Determining standards for professional divers diving in benzene polluted waters.

Abstract:

:The main objective of this study is to calculate the hours of diving in benzene-polluted waters acceptable for professional divers. We considered recommended absorption limit as that from pulmonary workplace absorption during an 8-h workday at recommended exposure limits set by the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, and developed a formula to determine recommended limits for diving time based on actual water and sediment concentrations and exposure conditions. The recommended absorption limit is 1.6 mg of benzene per workday. This is equivalent to total body dermal absorption over a 1-h dive at water concentration of 7.6 mg/L, or absorption from drinking 0.1 L of water with a concentration of 16.5 mg/L, or dermal absorption with 50% of the body covered in sediment with a concentration of 18,851 mg/kg. A formula that calculates allowable diving time considering benzene water and sediment concentrations, and gastrointestinal and dermal exposures is presented. Water concentrations and not exposure to sediment limit recommended diving time, and unlimited diving in areas with sediment and water concentrations thought to pose a serious human health hazard would not surpass the recommended amount of benzene absorbed in the workplace. We conclude that allowable diving time in polluted waters can be calculated resulting in absorption equivalent to recommended limits for pulmonary absorption in the workplace. Our results suggest that agencies determining significant health risk levels of chemical concentrations in sediment and water should consider our findings.

journal_name

Toxicol Ind Health

authors

Froom P

doi

10.1177/0748233708098126

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2008-09-01 00:00:00

pages

525-30

issue

8

eissn

0748-2337

issn

1477-0393

pii

24/8/525

journal_volume

24

pub_type

杂志文章
  • Prevention of cytotoxicity of nickel by quercetin: the role of reactive oxygen species and histone acetylation.

    abstract::Excessive exposure to nickel may cause health effects on the blood, lung, nose, kidney, reproductive system, skin and the unborn child. In the present study, we found that Ni²⁺ exposure led to a time- and dose-dependent proliferation arrest and death in human leukemia HL-60 cells. In the presence of 1 mM Ni²⁺, reactiv...

    journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0748233711433940

    authors: Chen J,Han J,Wang J

    更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00

  • Investigation of cytotoxic, genotoxic and oxidative properties of carvacrol in human blood cells.

    abstract::Carvacrol (CVC), a major constituent of genera Origanum and Thymus, is such a substance that has attracted attention because of its wide variety of beneficial biological activities such as antibacterial, antifungal, and anticancer effects. However, there are limited data on the cytogenetic and antioxidant effects of C...

    journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0748233713506771

    authors: Türkez H,Aydın E

    更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00

  • River pollution in the Kosovo: Cyto- and genotoxic effects of water samples in the primary rat hepatocyte assay.

    abstract::The actual stage of the development of Kosovo is characterized by the concerning levels of environmental pollution and the serious health problems attributed to the emission of pollutants into air, soil and water. In this context, river pollution is one of the main threats due to the discharge of untreated urban and i...

    journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0748233718773027

    authors: Alija AJ,Bresgen N,Bojaxhi E,Krenn M,Bajraktari ID,Eckl PM

    更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00

  • Are we on the threshold of a new theory of disease? Toxicant-induced loss of tolerance and its relationship to addiction and abdiction.

    abstract::'Toxicant-induced loss of tolerance' (or TILT) describes a two-step disease process in which (1) certain chemical exposures, e.g., indoor air contaminants, chemical spills, or pesticide applications, cause certain susceptible persons to lose their prior natural tolerance for common chemicals, foods, and drugs (initiat...

    journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1177/074823379901500302

    authors: Miller CS

    更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00

  • Synergistic effect of black tea and curcumin in improving the hepatotoxicity induced by aflatoxin B1 in rats.

    abstract::Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a toxic compound commonly found as a contaminant in human food. It is carcinogenic due its potential in inducing the oxidative stress and distortion of the most antioxidant enzymes. Since black tea possesses strong antioxidant activity, it protects cells and tissues against oxidative stress. Cur...

    journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0748233713491807

    authors: Alm-Eldeen AA,Mona MH,Shati AA,El-Mekkawy HI

    更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00

  • Atrazine affects craniofacial chondrogenesis and axial skeleton mineralization in zebrafish ( Danio rerio).

