The traditional toxicologic paradigm is correct: dose influences mechanism.

abstract：:A brief overview is given of the sources, characteristics, and toxic constituents of municipal solid wastes. Several methods are presented for handling, treating, and disposal of solid wastes. Monitoring the landfill site is necessary; there has been a trend to recognize that municipal solid wastes may be hazardous an...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Stone R

更新日期：1978-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Lead (Pb) exposure may influence the plasma concentration of homocysteine, a one-carbon metabolite associated with cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Little is known about the associations between Pb and homocysteine over time, or the potential influence of dietary factors. OBJECTIVES:We examine...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Bakulski KM,Park SK,Weisskopf MG,Tucker KL,Sparrow D,Spiro A 3rd,Vokonas PS,Nie LH,Hu H,Weuve J

更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many mutagenic heterocyclic amines (HAs) have been isolated from cooked foods and pyrolysates of amino acids and proteins, and the carcinogenicity of 10 of these HAs in rodents and of 1 in monkeys has been reported. Quantification of these carcinogenic HAs in various kinds of cooked foods indicated that the level of 2...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Wakabayashi K,Ushiyama H,Takahashi M,Nukaya H,Kim SB,Hirose M,Ochiai M,Sugimura T,Nagao M

更新日期：1993-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although acute adverse effects on asthma have been frequently found for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's principal criteria air pollutants, there is little epidemiologic information on specific hydrocarbons from toxic emission sources. We conducted a panel study of 22 Hispanic children with asthma who were 1...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Delfino RJ,Gong H Jr,Linn WS,Pellizzari ED,Hu Y

更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The steroids trenbolone acetate (TbA) and melengestrol acetate (MGA) are licensed as growth promoters for farm animals in several meat-exporting countries. Although many studies have explored their safety for both animals and consumers, little is known about their fate after excretion by the animal. Our study aimed to...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Schiffer B,Daxenberger A,Meyer K,Meyer HH

更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Lead exposure is associated with elevated blood pressure during pregnancy; however, the magnitude of this relationship at low exposure levels is unclear. OBJECTIVES:Our goal was to determine the association between low-level lead exposure and blood pressure during late pregnancy. METHODS:We collected admis...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Wells EM,Navas-Acien A,Herbstman JB,Apelberg BJ,Silbergeld EK,Caldwell KL,Jones RL,Halden RU,Witter FR,Goldman LR

更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:During 1992 and 1993 the Wisconsin Division of Health investigated five cases in which copper-contaminated drinking water was suspected of causing gastrointestinal upsets. Each of these case studies was conducted after our office was notified of high copper levels in drinking water or notified of unexplained illnesses...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Knobeloch L,Ziarnik M,Howard J,Theis B,Farmer D,Anderson H,Proctor M

更新日期：1994-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Millions of people worldwide are living in areas where ozone (O3) concentrations exceed health standards (an hourly average of 235 micrograms/m3/0.12 ppm, not to be exceeded more than once per year). Ozone induces acute nasal inflammatory responses and significant epithelial lesions in experimental animals and humans....

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Calderon-Garcidueñas L,Rodriguez-Alcaraz A,Garcia R,Sanchez G,Barragan G,Camacho R,Ramirez L

更新日期：1994-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Population-based studies have estimated health risks of short-term exposure to fine particles using mass of PM(2.5) (particulate matter

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Peng RD,Bell ML,Geyh AS,McDermott A,Zeger SL,Samet JM,Dominici F

更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We found an epidemic of juvenile hypothyroidism among a population of self-defined "downwinders" living near the Hanford nuclear facility located in southeast Washington State. The episode followed massive releases of 131I. Self-reported data on 60 cases of juvenile hypothyroidism (<20 years of age) among a group of 8...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Goldsmith JR,Grossman CM,Morton WE,Nussbaum RH,Kordysh EA,Quastel MR,Sobel RB,Nussbaum FD

更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Environmental chemicals that function as estrogens have been suggested to be associated with an increase in disease and dysfunctions in animals and humans. To characterize chemicals that may act as estrogens in humans, we have compared three in vitro assays which measure aspects of human estrogen receptor (hER)-mediat...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Klotz DM,Beckman BS,Hill SM,McLachlan JA,Walters MR,Arnold SF

更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Many pesticides in current use have recently been revealed as in vitro androgen receptor (AR) antagonists, but information about their combined effects is lacking. OBJECTIVE:We investigated the combined effects and the competitive AR antagonism of pesticide mixtures. METHODS:We used the MDA-kb2 assay to te...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Orton F,Rosivatz E,Scholze M,Kortenkamp A

更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:comments on S. Patandin et al. : Dietary exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls and dioxins from infancy until adulthood: a comparison between breast-feeding, toddler, and long-term exposure. Environ Health Perspect 107:45-51 (1999). ...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： LaKind JS,Filser JG

更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The anatomy of the intestine is outlined. The kinetics of cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration in intestinal epithelium are described. The distribution of cell types between the proliferation and differentiation compartments of the epithelium is summarized. Seven preparations of intestine in current use ...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Porteous JW

更新日期：1979-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A literature review of experimental and human exposure studies of skin permeation and cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions evoked by chromium was carried out to provide a basis for making a risk assessment of chromium as a soil contaminant. In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated that 1 to 4% of the applied dose of ...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Bagdon RE,Hazen RE

更新日期：1991-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:After Hurricane Katrina, many New Orleans homes remained flooded for weeks, promoting heavy microbial growth. OBJECTIVES:A small demonstration project was conducted November 2005-January 2006 aiming to recommend safe remediation techniques and safe levels of worker protection, and to characterize airborne m...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Chew GL,Wilson J,Rabito FA,Grimsley F,Iqbal S,Reponen T,Muilenberg ML,Thorne PS,Dearborn DG,Morley RL

