Abstract:
:During a simple reaction time task using auditory or visual stimuli, a total of 96 single units were recorded from the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex of macaque monkeys. These monkeys were trained to depress a lever for a fixed period which produced a tone burst or a small spot of light. After a variable period, the stimulus intensity changed, and then, the monkey released the lever. Eighty-one cue-related units were classified into 3 types according to their decay time; that is, phasic, tonic and mixed. Phasic units (n = 19) showed a transient increase of discharge rate with a relatively short peak latency (70-300 ms). Of these, 17 units responded exclusively to either visual or auditory stimuli and two to both. Tonic units (n = 55) showed enhanced or suppressed activity, with longer latencies, which was sustained as long as the cue period continued. The temporal pattern of the discharge in 23 tonic units was found to be similar for both the auditory and visual cues. Seven mixed-type units showed combined phasic and tonic patterns. Lever release-related units (n = 15) were activated only during the period of lever release with no distinction in cue modality. It is suggested that the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex receives sensory inputs fairly discretely on the phasic-type neurons and that these sensory activities are transmitted to the tonic-type neurons which lead to an initiation of the lever release behavior.
journal_name
Brain Resjournal_title
Brain researchauthors
Ito SIdoi
10.1016/0006-8993(82)91025-3subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1982-09-09 00:00:00pages
39-47issue
1eissn
0006-8993issn
1872-6240pii
0006-8993(82)91025-3journal_volume
247pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
BRAIN RESEARCH文献大全abstract::Intracellular recordings were obtained from 212 neurons of the coronal pericruciate cortex of 7 awake, untrained cats. Glass microelectrodes, filled with K+ citrate alone or K+ citrate with either cyclic GMP or 5'-GMP were used for recording and for injecting steady depolarizing and hyperpolarizing currents intracellu...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(78)90680-7
更新日期:1978-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::In adolescence, gender differences in rates of affective disorders emerge. For both adolescent boys and girls, peer relationships are the primary source of life stressors though adolescent girls are more sensitive to such stressors. Social stressors are also powerful stressors for non-human social species like rodents...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2010.04.068
更新日期:2010-07-09 00:00:00
abstract::The present report summarizes the results obtained in previous experiments in which the responses to lateral tilt of both reticulocerebellar neurons located in the lateral reticular nucleus (NRL) and ascending spinoreticular tract axons, located in the lateral funiculi of the cervical segments C2-C3, had been recorded...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(75)90112-2
更新日期:1975-09-23 00:00:00
abstract::Present study revealed the stimulatory effects of delta opioid receptor on intracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) in SH-SY5Y cells. Fura-2 based single cell fluorescence ratio (F345/F380) was used to monitor the fluctuation of [Ca(2+)](i). Application of the selective delta-opioid receptor agonist alone, [D-...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(00)02904-8
更新日期:2000-11-03 00:00:00
abstract::Obesity and related metabolic disorders are important side effects of some antipsychotic drugs (APs). The currently available animal model of AP-induced bodyweight gain (BWG) in rats is based on administration of sulpiride (SUL). However, this model has important limitations. For example, SUL is a pure dopamine antago...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(02)03616-8
更新日期:2002-12-06 00:00:00
abstract::We have previously shown that hypothyroidism produces a decrease in the number of spines counted along the apical shafts of pyramidal neurons of the cortex. Nevertheless, other authors have found that when an animal is subjected to some adverse living conditions the size of the spines decreases, making them invisible ...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(85)90057-5
更新日期:1985-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of acute and chronic phencyclidine (PCP) administration on neurotensin-like immunoreactivity (NTLI) were investigated in discrete regions of rat brain. Both acute and chronic administration of PCP induced high locomotor activity, stereotypy and ataxia. On PCP administration, NTLI decreased significantly in...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(85)91601-4
更新日期:1985-05-06 00:00:00
