Abstract:
:Human cancers have multiple alterations in cell signaling pathways that promote resistance to cytotoxic therapy such as X rays. Parthenolide is a sesquiterpene lactone that has been shown to inhibit several pro-survival cell signaling pathways, induce apoptosis, and enhance chemotherapy-induced cell killing. We investigated whether parthenolide would enhance X-ray-induced cell killing in radiation resistant, NF-kappaB-activated CGL1 cells. Treatment with 5 microM parthenolide for 48 to 72 h inhibited constitutive NF-kappaB binding and cell growth, reduced plating efficiency, and induced apoptosis through stabilization of p53 (TP53), induction of the pro-apoptosis protein BAX, and phosphorylation of BID. Parthenolide also enhanced radiation-induced cell killing, increasing the X-ray sensitivity of CGL1 cells by a dose modification factor of 1.6. Flow cytometry revealed that parthenolide reduced the percentage of X-ray-resistant S-phase cells due to induction of p21 waf1/cip1 (CDKN1A) and the onset of G1/S and G2/M blocks, but depletion of radioresistant S-phase cells does not explain the observed X-ray sensitization. Further studies demonstrated that the enhancement of X-ray-induced cell killing by parthenolide is due to inhibition of split-dose repair.
journal_name
Radiat Resjournal_title
Radiation researchauthors
Mendonca MS,Chin-Sinex H,Gomez-Millan J,Datzman N,Hardacre M,Comerford K,Nakshatri H,Nye M,Benjamin L,Mehta S,Patino F,Sweeney Cdoi
10.1667/RR1128.1subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-12-01 00:00:00pages
689-97issue
6eissn
0033-7587issn
1938-5404pii
RR1128journal_volume
168pub_type
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doi:
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doi:
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