Abstract：
:The effects of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdUrd) substitution for thymidine on gamma-ray-induced strand breakage were determined in single- and double-stranded oligonucleotides and double-stranded oligonucleotides containing a mismatched bubble region. BrdUrd does not sensitize complementary double-stranded DNA to gamma-ray-induced strand breakage, but it greatly sensitizes single-stranded DNA. However, when the BrdUrd is present in a single-stranded bubble of a double-stranded oligonucleotide, the non-base-paired nucleotides adjacent to the BrdUrd as well as several unpaired sites on the opposite unsubstituted strand are strongly sensitized. The radiosensitization properties of BrdUrd result primarily from the electrophilic nature of the bromine, making it a good leaving group and leading to the irreversible formation of the uridine-yl radical (dUrd(.)) or the uridine-yl anion (dUrd(-)) upon addition of an electron. The radiolytic loss of the bromine atom is greatly suppressed in double-stranded compared to single-stranded DNA. Thus we propose that the radiosensitization effects of bromouracil in vivo will likely be limited to single-strand regions such as found in transcription bubbles, replication forks, DNA bulges and the loop region of telomeres. Our results may have profound implications for the clinical use of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdUrd) as a radiosensitizer as well as for the development of targeted radiosensitizers.
journal_name
Radiat Resjournal_title
Radiation researchauthors
Cecchini S,Girouard S,Huels MA,Sanche L,Hunting DJdoi
10.1667/rr3267subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-12-01 00:00:00pages
604-15issue
6eissn
0033-7587issn
1938-5404pii
RR3267journal_volume
162pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Differentiation of Friend erythroleukemia cells (FELC) was induced with 1.5% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) in the culture medium. Cell growth, erythroid differentiation, and radiosensitivity of the proliferative capacity of the cells were measured and compared to a noninduced control culture of identical age. Induced cell...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to develop a rat orthotopic lung tumor model with a solitary intrapulmonary nodule to study the effects of high-dose radiation. A549-Luc non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells were implanted into nude rats in the intercostal space between ribs 5 and 6 of the right lung. Bioluminescence ...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR2157.1
更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous work by our group and others has shown the modulation of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) promoter or long terminal repeat (LTR) after exposure to neutrons and ultraviolet radiations. Using HeLa cells stably transfected with a construct containing the chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (CAT) gene, the trans...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There is an ongoing and significant need for radiation countermeasures to reduce morbidities and mortalities associated with exposure of the heart and lungs from a radiological or nuclear incidents. Radiation-induced late effects occur months to years after exposure, stemming from significant tissue damage and remodel...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR14403.2
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous work from our laboratory suggested that neuronal chromatin structure may be altered immediately after exposure to ionizing radiation. In the present study, whole brains of 4-month-old male Fisher 344 rats were irradiated with a dose of 25 Gy. The kinetics of restoring the chromatin structure to its unirradiat...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1988-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The use of tritium-labeled thymidine (3H-TdR) in biological research made it necessary to develop a quick and accurate method for determination of tritium activity in tissue. After 3H-TdR incorporation into the root tip meristem of Vicia faba, total 3H activity as well as 3H-DNA activity was measured by liquid scintil...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1968-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The incidence of breast cancer was determined in 4940 women treated for tuberculosis between 1925 and 1954 in Massachusetts. Among 2573 women examined by X-ray fluoroscopy an average of 88 times during lung collapse therapy and followed for an average of 30 years, 147 breast cancers occurred in contrast to 113.6 expec...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To study the dynamics of protein recruitment to DNA lesions, ion beams can be used to generate extremely localized DNA damage within restricted regions of the nuclei. This inhomogeneous spatial distribution of lesions can be visualized indirectly and rapidly in the form of radiation-induced foci using immunocytochemic...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/rr3374
更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of amiloride (an inhibitor of Na+/H+ antiport), DIDS (an inhibitor of Na(+)-coupled and Na(+)-independent HCO3-/Cl- exchange) and nigericin (K+/H+ ionophore) alone and in various combinations on the intracellular pH (pHi) and thermosensitivity of SCK tumor cells were studied. Hyperthermia alone at 43 degre...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Single crystals of disodium beta-glycerophosphate pentahemihydrate (betaGP), Na2x(HO)CH2CH(PO(4)2-)CH2(OH)x5 1/2H2O, were X-irradiated at 77 and 280 K. EPR, ENDOR and FSE techniques were used to study the formation of free radicals in these irradiated crystals to characterize possible reaction mechanisms leading to de...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Aberrant expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) is frequently associated with a variety of cancers, including breast cancer. We and others have demonstrated that radiation-induced rat mammary cancer exhibits a characteristic gene expression profile and a random increase in aberrant DNA copy number; however, the role of aber...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR2927.1
更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The health consequences of exposure to low-dose radiation combined with a solar particle event during space travel remain unresolved. The goal of this study was to determine whether protracted radiation exposure alters gene expression and oxidative burst capacity in the liver, an organ vital in many biological process...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR1155.1
更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Radiotherapy is one of the major treatment modalities for the management of various cancers, however, it is limited by the severe side effects and complications experienced by some patients. Nicaraven, a chemically synthesized hydroxyl radical-specific scavenger, has been shown to protect normal tissues from radiation...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR14614.1
更新日期：2017-02-22 00:00:00