    abstract::Atrazine is a commonly used herbicide that has previously been implicated as an endocrine-disrupting compound. Previous studies have shown that estrogenic endocrine-disrupting compounds affect the development of the heart, cartilage, and bone in zebrafish ( Danio rerio). To determine whether atrazine has effects simil...

    journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0748233718760419

    authors: Walker BS,Kramer AG,Lassiter CS

    更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00

  • Chronic prenatal exposure to the 900 megahertz electromagnetic field induces pyramidal cell loss in the hippocampus of newborn rats.

    abstract::Widespread use of mobile phones which are a major source of electromagnetic fields might affect living organisms. However, there has been no investigation concerning prenatal exposure to electromagnetic fields or their roles in the development of the pyramidal cells of the cornu ammonis in postnatal life. Two groups o...

    journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0748233709106442

    authors: Bas O,Odaci E,Mollaoglu H,Ucok K,Kaplan S

    更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00

  • Occupational manganese exposure, reproductive hormones, and semen quality in male workers: A cross-sectional study.

    abstract::It has been found that exposure to manganese (Mn) could induce reproductive dysfunction, but its occupational risk in male workers is unclear. This study aims to assess the association of occupational Mn exposure with reproductive hormones and semen quality in a cross-sectional study. Urinary Mn, semen quality, and re...

    journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0748233718810109

    authors: Yang H,Wang J,Yang X,Wu F,Qi Z,Xu B,Liu W,Deng Y

    更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00

  • Human exposure to polyhexamethylene guanidine phosphate from humidifiers in residential settings: Cause of serious lung disease.

    abstract::Exposure to the humidifier disinfectant, polyhexamethylene guanidine phosphate (PHMG), in mists generated from ultrasonic humidifiers was studied in a simulation chamber and apartment rooms. PHMG is suspected as a causative agent of lung disease in Korea residences. In the simulation-chamber study, the amount of disin...

    journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0748233717724983

    authors: Lee JH,Yu IJ

    更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00

  • Protective effects of pentoxifylline on cigarette smoking-induced renal tissue damage in rats.

    abstract::In this study, we investigated the protective effect of pentoxifilline (PTX) on smoking-induced damage in rat kidney tissues. Twenty-seven male Wistar rats were used in the study. Animals were divided into three equal groups as follows: Group 1: control group with only normal saline (NS; 0.9% NaCl) injection for 8 wee...

    journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0748233710387006

    authors: Ozkurkcugil C,Yilmaz MY,Ozkan L,Kokturk S,Isken T

    更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00

  • Genotoxicity studies of a desealant solvent mixture, SR-51.

    abstract::The Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) has reported that personnel involved in F-111 fuel tank maintenance were concerned that exposure to a range of chemicals during the period 1977 to mid-1990s was the cause of health problems, including cancer. Particular concern was directed at SR-51, a desealant chemical mixture c...

    journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0748233709103037

    authors: Oakes DJ,Ritchie HE,Woodman PD,Narup E,Moscova M,Picker K,Webster WS

    更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00

  • Carbendazim-induced testicular damage and oxidative stress in albino rats: ameliorative effect of licorice aqueous extract.

    abstract::Carbendazim is a broad spectrum carbamate fungicide used in the control of various fungal pathogens. Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) is one of the widely used medicinal plants in oriental nations. The present work studied the effect of licorice aqueous extract on carbendazim-induced testicular toxicity in albino rats. A...

    journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0748233712456059

    authors: Sakr SA,Shalaby SY

    更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00

  • A weight-of-evidence approach for assessing interactions in chemical mixtures.

    abstract::The risk assessment process must encompass all available toxicological data and scientific evidence on the plausible toxicities of a chemical or chemical mixture. As an extension to the approaches used to conduct risk assessments on chemical mixtures, a preliminary scheme, analogous to the IARC classification of carci...

    journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:

    authors: Mumtaz MM,Durkin PR

    更新日期:1992-11-01 00:00:00

  • Ascorbic acid improves mitochondrial function in liver of arsenic-treated rat.

    abstract::Arsenic is an ubiquitous and well-documented carcinogenic metalloid. The most common source of arsenic is drinking water. The mechanism of arsenic toxicity in a cell has historically been centered around its inhibitory effects on cellular respiration and mitochondrial injury. Ascorbic acid, a low molecular weight, wat...

    journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0748233710365694

    authors: Singh S,Rana SV

    更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00

  • Citreoviridin enhances tumor necrosis factor-α-induced adhesion of human umbilical vein endothelial cells.

    abstract::Endothelial adhesion plays an important role in the process of atherosclerosis, which is regulated by endothelial adhesion molecules and chemoattractant molecules. In some areas of China, citreoviridin (CIT) is considered a risk factor for the development of atherosclerosis. Here, we investigated the role of CIT in ad...

    journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0748233713483194

    authors: Hou H,Zhou R,Jia Q,Li Q,Kang L,Jiao P,Li D,Jiang B

    更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00

  • The toxicological effects of bisphenol A and octylphenol on the reproductive system of prepubertal male rats.

    abstract::The aim of the present study was to assess and compare the individual adverse effects of bisphenol A (BPA) and octylphenol (OP) on the reproductive system of prepubertal male rats. Rats were exposed to BPA and OP at doses of 125 and 250 mg/kg/day, by gavage, for 90 days. At the end of the study, the testes, epididymis...

    journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0748233715603847

    authors: Ahbab MA,Barlas N,Karabulut G

    更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00

  • Fatty acid profile and antioxidant status in Venus verrucosa gills as λ-cyhalothrin toxic effects.

    abstract::The aim of this study was to analyze the biochemical alterations in the gills of Venus verrucosa under exposure for 6 days to three doses of lambda-cyhalothrin (λ-cyh) (100, 250, and 500 µg L-1). Malondialdehyde, lipid hydroperoxide, and hydrogen peroxide levels in the gills of treated groups increased. λ-Cyh exposure...

    journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0748233720961219

    authors: Fouzai C,Trabelsi W,Rabeh I,Bejaoui S,Telahigue K,El Cafsi M,Soudani N

    更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00

  • Factors affecting exhaled carbon monoxide levels in coffeehouses in the Western Black Sea region of Turkey.

    abstract::The aim of this study was to evaluate indoor air quality and factors affecting expired carbon monoxide (CO) levels in a coffeehouse environment. This cross-sectional study was conducted at 16 randomly selected coffeehouses in Duzce, Turkey, during November 2007 to March 2008. A total of 547 people, average age 46.72 ±...

    journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0748233710383888

    authors: Bahcebasi T,Kandis H,Baltaci D,Kara IH

    更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00

  • JP-8 jet fuel exposure potentiates tumor development in two experimental model systems.

    abstract::The US Air Force has implemented the widespread use of JP-8 jet fuel in its operations, although a thorough understanding of its potential effects upon exposed personnel is unclear. Previous work has reported that JP-8 exposure is immunosuppressive. Exposure of mice to JP-8 for 1 h/day resulted in immediate secretion ...

    journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0748233708090908

    authors: Harris DT,Sakiestewa D,Titone D,He X,Hyde J,Witten M

    更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00

  • Effects of in utero JP-8 jet fuel exposure on the immune systems of pregnant and newborn mice.

    abstract::The US Air Force has implemented the widespread use of JP-8 jet fuel in its operations, although a thorough understanding of its potential effects upon exposed personnel is unclear. Previous work has reported that JP-8 exposure is immunosuppressive. In the present study, the effects of in-utero JP-8 jet fuel exposure ...

    journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0748233708089045

    authors: Harris DT,Sakiestewa D,He X,Titone D,Witten M

    更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00

  • Protective effect of curcumin on acute lung injury induced by intestinal ischaemia/reperfusion.

    abstract::The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of curcumin on acute lung injury induced by intestinal ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R). A total of 30 male Wistar albino rats were divided into 3 groups: sham, I/R, and I/R + curcumin; each group contains 10 animals. Sham group animals underwent laparotomy without I/R injury. ...

    journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0748233711430984

    authors: Guzel A,Kanter M,Guzel A,Yucel AF,Erboga M

    更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00

  • Anti-genotoxic effect of hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate on genotoxicity to human lymphocytes induced by aflatoxin B1.

    abstract::The anti-genotoxic potential of hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate (HSCAS) was investigated using sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) induced by aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) as genotoxic endpoint in human lymphocytes. Whole blood samples from two healthy male donors were used for this experiment and the effects of different...

    journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0748233707076738

    authors: Türkez H,Sişman T

    更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00

  • A study of the teratogenic and fetotoxic effects of large doses of chlordiazepoxide used for self-poisoning by 35 pregnant women.

