Abstract:
:We have witnessed a tremendous increase in our knowledge of the molecular and biochemical mechanisms which underly the activities of the nervous system. Such knowledge is essential in order to determine the basic mechanisms involved in neurotoxic events. An overview of how neurotoxins could conceivably interfere with some basic neurochemical processes is presented, along with a specific example of how an understanding of such processes can contribute to the detection of neurotoxicity and to the development of predictive testing techniques.
journal_name
Environ Health Perspectjournal_title
Environmental health perspectivesauthors
Damstra Tdoi
10.1289/ehp.7826121subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1978-10-01 00:00:00pages
121-4eissn
0091-6765issn
1552-9924journal_volume
26pub_type
杂志文章abstract::With this research I tested the hypothesis that individual preferences for specific ecosystem components and restorative environments are significantly associated with quality of life (QOL). A total of 379 human subjects responded to a structured 18-item questionnaire on topophilia and to the 26-item World Health Orga...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.7467
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Flavone and isoflavone phytoestrogens are plant chemicals and are known to be competitive inhibitors of cytochrome P450 aromatase with respect to the androgen substrate. Aromatase is the enzyme that converts androgen to estrogen; therefore, these plant chemicals are thought to be capable of modifying the estrogen leve...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.9810685
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although allergic diseases such as asthma and hay fever are a major cause of morbidity in industrialized countries, most studies have focused on patterns of prevalence among children and adolescents, with relatively few studies on variations in prevalence by race/ethnicity and socioeconomic position among adults. Our ...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.02110s2211
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Traffic noise has been associated with cardiovascular and metabolic disorders. Potential modes of action are through stress and sleep disturbance, which may lead to endocrine dysregulation and overweight. OBJECTIVES:We aimed to investigate the relationship between residential traffic and railway noise and a...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.1409052
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Residents living in communities near Superfund sites have expressed concern that releases from these facilities affect their health, including adverse effects on their immune systems. We used data from six cross-sectional studies to evaluate whether people who live near several Superfund sites are more likely to have ...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.8946
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dysmenorrhea is a common gynecologic disorder in women of reproductive age. Previous studies have found an association between current cigarette smoking and prevalence of dysmenorrhea. This study investigated the association between exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) and the occurrence of dysmenorrhea among...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.001081019
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Controversy remains regarding the relationship between ambient ozone and mortality worldwide. In mainland China, the largest developing country, there has been no prior study investigating the acute effect of O3 on death risk. Given the changes in types of air pollution from conventional coal combustion to t...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.9014
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The phenomenon of fiber-induced cytotoxicity to P388D1 macrophagelike cells has been demonstrated to parallel (thus far without exception) the probability that the fiber will induce a pleural sarcoma (mesothelioma) in rats. This startling parallel in both cases seems to be essentially independent of the chemical natur...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.803491
更新日期:1980-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A cohort of 12,110 male workers employed 1 or more years in eight styrene-butadiene polymer (SBR) manufacturing plants in the United States and Canada has been followed for mortality over a 40-year period, 1943 to 1982. The all-cause mortality of these workers was low [standardized mortality ratio (SMR) = 0.81] compar...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.9086107
更新日期:1990-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent studies have linked air pollution to tens of thousands of premature cardiovascular deaths per year. The mechanisms of such associations remain unclear. In this study we examine the association between blood markers of cardiovascular risk and air pollution in a national sample of the U.S. population. Air polluti...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.01109s3405
更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The major aspects that must be considered in studies of the health effects of environmental pollutants are: the direct damage due to the exposure, the role of pre-existing disease, and effects of the exposure on the response to secondary stresses. In experimental studies at concentrations of air pollutants found in ur...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.803589
更新日期:1980-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have demonstrated that the pyrolysis products of amino acids and proteins in model systems are mutagenic. The mutagenic principles in the pyrolyzates of amino acids have been isolated and identified by Sugimura et al. We have isolated and identified amino-alpha-carbolines from pyrolyzed soybean globulin as mutagens...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.866755
更新日期:1986-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Methylmercury (MeHg) is a known neuro-toxicant. Emerging evidence indicates it may have adverse effects on the neuro-logic and other body systems at common low levels of exposure. Impacts of MeHg exposure could vary by individual susceptibility or be confounded by beneficial nutrients in fish containing MeHg...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1289/ehp.1104494
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Human exposure to inorganic arsenic (iAs), a potent oxidative stressor, causes various dermal disorders, including hyperkeratosis and skin cancer. Nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 1 (NRF1, also called NFE2L1) plays a critical role in regulating the expression of many antioxidant response element (AR...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.1002304