abstract::The chemokines CCL2 and CCL7 are upregulated in the brain during several neurodegenerative and acute diseases associated with infiltration of peripheral leukocytes. Astrocytes can respond to inflammatory cytokines like IL-1beta and TNF-alpha by producing chemokines. This study aims to test the ability of IL-1beta and ...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2009.06.081
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In gerbils pentylenetetrazole- or handling-induced seizures were accompanied by cerebral formation of small amounts of cysteinyl-leukotrienes (LT) but large amounts of prostaglandin (PG) F2 alpha. By contrast, in rats injected with pentylenetetrazole or bicuculline very large amounts of PGF2 alpha but no cysteinyl-LT ...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(91)90519-2
更新日期:1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the central nervous system (CNS) insulin mediates a variety of effects including feeding, metabolism and cognition. The cognitive enhancing effects of insulin are proposed to be mediated through activation of insulin receptors in the hippocampus, an important integration center for learning and memory in the mammal...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2009.08.005
更新日期:2009-11-03 00:00:00
abstract::Saccadic eye tracking was studied in a monkey given i.v. injections of N-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). The Parkinson-like symptoms which appeared in the animal's general motor behavior (akinesia, bradykinesia, hypokinesia) were also observed in its eye tracking. Similar oculomotor deficits are see...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(86)90049-1
更新日期:1986-09-24 00:00:00
abstract::The potential evoked at the surface of the cerebral cortex of a guinea pig, by stimulation of the contralateral forepaw, usually consists of an initial double positive wave whose waveform remains unchanged during rapid stimulation. In a guinea pig with experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) the response is atte...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(75)90350-9
更新日期:1975-08-08 00:00:00
abstract::Of 602 rats tested for amphetamine-induced or nocturnal rotation (circling behavior), 54.8% (P less than 0.025) had right side biases. Of 292 rats tested in two-lever operant situations, 57.5% (P less than 0.02) preferred the right lever. Right-biased rats were significantly more active and had stronger side preferenc...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(81)90737-x
更新日期:1981-01-26 00:00:00
abstract::Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) has demonstrated age-related changes in brain metabolites that may underlie micro-structural brain changes, but few studies have examined their relationship with cognitive decline. We performed a cross-sectional study of brain metabolism and cognitive function in 82 healthy adults...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2007.06.027
更新日期:2007-08-20 00:00:00
abstract::Previous research has demonstrated that feedback circuits such as reflexes can be tuned by setting their gains prior to movement onset during both posture and movement tasks. However, such a control strategy requires that perturbation contingencies be predicted during movement planning and that task goals remain fixed...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2008.09.061
更新日期:2008-12-30 00:00:00
abstract::Zinc ions seem to be important to several neurological functions and have been connected to the pathophysiology of epilepsy, neuronal cell death after seizure or stroke, and Alzheimer's disease. Both epilepsy and Alzheimer's disease are clinical conditions believed to involve the olfactory bulb. The mammalian olfactor...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(02)03544-8
更新日期:2002-11-29 00:00:00
abstract::A method for selectively labeling the CNS neurons that give rise to zinc-containing axonal boutons is described. Focal intracerebral infusions of selenium anions are used to produce a precipitate (presumably ZnSe) in zinc-containing axonal boutons at the injection site, and within 24-48 h, the precipitate is transport...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(90)90607-d
更新日期:1990-05-07 00:00:00
abstract::Studies of the subcellular localization of neuroreceptors in the rat brain have shown that most of them are associated with light and low density subcellular fractions. In two human brain areas, quite different subcellular distributions were observed. After fractionation by differential centrifugation of frontal corte...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(95)00488-c
更新日期:1995-07-31 00:00:00
abstract::Glycine is thought to be a major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian CNS. Two types of physiologically identified interneurons, Renshaw cells and Ia inhibitory interneurons, were intracellularly stained with horseradish peroxidase, and their axon terminals were studied at the electron microscopic level. Post-...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(91)90590-r
