascular disease (CVD) is established, less is known about the relationship between CVD risk factors and future depression, and no studies have examined MDD subtypes. Our objective was to determine whether hypertension, tobacco ...
journal_title:Psychosomatic medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/PSY.0000000000000583
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study examines patient outcomes up to seven years after a one-year, post-myocardial infarction (MI) stress monitoring and management program. A previous randomized controlled trial involving 461 male patients demonstrated that the program lowered stress scores and reduced one-year cardiac deaths by almost 50%, bu...
journal_title:Psychosomatic medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00006842-198909000-00002
更新日期:1989-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Previous research has suggested a link between chronic anxiety and peptic ulcer disease, though recent evidence documenting an infectious cause (Helicobacter pylori) for ulcer has led to doubt about this association. The goal of the current study was to determine the relationship between generalized anxiety d...
journal_title:Psychosomatic medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.psy.0000038935.67401.f3
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Acute myocardial infarction is often accompanied by anxiety, but the effect of this emotion on recovery is unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between patient anxiety early after acute myocardial infarction and the incidence of subsequent in-hospital complications. METHODS:We ...
journal_title:Psychosomatic medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1097/00006842-199609000-00001
更新日期:1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To examine associations between intelligence and psychomotor coordination in childhood and risk of psychological distress, poorer self-rated health, and obesity in adulthood. To investigate whether psychomotor coordination as a potential marker of the construct "system integrity" explains associations betwee...
journal_title:Psychosomatic medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/PSY.0b013e3181a63b2e
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous work from our group has examined the relationship between stress and immunodepression in medical students taking National Boards, Part I, and has described a relationship between stress intrusion scores (SIS) and immunodepression. We have also shown that a high proportion of individuals with generalized anxie...
journal_title:Psychosomatic medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00006842-199603000-00007
更新日期:1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Psychosocial work characteristics, such as work demand, work control, and social support at work, have been shown to be related to the development of coronary heart disease in epidemiological studies. However, the mechanisms which mediate the social and psychological effects on the cardiovascular system are not known....
journal_title:Psychosomatic medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1097/00006842-199101000-00005
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:This study was designed to evaluate the relationship between left ventricular (LV) mass and blood pressure (BP) recorded in the following contexts: in the clinic, using standard auscultatory procedures, during a typical day using ambulatory BP monitoring, and in the laboratory environment during behavioral st...
journal_title:Psychosomatic medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00006842-200203000-00007
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Schizophrenia is associated with excess medical mortality: patients have an average life expectancy one to two decades shorter than the general population. This study investigates the relationship between aberrant hippocampal resting-state functional connectivity in schizophrenia and cumulative subclinical ef...
journal_title:Psychosomatic medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/PSY.0000000000000813
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Research on the health of workers involved in the cleanup after the attack on the World Trade Center (WTC) on September 11, 2001, has documented high rates of psychological distress and upper gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms. The current article examines the concurrent and longitudinal associations of psycholo...
journal_title:Psychosomatic medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/PSY.0000000000000116
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Stress or emotional traumas are considered risk factors for unexplained fatiguing illnesses. From July to December 2001, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention conducted a multigeographical pilot study to test the feasibility of a survey to estimate the prevalence of fatiguing illnesses in the United ...
journal_title:Psychosomatic medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.psy.0000138116.12495.a2
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess the association of baseline anxiety with depression persistence and change in depressive symptoms 6 months after cardiac hospitalization. METHODS:Data were analyzed from 137 depressed patients hospitalized on inpatient cardiac units for acute coronary syndrome, decompensated heart failure, or arrhy...
journal_title:Psychosomatic medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/PSY.0b013e31823d38bc
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The thermal grill illusion (TGI) in which interlacing cold and warm bars create the illusion of a painful sensation has been suggested as an experimental model for central pain states and pain processing. The aim of this study was to use this technique to gain further insights into the altered pain perception...
journal_title:Psychosomatic medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/PSY.0b013e3182881a9c
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patients who underwent repetitive repetitive coronary angiograms at an average interval of 17 months completed the Jenkins Activity Survey (n = 66) and were given the Rosenman diagnostic interview to measure Type A behavior (n = 45). Significant progression of coronary artery disease was judged to be an increase in oc...
journal_title:Psychosomatic medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00006842-197910000-00003
更新日期:1979-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this article, we review the differences between momentary, retrospective, and trait self-report techniques and discuss the unique role that ambulatory reports of momentary experience play in psychosomatic medicine. After a brief historical review of self-report techniques, we discuss the latest perspective that lin...
journal_title:Psychosomatic medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/PSY.0b013e3182546f18
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The two objectives are to test the hypothesis that women in a profession with low decision latitude will have greater catecholamine excretion and higher blood pressure than women in a profession with greater decision latitude, and to assess the influence of ethnicity on the occupational comparison. METHODS:...
journal_title:Psychosomatic medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.psy.0000222356.71315.8e
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study compared the neurobehavioral performance of hypertensive and normotensive men and women using neuropsychological, information-processing, and psychometric assessments. One hundred subjects, including 68 hypertensive and 32 normotensive individuals, completed a test battery that yielded scores on measures of...
journal_title:Psychosomatic medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00006842-199301000-00008
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Somatic symptom disorder (SSD) often co-occurs with major depressive disorder (MDD). Both conditions share common psychobiological and biobehavioral characteristics, but little is known about differential patterns in brain function. In this study, we compared resting-state functional brain connectivity betwee...
journal_title:Psychosomatic medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/PSY.0000000000000490
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00