Identification and quantification of kynurenic acid in human brain tissue.

abstract：:Intraocular injections of several different retrograde tracers were made in albino rats. Retrogradely filled neurons were observed in two locations: the medial pretectal area and the contralateral periaqueductal grey matter, indicating that the pretectum and the mesencephalon are sources of centrifugal innervation to ...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Itaya SK,Itaya PW

更新日期：1985-02-11 00:00:00

abstract：:The double-labeling, fluorescent dye technique was used in order to demonstrate the extent to which the central processes of renal afferent neurons directly project to the brainstem. One injection of a fluorescent dye was placed in the cortex of the left kidney of male rats, and a second injection of a different dye w...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Wyss JM,Donovan MK

更新日期：1984-04-23 00:00:00

abstract：:We have recently reported spinal blood flow-metabolism uncoupling in an amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) animal model using Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1)-transgenic (Tg) mice, suggesting a relative hypoxia in the spinal cord. However, the hypoxic stress sensor pathway has not been well studied in ALS. Here, w...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Sato K,Morimoto N,Kurata T,Mimoto T,Miyazaki K,Ikeda Y,Abe K

更新日期：2012-09-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous studies have shown that microinjection of morphine into the prefrontal ventrolateral orbital cortex (VLO) produces antinociception. The current study examined whether gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) containing neurons in the VLO were involved in this antinociception. Under light anesthesia, the GABA(A) recepto...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Qu CL,Tang JS,Jia H

更新日期：2006-02-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite insights into an increasingly significant role for delta opioid receptors in thermoregulation, it is unclear whether delta receptors located in the brain or periphery play the more critical role in body temperature regulation. Moreover, it is not entirely clear which delta receptor phenotype, delta1 or delta2,...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Rawls SM,Hewson JM,Inan S,Cowan A

更新日期：2005-07-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Excitatory and inhibitory synapses may control neuronal output through a push-pull mechanism--that is, increases in excitation are coupled to simultaneous decreases in inhibition or vice versa. This pattern of activity is characteristic of excitatory and inhibitory vestibulospinal axons that mediate vestibulocollic re...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Grande G,Bui TV,Rose PK

更新日期：2010-05-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Adenosine receptor antagonists, DMPX, PACPX and theophylline, produce contralateral rotations in unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned rats. DMPX and theophylline markedly increase rotations produced by bromocriptine (a dopamine D2 receptor agonist) and/or SKF38393A (a dopamine D1 receptor agonist). All of these effec...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Jiang H,Jackson-Lewis V,Muthane U,Dollison A,Ferreira M,Espinosa A,Parsons B,Przedborski S

更新日期：1993-06-11 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated the effect of adenosine A1 receptors on the release of acetylcholine (ACh) and GABA, and on the intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) response in cultured chick amacrine-like neurons, stimulated by KCl depolarization. The KCl-induced release of [3H]ACh, but not the release of [14C]GABA, was pot...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Santos PF,Caramelo OL,Carvalho AP,Duarte CB

更新日期：2000-01-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Catecholamine concentrations were determined at central and peripheral level in high blood pressure (HBP), low blood pressure (LBP) and random bred (RB) mice. In HBP mice compared to LBP, the noradrenaline concentration was lower in the locus coeruleus, medullary A1-C1 and A2-C2 areas, thoracic spinal cord, posteroven...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Denoroy L,Sautel M,Schlager G,Sacquet J,Sassard J

更新日期：1985-08-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Adult Wistar rats injected with the dopamine receptor agonist apomorphine display different types of motility patterns with respect to oral stereotypes and locomotor activities. It was tested whether phenotypes exhibiting either 'sniffing' or 'non-sniffing' behaviour differed in gene structures of dopamine receptors D...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Germeyer S,Birke A,Schmitt U,Dahmen N,Hiemke C,Havemann-Reinecke U

更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A startle-like response can be evoked at low currents by one-pulse electrical stimulation of reticular formation sites from the rostrolateral pons to the caudomedial medulla. To test whether this response is mediated by the same reticular formation neurons as those that mediate the acoustic startle, we delivered a bri...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Yeomans JS,Cochrane KA

更新日期：1993-07-23 00:00:00

abstract：:At present, the ability of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) to regulate individual glutamate transporter subtypes is poorly understood and very little information exists on the mechanism(s) by which PUFAs achieve their effects on the transport process. Here we investigate the effect of cis-4,7,10,13,16,19-docosahex...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Berry CB,Hayes D,Murphy A,Wiessner M,Rauen T,McBean GJ

更新日期：2005-03-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Neonatal rats were given capsaicin subcutaneously. Controls received vehicle only. Six months later the nerve fiber populations in the dorsal root L4, in the inferior alveolar nerve and in mandibular molar pulps were examined by electron microscopy. The proportion of unmyelinated axons was found to be markedly decreas...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Holje L,Hildebrand C,Fried K

更新日期：1983-04-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Intracerebral injections of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) which produce deficits in locomotor behaviour and motor performance cause localized accumulation of monoamines as well as depletion of central catecholamines (CA). To determine whether the localized increases in monoamines could be contributing to the behavioural ...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Willis GL,Smith GC,McGrath BP

更新日期：1983-05-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Specific binding of [3H]naloxone to rat brain tissue in vitro was inhibited by the excitant organochlorinated insecticides (OCI), by ether (E) and octanol (OCT), and by the convulsant indoklon (IND) and its anesthetic isomer, isoindoklon (ISO). In the presence of 100 mM NaCl the inhibition of naloxone binding by E, OC...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Labella FS