更新日期:1991-04-26 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the localization of components of translational machinery and their regulators in the postsynaptic region. We examined several components, especially those involved in translational regulation: components of (1) MAPK-Mnk-eIF4E, (2) PI3-kinase-PDK-Akt/PKB-FRAP/mTOR-PHAS/4EBP, (3) p70S6K-S6 ribosomal pro...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(03)02523-x
更新日期:2003-05-16 00:00:00
abstract::Six experimental and 3 unoperated cats were trained with a go, no-go shock avoidance procedure to discriminate increases from decreases in the rate of presentation of all auditory cortex between the suprasylvian sulcus and rhinal fissure while 3 cats had bilateral auditory cortex lesions plus ablation of the cortex of...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(76)90249-3
更新日期:1976-10-29 00:00:00
abstract::Astaxanthin (AST) is a powerful antioxidant that occurs naturally in a wide variety of living organisms. Much experimental evidence has proved that AST has the function of eliminating oxygen free radicals and can protect organisms from oxidative damage. The present study was carried out to further investigate the neur...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2010.09.016
更新日期:2010-11-11 00:00:00
abstract::A monospecific antibody against tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), purified from a transplantable rat pheochromocytoma, was produced in rabbits. Immunohistochemical techniques were employed in order to determine if a relationship exists between the subcellular distribution of TH and the level of activation of the enzyme in th...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(81)90158-x
更新日期:1981-03-30 00:00:00
abstract::The GABA agonist muscimol, injected into the depressor area of the caudal ventrolateral medulla, increased blood pressure and increased the expression of the immediate early gene c-fos in the rostral ventral medulla (RVM) of the rat. The number of Fos-immunoreactive (Fos-IR) neurons seen in the RVM was increased 3-fol...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(94)90056-6
更新日期:1994-05-16 00:00:00
abstract::Quantitative in vitro autoradiography was used to examine [3H]D-Ala2, MePhe4, Gly-015 enkephalin (DAGO) (mu-agonist) and [3H]diprenorphine (general opiate antagonist) binding sites in the hippocampal formation of young (6-8 months) and aged (25-28 months) Long-Evans rats. Age-related changes in these binding sites wer...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(95)01211-7
更新日期:1996-01-22 00:00:00
abstract::We showed immunohistochemically the localization of 5 alpha-reductase-containing cells in the rat brain, using a rabbit antibody generated against 5 alpha-reductase rat type 1. The antibody was produced by injecting the synthetic peptide corresponding to the amino acids 38-53 of 5 alpha-reductase rat type 1, conjugate...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(96)00188-6
更新日期:1996-05-25 00:00:00
abstract::The cisternal spinal fluid (CF), plasma, and brain stem concentrations of 6 amino acids were measured in suckling rats between birth and one months of age. Each of the amino acids studied had its distinctive maturational pattern of CF concentration. Presumably these amino acids have separate mechanisms of transport fr...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(77)90098-1
更新日期:1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The suspected functional role of dendritic spines as loci of neuronal plasticity (possibly memory and learning) is greatly enriched when active membrane properties are assumed at the spine head. Computations with reasonable electrical and structural parameter values (corresponding to an optimal range for spine stem re...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(85)90333-6
更新日期:1985-01-28 00:00:00
abstract::Starvation inhibits egg-laying in the snail, Lymnaea stagnalis. In starved animals the neurosecretory Caudo-Dorsal Cells (CDC), which produce the egg-laying hormone, are hyperpolarized as compared to the CDC of controls. However, they are more responsive to repetitive intracellular stimulation, which induces the hormo...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(82)90528-5
更新日期:1982-05-13 00:00:00
abstract::Vanadate (VO-3), an essential trace element with insulin-mimetic actions, produces systemic hyperglycemia following central administration in mice. The hyperglycemic effect is due to specific action of vanadate or its reduced form, vanadyl (VO2+); other ions of similar atomic weight (Cr, Mn) or structure (phosphate) h...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(87)90615-9
更新日期:1987-09-01 00:00:00