Abstract:
:A preliminary study of dermal and respiratory exposure to chlorpyrifos (Dursban TC) during structural treatments was conducted with eight workers from a commercial pest control company. The compound was applied by sub-slab and soil injection to four houses, with each application involving two workers. Crawl space applications were included in three of the jobs. Field sampling extended over the entire workday, and included personal air samples and dermal exposure evaluation with patches and handwashes. A fluorescent tracer was added to the formulation for qualitative determination of skin deposition patterns. Pre-exposure and complete 72 hour urine samples were also collected. Total dermal exposure averaged 5.94 mg/hr. The major contributors were the upper legs (38%) and the forearms (34%). Accidents occurred during two of the four applications observed, and the two workers involved in the accidents were the most highly exposed individuals. The mean estimated absorbed daily dose was 9.5 ug/kg/day, with approximately 73% contributed by the dermal route. Thus, under these work conditions the Threshold Limit Value is not an appropriate guide for worker safety. The principal urinary metabolite of chlorpyrifos, 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol, was found in measurable quantities in all urine samples. Urinary metabolite levels collected 24-48 hr postexposure were highly correlated (R2 = 0.86) with total absorbed dose estimates. The high variability among individual excretion patterns suggests against the use of urine spot sampling, but longer collections may prove useful in the development of a Biological Exposure Index for chlorpyrifos.
journal_name
Toxicol Ind Healthjournal_title
Toxicology and industrial healthauthors
Fenske RA,Elkner KPdoi
10.1177/074823379000600301subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1990-05-01 00:00:00pages
349-71issue
3-4eissn
0748-2337issn
1477-0393journal_volume
6pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Organophosphate poisoning is a life-threatening condition, which is being responsible for the symptoms due to cholinergic effects. Clinical status and blood levels of cholinesterase are used its diagnosis. While atropine and pralidoxime (PAM) appear as essential medications, hemofiltration treatments and lipid solutio...
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