更新日期：1981-08-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Suppression of geniculate ponto-geniculo-occipital (PGO) waves was achieved in kittens by performing bilateral mesencephalic lesions of the PGO pathways. Sleep-wake parameters and the spontaneous unit activity in the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) were then chronically recorded during one month after the lesions. Wh...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Davenne D,Adrien J

更新日期：1987-04-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Zinc and other cations were iontophoretically applied to neurones in the frontoparietal cortex of urethane-anaesthetised rats and their effect on the activity of these cells was examined. Slow and often prolonged increases in firing rate occurred in 45.2% of neurones after zinc application and 72.7% after barium. Calc...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Wright DM

更新日期：1984-10-08 00:00:00

abstract：:The specific electrographic activity responsible for seizure-induced DNA damage remains little explored. We therefore examined the regional and temporal appearance of DNA fragmentation and cell death and its relationship to specific electrographic seizure patterns in a rat model of focally evoked limbic epilepsy. Anim...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Henshall DC,Sinclair J,Simon RP

更新日期：2000-03-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase (SSADH) null mouse (SSADH(-/-)) represents a viable animal model for human SSADH deficiency and is characterized by markedly elevated levels of both gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in brain, blood, and urine. In physiological concentrations, GH...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Buzzi A,Wu Y,Frantseva MV,Perez Velazquez JL,Cortez MA,Liu CC,Shen LQ,Gibson KM,Snead OC 3rd

更新日期：2006-05-23 00:00:00

abstract：:We cloned the genes for the mouse homologue of the neuromedin B receptor (NMB-R) and the bombesin receptor subtype 3 (BRS-3). Both receptor genes consist of three exons with well-conserved intron-exon borders. Although the NMB-R gene spans more than 10 kb, the BRS-3 gene spans only about 4 kb. Comparison of the mouse ...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Ohki-Hamazaki H,Wada E,Matsui K,Wada K

更新日期：1997-07-11 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of caffeine ingestion and exposure to bright light, both separately and in combination, on salivary melatonin and tympanic temperature were assessed in humans. Four treatments during a 45.5 h sleep deprivation period were compared: Dim Light-Placebo, Dim Light-Caffeine, Bright Light-Placebo and Bright-Ligh...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Wright KP Jr,Badia P,Myers BL,Plenzler SC,Hakel M

更新日期：1997-01-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The mitochondrial respiratory chain is a powerful source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) also in noise induced hearing loss (NIHL) and anti-oxidants and free-radicals scavengers have been shown to attenuate the damage. Coenzyme Q(10) (CoQ(10)) or ubiquinone has a bioenergetic role as a component of the mithocondrial ...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Fetoni AR,Piacentini R,Fiorita A,Paludetti G,Troiani D

更新日期：2009-02-27 00:00:00

abstract：:We have elucidated the spatial and temporal localization of Cdk5 and p35nck5a in the developing rat postnatal cerebellum. Both proteins were highly expressed in cell bodies of post mitotic and immature neurons. The localization of Cdk5 in cellular compartment was changed from cell body to the axon in development. On t...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Matsushita M,Tomizawa K,Lu YF,Moriwaki A,Tokuda M,Itano T,Wang JH,Hatase O,Matsui H

更新日期：1996-09-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Intracellular staining of neurons located in the superficial layers of the superior colliculus (SC) of the cat was carried out through an intracellular recording micropipette with which responses to stimulation of the optic chiasm (OX) and the optic tract (OT) ipsilateral to the explored SC were recorded. :A total of ...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Ogawa T,Takahashi Y

更新日期：1981-07-27 00:00:00

abstract：:We have examined, at the light microscope level, putative direct synaptic interconnections, via motor axon collaterals, between type-identified triceps surae alpha-motoneurons labeled by intracellular injection of HRP. The results indicate that monosynaptic recurrent contacts can occur between synergist motoneurons (i...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Cullheim S,Lipsenthal L,Burke RE

更新日期：1984-08-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Ibotenic acid lesions of the vertical limb of the diagonal band of Broca (VDB) in marmosets produced significant depletions in choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activity and a decrease in acetylcholinesterase (AChE) staining in the hippocampal formation and entorhinal cortex (to which the cholinergic neurones of the VD...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Ridley RM,Samson NA,Baker HF,Johnson JA

更新日期：1988-07-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a progressive movement disorder characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain. Besides motor impairment, PD patients exhibit non-motor symptoms that negatively impact their quality of life and often manifest prior to motor deficits. One such symptom is mild cognitive imp...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Marshall CA,King KM,Kortagere S

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Inhibition of Aβ production and clearance of senile plaques have been considered as potential strategies in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Activated protein C (APC) is an important factor in the anticoagulant system. However, whether APC can influence the condition of a chronic neurodegenerative process, s...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Li B,Yu D,Xu Z

更新日期：2014-01-30 00:00:00

abstract：:In gerbils pentylenetetrazole- or handling-induced seizures were accompanied by cerebral formation of small amounts of cysteinyl-leukotrienes (LT) but large amounts of prostaglandin (PG) F2 alpha. By contrast, in rats injected with pentylenetetrazole or bicuculline very large amounts of PGF2 alpha but no cysteinyl-LT ...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Simmet T,Tippler B

更新日期：1991-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recently, a novel method for detection of DNA synthesis has been developed based on the incorporation of 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU), a thymidine analogue, into cellular DNA and the subsequent reaction of EdU with a fluorescent azide in a copper-catalyzed [3+2] cycloaddition ("Click" reaction). In the present stud...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Zeng C,Pan F,Jones LA,Lim MM,Griffin EA,Sheline YI,Mintun MA,Holtzman DM,Mach RH

更新日期：2010-03-10 00:00:00