Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Evidence suggests that cardiovascular effects of air pollution are mediated by inflammation and that air pollution can induce genetic expression of the interleukin-6 gene (IL6). OBJECTIVES:We investigated whether IL6 and fibrinogen gene variants can affect plasma IL-6 responses to air pollution in patients with cardiovascular disease. METHODS:We repeatedly determined plasma IL-6 in 955 myocardial infarction survivors from six European cities (n = 5,539). We conducted city-specific analyses using additive mixed models adjusting for patient characteristics, time trend, and weather to assess the impact of air pollutants on plasma IL-6. We pooled city-specific estimates using meta-analysis methodology. We selected three IL6 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and one SNP each from the fibrinogen alpha-chain gene (FGA) and beta-chain gene (FGB) for gene-environment analyses. RESULTS:We found the most consistent modifications for variants in IL6 rs2069832 and FBG rs1800790 after exposure to carbon monoxide (CO; 24-hr average; p-values for interaction, 0.034 and 0.019, respectively). Nitrogen dioxide effects were consistently modified, but p-values for interaction were larger (0.09 and 0.19, respectively). The strongest effects were seen 6-11 hr after exposure, when, for example, the overall effect of a 2.2% increase in IL-6 per 0.64 mg/m(3) CO was modified to a 10% (95% confidence interval, 4.6-16%) increase in IL-6 (p-value for interaction = 0.002) for minor homozygotes of FGB rs1800790. CONCLUSIONS:The effect of gaseous traffic-related air pollution on inflammation may be stronger in genetic subpopulations with ischemic heart disease. This information could offer an opportunity to identify postinfarction patients who would benefit more than others from a cleaner environment and antiinflammatory treatment.
journal_name
Environ Health Perspectjournal_title
Environmental health perspectivesauthors
Ljungman P,Bellander T,Schneider A,Breitner S,Forastiere F,Hampel R,Illig T,Jacquemin B,Katsouyanni K,von Klot S,Koenig W,Lanki T,Nyberg F,Pekkanen J,Pistelli R,Pitsavos C,Rosenqvist M,Sunyer J,Peters Adoi
10.1289/ehp.0800370subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-09-01 00:00:00pages
1373-9issue
9eissn
0091-6765issn
1552-9924journal_volume
117pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The N-oxidation of carcinogenic arylamines to form N-hydroxy arylamines has long been regarded as a necessary metabolic step for conversion to proximate carcinogenic derivatives. In contrast, arylamine ring-oxidation has been generally considered to be an important detoxification mechanism. Both enzymatic reactions ar...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.9087233
更新日期:1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The extracellular lining of the lungs is reviewed. The pulmonary extracellular lining is a complex mixture of phospholipids, proteins and carbohydrates which is absolutely essential for the maintenance of normal pulmonary functions such as gas exchange. Without the lining the lungs would collapse. Alterations in the p...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1289/ehp.8455227
更新日期:1984-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dose influences mechanism; and over a wide range of doses, one can envision that mechanism will change with changing dose. This basic concept in toxicology is juxtaposed with the biologic importance of maintaining normal DNA methylation status to provide the focus of this paper. The idea that altered DNA methylation p...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1289/ehp.98106s1285
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The toxicity of many xenobiotic compounds is believed to involve oxidative injury to cells. Direct assessment of mechanistic events involved in xenobiotic-induced oxidative stress is not easily achievable. Development of genetically encoded probes designed for monitoring intracellular redox changes represent...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.1206039
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Carbon monoxide is widely distributed in the environment, and acute or chronic toxic effects may be of considerable public health significance. A review of the basis for current ambient standards is given. Mortality and morbidity studies have been negative or equivocal in relating carbon monoxide levels to health effe...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.8352131
更新日期:1983-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although most people are thought to receive their highest acute exposures to gasoline while refueling, relatively little is actually known about personal, nonoccupational exposures to gasoline during refueling activities. This study was designed to measure exposures associated with the use of an oxygenated fuel under ...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.97105850
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is an increasing interest in the development and validation of biomarkers for use in biochemical/molecular epidemiological studies. Though the area of neurotoxicology has received much attention in the past several years, it still lags behind with regard to the development of biomarkers, particularly those of he...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1289/ehp.96104s155
更新日期:1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Ocean pollution affects marine organisms and ecosystems as well as humans. The International Oceanographic Commission recommends ocean health monitoring programs to investigate the presence of marine contaminants and the health of threatened species and the use of multiple and early-warning biomarker approac...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.0901809
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Scientists at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory in Richland, Washington, have developed a unique imaging system capable of focusing on a single living cell within an organism. This new technology will be used in what the multidisciplinary team has termed a "cellular observatory" to study the effect of environmenta...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.99107a566
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study was undertaken to explore the effects of chronic low-level cadmium ingestion in Dahl hypertension-resistant (R) and hypertension-sensitive (S) lines of rats. Groups of weanling female R and S rats were given 0 or 1 mg cadmium/1. in drinking water and fed either a low salt (0.4% NaCl) or a high salt (4% NaCl...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.7928261
更新日期:1979-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The normal mucociliary epithelium of the respiratory tract in chronic cigarette smokers often is replaced focally by a metaplastic squamous epithelium. Because asbestos workers who smoke have a substantially greater risk of bronchogenic carcinoma than nonsmokers, we hypothesized that interaction of asbestos with squam...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.835127
更新日期:1983-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper reports on the prevalence of lead poisoning in children between 1 and 5 years of age living in a marginal area to the north of Mexico City and also includes an evaluation of sources of exposure to this metal in the same area. The results show that 67.5% of the children studied have blood lead (PbB) levels >...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.104-1469505