abstract：:A biophysical model has been developed that is based on the assumptions that an interphase chromosome occupies a spherical territory and that chromosome exchanges are formed by the misrejoining of two DNA double-strand breaks induced within a defined interaction distance. The model is used to explain the relative freq...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/0033-7587(2001)156[0603:poriia]2.0.co;2
更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this study, we investigated the accuracy of using off-line bioluminescence imaging (BLI) and tomography (BLT) to guide irradiation of small soft tissue targets on a small animal radiation research platform (SARRP) with on-board cone beam CT (CBCT) capability. A small glass bulb containing BL cells was implanted as ...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR2999.1
更新日期：2013-02-22 00:00:00
abstract：:The reactions of free and DNA-bound 2,2,5,5-tetramethylpyrrolidine-N-oxyl (PROXYL) probes with radicals generated during radiolysis of dilute aqueous solutions of DNA were examined. For the free PROXYL probe in deaerated solution with each of the four nucleotides (dAMP, dCMP, dGMP, and TMP) it was found that the pyrim...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1987-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Telomeres cap the ends of chromosomes, preventing end-to-end fusions and subsequent chromosome instability. Here we used a telomerase knockout model to investigate whether telomerase participates in the processes of DNA break repair by de novo synthesis of telomere repeats at broken chromosome ends (chromosome healing...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/rr3203
更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The response of the testes of two strains of adult rats (Sprague-Dawley and Wistar) to graded single doses and split doses of 230 kVp X rays has been investigated. A marked difference was noted between the strains in the response of the clonogenic spermatogonia to irradiation, as measured histologically by the repopul...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1987-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Resistance to radiation is considered to be an important reason for local failure after radiotherapy and tumor recurrence. However, the exact mechanisms of tumor resistance remain poorly understood. Current investigations of microRNAs as potential diagnostic and therapeutic tools for cancer treatment have shown promis...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1667/RR14370.1
更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The statistical distribution of the number of ion pairs per ionizing event in a small volume simulating a tissue sphere was obtained by applying the Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm to experimental spectra measured by exposing a Rossi-type spherical proportional counter to gamma radiation. The normalized experi...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Exposure to ionizing radiation or a variety of chemical agents is known to increase the risk of developing malignancy and many tumors have been linked to inflammatory processes. In most studies, the potentially harmful effects of ionizing radiation or other agents are considered in isolation, mainly due to the large n...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/rr2690.1
更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The goal of this study was to make a comparison between stereotactic brachytherapy implants and linear accelerator-based radiosurgery of brain tumors with respect to physical dose distributions and radiobiological efficacy. Twenty-four treatment plans made for irradiation of brain tumors with low-dose-rate (125)I brac...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR3529.1
更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The relationship between the intracellular glutathione (GSH) concentration and the aerobic radiation response was studied in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Various degrees of GSH depletion were produced by exposure to buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) and/or diethyl maleate (DEM). Diethyl maleate did not act as a classical r...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Plateau-phase A549 cells exhibit a high capacity for repair of potentially lethal radiation damage (PLD). Previously it was found that PLD repair could be partially inhibited by increasing the extracellular pH (pHe) of the spent medium from its normal value of 6.7-6.8 to 7.6 during postirradiation holding. The present...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The success of boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) mainly depends on the boron concentration in the tumor and a high tumor/normal tissue (T/N) boron ratio or a high tumor/blood (T/B) boron ratio. Therefore, the effective enhancement of boron ratios is the first priority. Our study investigated whether a low-dose of γ...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RADE-20-00102.1
更新日期：2021-01-29 00:00:00
abstract：:Human keratinocytes show a bystander effect when exposed to low doses of low-LET radiation. In this paper, data are presented showing a method of correcting the overall survival curve to enable analysis of the relative contributions of the bystander effect and the effect attributable to direct interaction of the radia...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/0033-7587(2000)153[0508:rcobat]2.0.co;2
更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This work provides a description of a new interaction, cross-section-based model for radiation-induced cellular inactivation, sublethal damage, DNA repair and cell survival, with the ability to more accurately elucidate different radiation-response phenomena. The principal goal of this work is to describe the damage-i...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RADE-20-00052.1
更新日期：2020-09-16 00:00:00
abstract：:An induction-type radiofrequency generator was used to heat thigh implants of the VX2 rabbit carcinoma. The tumor temperature could be easily raised to over 50 degrees C, while the temperature of normal adjacent muscle generally remained at about 43 degrees C. The marked hypovascularity of the tumor, as demonstrated a...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1983-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We previously described an enhanced sensitivity for cell killing and gamma-H2AX focus induction after both high-dose-rate and continuous low-dose-rate gamma irradiation in 14 primary fibroblast strains derived from hereditary-type retinoblastoma family members (both affected RB1(+/-) probands and unaffected RB1(+/+) p...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR1943.1
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Soil microorganisms in general and biocontrol agents in particular are very sensitive to UV light. The packaging of biocontrol microorganisms into cellular solids has been developed as a means of reducing loss caused by exposure to environmental UV radiation. The bacterial and fungal biocontrol agents Pantoea agglomer...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/rr3027
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