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::According to current data, the capacity to cause nonprogrammed or unscheduled cell proliferation in target tissues, a common characteristic of chemical carcinogens, may play a more important role in the development of tumors than does genotoxicity. This paper provides strong support for the validity of this conclusion...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1289/ehp.9610440
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Organophosphates elicit developmental neurotoxicity through multiple mechanisms other than their shared property as cholinesterase inhibitors. Accordingly, these agents may differ in their effects on specific brain circuits. OBJECTIVES:We gave parathion to neonatal rats [postnatal days (PNDs) 1-4], at daily...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.11451
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:C60 fullerenes and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) are projected to be used in medicine and consumer products with potential human exposure. The hazardous effects of these particles are expected to involve oxidative stress with generation of oxidatively damaged DNA that might be the initiating event i...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.11922
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Experimental tools for studying the complex steroidogenic interactions that occur between placenta and fetus during human pregnancy are extremely limited. OBJECTIVES:We aimed to develop a co-culture model to study steroidogenesis by the human fetoplacental unit and its disruption by exposure to environmenta...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.1307518
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Exceptional aging, defined as reaching age 85 years, shows geographic inequalities that may depend on local environmental conditions. Links between particulate pollution-a well-recognized environmental risk factor-and exceptional aging have not been investigated. OBJECTIVES:We conducted a nationwide analysi...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/EHP197
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A brief history of the development of the field of aquatic toxicology is provided. In order to provide a perspective on the state-of-the-art in aquatic toxicology relative to classical toxicology, the two fields are compared from the standpoint of the type of scientist practicing each field, the respective objectives ...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.8034159
更新日期:1980-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Chronic exposure to well water arsenic (As) remains a major rural health challenge in Bangladesh and some other developing countries. Many mitigation programs have been implemented to reduce As exposure, although evaluation studies for these efforts are rare in the literature. OBJECTIVES:In this study we es...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.1409462
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Environmental health is a subject that has only relatively recently become prominent in the social consciousness. Even as its significance becomes known, finding ways to integrate the subject into education for primary and secondary students is difficult because of federal testing requirements under the No Child Left ...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.112-a814
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigated the association between biomarkers of fetal exposure to cigarette smoke at the end of pregnancy, cotinine in cord serum and in maternal and newborn urine samples, and quantitative measurement of smoking intake and exposure evaluated by maternal self-reported questionnaire. Study subjects were 4...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.001081079
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pyrethroids are important insecticides used in agriculture, forestry, horticulture, and in the home. In humans, they are rapidly metabolized and renally eliminated. In numerous studies, pyrethroid metabolites have been detected in urine after occupational exposure to insecticides. In this study, we used a new, reliabl...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.01109213
更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We include in this review an assessment of the formation, environmental fate, and mammalian and ecotoxicity of CW agent degradation products relevant to environmental and occupational health. These parent CW agents include several vesicants: sulfur mustards [undistilled sulfur mustard (H), sulfur mustard (HD), and an ...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1289/ehp.99107933
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies conducted by the National Toxicology Program on the chronic toxicity of benzene indicated that B6C3F1 mice were more sensitive to the carcinogenic effects of benzene than were F344 rats. A physiological model was developed to describe the uptake and metabolism of benzene in rats and mice. Our objective was to ...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.898243
更新日期:1989-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The presence of low concentrations of perchlorate in some drinking water sources has led to concern regarding potential effects on the thyroid. In a recently published report, the National Academy of Sciences indicated that the perchlorate dose required to cause hypothyroidism in adults would probably be > 0.40 mg/kg-...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.7814
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A simplified mathematical model which made use of Fick's laws of diffusion written in spherical coordinates was developed to describe the rate of diffusion of residual monomers from polymer resins. The properties of the monomer-polymer system which influenced the amount of monomer remaining in the polymer as a functio...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.7617227
更新日期:1976-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Recent policies attempting to reduce adverse effects of methylmercury exposure from fish consumption in the United States have targeted reductions in anthropogenic emissions from U.S. sources. OBJECTIVES:To analyze the prospects for future North American and international emissions controls, we assessed the...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.0900811
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::N-Substituted aromatic compounds can be metabolized in most species to N-acetylated derivatives that are themselves subject to further enzymatic transformations, including hydrolysis and N,O-acyltransfer. These proceses can either potentiate or ameliorate the biological responses to these N-substituted derivatives. De...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1289/ehp.834943
更新日期:1983-03-01 00:00:00