更新日期:1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neurogenic inflammation as a pathway distinct from antigen-driven, immune-mediated inflammation may play a pivotal role in understanding a broad class of environmental health problems resulting from chemical exposures. Recent progress in understanding the mediators, triggers, and regulation of neurogenic inflammation ...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1289/ehp.93101234
更新日期:1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chromate is an established human carcinogen. There have been many studies of the reactivity of chromate aimed at improving understanding of chromate toxicity. In the present paper a number of conclusions of these studies are reviewed and considered in the light of new results obtained in our laboratories. A number of ...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.94102s33
更新日期:1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study we investigated the risk of hearing loss among workers exposed to both toluene and noise. We recruited 58 workers at an adhesive materials manufacturing plant who were exposured to both toluene and noise [78.6-87.1 A-weighted decibels; dB(A)], 58 workers exposed to noise only [83.5-90.1 dB(A)], and 58 ad...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.8959
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Biological monitoring of genotoxic hazard in the rubber industry was performed in 19 male workers and 20 age-matched controls in a local health unit in northern Italy. Peripheral blood lymphocytes were analyzed for the presence of DNA damage (single-cell microgel-electrophoresis, or comet assay) and for cytogenetic pa...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.96104s3543
更新日期:1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Environmental pollution with the nephrotoxic metal cadmium is considered a potential health risk for the general population. In 1976 it was reported that the cadmium concentration in human kidney cortex in Sweden had increased in parallel with increasing levels in soil and grain during the twentieth century. Since the...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.98106175
更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper examines behavioral changes in natural populations of wildlife associated with pollution. Although some changes such as lack of nest attentiveness and decreased nest defense have been noted, the results have not been consistent and have been difficult to relate to specific pollutants. Experimental studies i...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1289/ehp.96104s2331
更新日期:1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many thousand organic compounds are in common use and new ones introduced daily. With many of these materials, little is known about their toxic hazard. For years scientists have been investigating the relation of structure and properties to biological activity. Among the factors relating to toxicity are bioaccumulati...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.793075
更新日期:1979-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have witnessed a tremendous increase in our knowledge of the molecular and biochemical mechanisms which underly the activities of the nervous system. Such knowledge is essential in order to determine the basic mechanisms involved in neurotoxic events. An overview of how neurotoxins could conceivably interfere with ...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.7826121
更新日期:1978-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Methylmercury (MeHg) exhibits neurotoxicity through accumulation in the brain. The transcription factor Nrf2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2) plays an important role in reducing the cellular accumulation of MeHg. OBJECTIVES:We investigated the protective effect of isothiocyanates, which are kno...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.1003123
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Asthma and lead poisoning are prevalent among urban children in the United States. Lead exposure may be associated with excessive production of immunoglobulin E, possibly increasing asthma risk and contributing to racial disparities. The objective of this study was to examine racial differences in the association of b...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.7453
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Multiple factors, known and unknown, contribute to human breast cancer. Hereditary, hormonal, and reproductive factors are associated with risk of breast cancer. Environmental agents, including chemical carcinogens, are modifiable risk factors to which over 70% of breast cancers have been attributed. Polymorphisms of ...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1289/ehp.02110s1119
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A brief overview is given of the sources, characteristics, and toxic constituents of municipal solid wastes. Several methods are presented for handling, treating, and disposal of solid wastes. Monitoring the landfill site is necessary; there has been a trend to recognize that municipal solid wastes may be hazardous an...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.7827239
更新日期:1978-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Evidence on the association between colorectal cancer and exposure to disinfection by-products in drinking water is inconsistent. OBJECTIVES:We assessed long-term exposure to trihalomethanes (THMs), the most prevalent group of chlorination by-products, to evaluate the association with colorectal cancer. ME...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1289/EHP155
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The formamidines, a relatively new group of acaricide-insecticides, are novel both in their range of biological activities and in their mode of action, which is presently unknown. This paper is a review of the historical development, properties, structures, uses, and chemistry of this group of pesticides, with particu...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1289/ehp.761457
更新日期:1976-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the fall of 1976 Congress enacted the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, commonly referred to as RCRA. The objective of the statute is to create an orderly system for the generation, handling and disposal of hazardous waste by means of a comprehensive tracking and record keeping mechanism. RCRA does not regula...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.834819
更新日期:1983-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The available data on binary interactions are yet to be considered within the context of mixture risk assessment because of our inability to predict the effect of a third or a fourth chemical in the mixture on the interacting binary pairs. Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models represent a potentially use...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1289/ehp.02110s6989
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper addresses the subject of the use of selected toxicology information resources in assessing relationships between chemical structure and specific biological end points. To assist the researcher in how to access the primary literature of genetic toxicology, teratogenesis, and carcinogenesis, three specific sp...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.8561287
更新日期:1985-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The significance of the environment for health is increasingly being recognized. There is a need for systematic approaches to assessment of environmental factors most relevant to health, health outcomes most influenced by the environment, and the relationships between them, as well as for approaches to representing th...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.8321
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00