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Global climate change is anticipated to reduce future cereal yields and threaten food security, thus potentially increasing the risk of undernutrition. The causation of undernutrition is complex, and there is a need to develop models that better quantify the potential impacts of climate change on population ...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Lloyd SJ,Kovats RS,Chalabi Z

更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:In a 1994 Ninth Circuit decision on the remand of Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Judge Alex Kosinski wrote that science done for the purpose of litigation should be subject to more stringent standards of admissibility than other science. OBJECTIVES:We analyze this proposition by considering l...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Boden LI,Ozonoff D

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:U.S. chemical plants currently have potentially catastrophic vulnerabilities as terrorist targets. The possible consequences of these vulnerabilities echo from the tragedies of the Bhopal incident in 1984 to the terrorist attacks on 11 September 2001 and, most recently, Hurricanes Katrina and Rita. Findings from a 200...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Lippin TM,McQuiston TH,Bradley-Bull K,Burns-Johnson T,Cook L,Gill ML,Howard D,Seymour TA,Stephens D,Williams BK

更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:World Trade Center (WTC) rescue and recovery workers were exposed to a complex mix of pollutants and carcinogens. OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate cancer incidence in responders during the first 7 years after 11 September 2001. METHODS:Cancers among 20,984 consented participants ...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Solan S,Wallenstein S,Shapiro M,Teitelbaum SL,Stevenson L,Kochman A,Kaplan J,Dellenbaugh C,Kahn A,Biro FN,Crane M,Crowley L,Gabrilove J,Gonsalves L,Harrison D,Herbert R,Luft B,Markowitz SB,Moline J,Niu X,Sacks H,

更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods are described which permit the rapid isolation of multiple target macromolecules from the tissues of animals exposed to chemical mutagens. DNA and selected chromosomal proteins are isolated in a simple two step separation scheme. Isolated nuclei are dissolved in 3 ...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Balhorn R,Mazrimas JA,Corzett M

更新日期：1985-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Calcium has been implicated as a regulatory factor in many physiological and pathophysiological processes in the renal cell. Under physiological conditions, the cytosolic free calcium concentration is maintained at approximately 100 nM. Most of the releasable cell Ca2+ resides in the nonmitochondrial compartments. In ...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Bonventre JV

更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Agricultural use of antimicrobials in subtherapeutic concentrations is increasing in response to the rising demand for food animal products worldwide. In India, the use of antimicrobials in food animal production is unregulated. Research suggests that many clinically important antimicrobials are used indiscr...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Brower CH,Mandal S,Hayer S,Sran M,Zehra A,Patel SJ,Kaur R,Chatterjee L,Mishra S,Das BR,Singh P,Singh R,Gill JPS,Laxminarayan R

更新日期：2017-07-20 00:00:00

abstract：:We conducted a study to examine seasonal changes in residential dust lead content and its relationship to blood lead in preschool children. We collected blood and dust samples (floors, windowsills, and carpets) to assess lead exposure. The geometric mean blood lead concentrations are 10.77 and 7.66 microg/dL for the d...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Yiin LM,Rhoads GG,Lioy PJ

更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A biodosimetric approach to determine alpha-particle dose to the respiratory tract epithelium from known exposures to radon has been developed in the rat. Cytotoxicity assays have been used to obtain dose-conversion factors for cumulative exposures typical of those encountered by underground uranium miners. However, t...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Johnson NF,Carpenter TR,Jaramillo RJ,Liberati TA

更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Millions of people worldwide are exposed to arsenic-contaminated drinking water, and ingestion of inorganic arsenic (InAs) has been associated with increased risks of cancer. The primary metabolic pathway of ingested InAs is methylation to monomethyl arsenic (MMA) and dimethyl arsenic (DMA). However, people vary great...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Steinmaus C,Carrigan K,Kalman D,Atallah R,Yuan Y,Smith AH

更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Decision analysis-a systematic approach to solving complex problems-offers tools and frameworks to support decision making that are increasingly being applied to environmental challenges. Alternatives analysis is a method used in regulation and product design to identify, compare, and evaluate the safety and...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Malloy TF,Zaunbrecher VM,Batteate CM,Blake A,Carroll WF Jr,Corbett CJ,Hansen SF,Lempert RJ,Linkov I,McFadden R,Moran KD,Olivetti E,Ostrom NK,Romero M,Schoenung JM,Seager TP,Sinsheimer P,Thayer KA

更新日期：2017-06-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Uterine leiomyomas (fibroids, myomas) are the most common tumors occurring in the genital tract of women over 30 years of age. These benign uterine smooth-muscle tumors are estimated to be clinically significant in at least 25% of the American female population during their reproductive years. Furthermore, when thorou...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Newbold RR,DiAugustine RP,Risinger JI,Everitt JI,Walmer DK,Parrott EC,Dixon D

更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The past and current EPA research and regulatory programs as they relate to non-regulated emissions from light-duty motor vehicles are reviewed. Provisions of Sections 202(a) and 211 of the 1970 Clean Air Act Amendments are discussed and their relationships to the nonregulated emissions issue detailed. The EPA positio...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Moran JB

更新日期：1975-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The capacity of in vitro bioassays to detect the potential carcinogenicity of metal compounds is reviewed. The in vitro bioassays discussed include: bacterial reversion analysis to determine the capacity of metal salts to revert Salmonella typhimurium histidine auxotrophs or to revert Escherichia coli WP 2 tryp- to tr...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Sirover MA

更新日期：1981-08-01 00:00:00