    abstract::The human teratogenic potential of chlordiazepoxide is debated. To study the effects on the fetal development of very large doses of chlordiazepoxide that were used for a suicide attempt during pregnancy, self-poisoned pregnant women were identified from patients in a toxicological inpatient clinic in Budapest, Hungar...

    journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0748233708089018

    authors: Gidai J,Acs N,Bánhidy F,Czeizel AE

    更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00

  • Influence of chronic cadmium exposure on the tissue distribution of copper and zinc and oxidative stress parameters in rats.

    abstract::The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of oral cadmium (Cd) intoxication on the antioxidant response and its relationship with essential bioelements like copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn). The experimental group was chronically exposed to Cd daily for 8 weeks via consumption of water containing 15 ppm cadmium chl...

    journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0748233714566875

    authors: Erdem O,Yazihan N,Kocak MK,Sayal A,Akcil E

    更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00

  • Multi-route exposure assessment and biological monitoring of urban pesticide applicators during structural control treatments with chlorpyrifos.

    abstract::A preliminary study of dermal and respiratory exposure to chlorpyrifos (Dursban TC) during structural treatments was conducted with eight workers from a commercial pest control company. The compound was applied by sub-slab and soil injection to four houses, with each application involving two workers. Crawl space appl...

    journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/074823379000600301

    authors: Fenske RA,Elkner KP

    更新日期:1990-05-01 00:00:00

  • An epidemiological study of low back pain among oil drilling workers in India.

    abstract::Many episodes of low back pain are disabling, thus making it one of the costly occupational health problem. The proper alignment and lifting operations during drilling process frequently exposed the oil-drilling workers to unusual strain on the spine and thus make them susceptible for developing low back pain. The pre...

    journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0748233712451771

    authors: Tiwari RR,Saha A

    更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00

  • Serum levels of several organochlorine pesticides in farmers correspond with dietary exposure and local use history.

    abstract::In response to reported increased cancer risks among farmers, the Agricultural Health Study (AHS) was designed to examine health outcomes and environmental exposures among farm families in the United States. In the pilot phase of the AHS, food, beverage, air, dermal, dust, surface wipe, and biological specimens (blood...

    journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/074823379801400117

    authors: Brock JW,Melnyk LJ,Caudill SP,Needham LL,Bond AE

    更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00

  • Methyl-tertiary-butyl ether (MTBE)--a gasoline additive--causes testicular and lymphohaematopoietic cancers in rats.

    abstract::In the framework of a series of experiments conducted to evaluate the carcinogenic effects of oxygenated gasoline additives, MTBE was analyzed in an oral lifetime carcinogenicity study using 8-week-old male and female Sprague-Dawley rats. These experiments were part of a large research project on gasoline carcinogenic...

    journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/074823379501100202

    authors: Belpoggi F,Soffritti M,Maltoni C

    更新日期:1995-03-01 00:00:00

  • Removal of cadmium by combining deferasirox and desferrioxamine chelators in rats.

    abstract::An investigation was conducted to evaluate the ability of two chelators, deferasirox and desferrioxamine (DFO), in removing cadmium from biological system. The potential efficiency of those chelators were investigated after cadmium administration for 60 days following two dose levels of 20 and 40 mg/kg body weight dai...

    journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0748233711403192

    authors: Fatemi SJ,Saljooghi AS,Balooch FD,Iranmanesh M,Golbafan MR

    更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00

  • Thrombocytosis induced in mice after subacute and subchronic V2O5 inhalation.

    abstract::Reports about vanadium (V) inhalation toxicity on the hematopoietic system, specifically about coagulation are limited. Therefore, we decided to evaluate the effects of V with a complete blood count and morphologic analysis of platelets on blood smears. CD-1 male mice inhaled V2O5 0.02 M 1 h twice weekly over 12 weeks...

    journal_title:Toxicology and industrial health

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1191/0748233706th250oa

    authors: González-Villalva A,Fortoul TI,Avila-Costa MR,Piñón-Zarate G,Rodriguez-Laraa V,Martínez-Levy G,Rojas-Lemus M,Bizarro-Nevarez P,Díaz-Bech P,Mussali-Galante P,Colin-Barenque L

    更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00