Abstract：
:A cryomicroscope is described which provides the possibility of quantifying the volume loss of cells during freezing, detection of intracellular ice formation during cooling and warming, as well as the determination of viability as function of (constant) cooling rates. The basic mechanisms occurring in cryopreservation have been studied with this system using the human lymphocyte suspended in pure saline as a biological model system; experimentally observed exosmosis during freezing is compared to predictions from a thermodynamic model. Cell volume loss during freezing has been determined experimentally for cooling rates of 2.4, 12, 48, and 120 degrees K/min. Exosmosis also was calculated corresponding to various assumptions regarding the concentration dependence of the hydraulic permeability of the cells. Further calculations of exosmosis are performed for determining the effects of the initial cell volume. The temperatures and transition cooling rate ranges of intracellular ice formation have been determined. On the basis of exosmosis and a lethal level of intracellular salt concentration, a hypothetical relative optimum of the cooling rate is theoretically predicted and compared to the experiments.
journal_name
Cryobiologyjournal_title
Cryobiologyauthors
Scheiwe MW,Körber Cdoi
10.1016/0011-2240(84)90026-9subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1984-02-01 00:00:00pages
93-105issue
1eissn
0011-2240issn
1090-2392pii
0011-2240(84)90026-9journal_volume
21pub_type
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