Effects of metals in in vitro bioassays.

abstract：:In recent years there has been an increasing focus in environmental risk assessment on children as a potentially susceptible population. There also has been growing recognition of the need for a systematic approach for organizing, evaluating, and incorporating the available data on children's susceptibilities in risk ...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Daston G,Faustman E,Ginsberg G,Fenner-Crisp P,Olin S,Sonawane B,Bruckner J,Breslin W,McLaughlin TJ

更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The industrial accident that occurred in the town of Seveso, Italy, in 1976 exposed a large population to substantial amounts of relatively pure 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. Extensive monitoring of soil levels and measurements of a limited number of human blood samples allowed classification of the exposed pop...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Bertazzi PA,Bernucci I,Brambilla G,Consonni D,Pesatori AC

更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Martineau et al. (2002) reported that St. Lawrence beluga (SLB) have high cancer rates. Unfortunately, errors in their interpretation of the data have led them to overstate the importance of cancer and its links to environmental sources. ...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Hammill MO,Lesage V,Kingsley MC

更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Arsenic (As) occurs as monomethylarsonic acid (MMA) and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) in humans, and the methylation pattern demonstrates large interindividual differences. The fraction of urinary MMA is a marker for susceptibility to As-related diseases. OBJECTIVES:We evaluated the impact of polymorphisms in ...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Engström K,Vahter M,Mlakar SJ,Concha G,Nermell B,Raqib R,Cardozo A,Broberg K

更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of inhaled zinc oxide/hexachloroethane smoke (11,580 mg x min/m3) and intratracheally instilled zinc chloride (2.5 mg/kg body weight) have been studied in rat lung. The effects of subsequent treatment with 70% oxygen have been studied after both procedures. Both the inhalation of the smoke and instillation...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Brown RF,Marrs TC,Rice P,Masek LC

更新日期：1990-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The instrumentation and practical circuitry required for the detection of negative ions exiting the mass analysis section of a mass spectrometer is examined. The potentials needed to bias the electron multiplier when detecting negative ions from a low ion-energy mass spectrometer, e.g., a quadrupole, are contrasted wi...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： McKeown M

更新日期：1980-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Our aim was to investigate exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in a young urban population in a developing country, with focus on potentially highly exposed children working informally as scrap scavengers at a large municipal waste disposal site. We also set out to investigate whether hydroxyla...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Athanasiadou M,Cuadra SN,Marsh G,Bergman A,Jakobsson K

更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Thyroid hormones are important regulators of brain development. During critical periods of development, even transient disorders in thyroid hormone availability may lead to profound neurologic impairment. Animal experiments have shown that certain environmental pollutants, including heavy metals and organoch...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Maervoet J,Vermeir G,Covaci A,Van Larebeke N,Koppen G,Schoeters G,Nelen V,Baeyens W,Schepens P,Viaene MK

更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Microcystin-producing Microcystis bloom is a severe water problem in the world. Some reports indicate that chronic exposure to microcystin may result in liver damage in adults, but information on effects in children is limited. OBJECTIVE:We investigated the relationship between microcystin exposure and live...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Li Y,Chen JA,Zhao Q,Pu C,Qiu Z,Zhang R,Shu W

更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The workshop "Characterizing the Effects of Endocrine Disruptors on Human Health at Environmental Exposure Levels" was held to provide a forum for discussions and recommendations of methods and data needed to improve risk assessments of endocrine disruptors. This article was produced by a working group charged with de...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Ben-Jonathan N,Cooper RL,Foster P,Hughes CL,Hoyer PB,Klotz D,Kohn M,Lamb DJ,Stancel GM

更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dose influences mechanism; and over a wide range of doses, one can envision that mechanism will change with changing dose. This basic concept in toxicology is juxtaposed with the biologic importance of maintaining normal DNA methylation status to provide the focus of this paper. The idea that altered DNA methylation p...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Goodman JI

更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Traffic noise has been associated with cardiovascular and metabolic disorders. Potential modes of action are through stress and sleep disturbance, which may lead to endocrine dysregulation and overweight. OBJECTIVES:We aimed to investigate the relationship between residential traffic and railway noise and a...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Christensen JS,Raaschou-Nielsen O,Tjønneland A,Overvad K,Nordsborg RB,Ketzel M,Sørensen TIa,Sørensen M

更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The phenylphosphonothioate insecticides EPN and leptophos, and several analogs, were evaluated with respect to their delayed neurotoxic effects in hens and their environmental behavior in a terrestrial-aquatic model ecosystem. Acute toxicity to insects was highly correlated with sigma sigma of the substituted phenyl g...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Francis BM,Hansen LG,Fukuto TR,Lu PY,Metcalf RL

更新日期：1980-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Sex-specific associations have been reported between phthalates, bisphenol A (BPA), and child behavior. No data on large study populations are available for other phenols with possible endocrine-disrupting properties. OBJECTIVES:We aimed to study associations between prenatal exposure to phthalates and seve...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Philippat C,Nakiwala D,Calafat AM,Botton J,De Agostini M,Heude B,Slama R,EDEN Mother–Child Study Group.

更新日期：2017-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Preterm birth (PTB), a leading cause of infant mortality and morbidity, has a complex etiology with a multitude of interacting causes and risk factors. The role of environmental contaminants, particularly bisphenol A (BPA), is understudied with regard to PTB. OBJECTIVES:In the present study we examined the ...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Cantonwine DE,Ferguson KK,Mukherjee B,McElrath TF,Meeker JD

更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Groundwater pollution has become a worrisome phenomenon, mainly for aquifers underlying industrialized areas. In order to evaluate the risk of pollution, a model of the aquifer is needed. Herewith, we describe a quasi-tridimensional model, which we applied to a multilayered aquifer where a phreatic aquifer was coupled...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Ponzini G,Crosta G,Giudici M

更新日期：1989-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have witnessed a tremendous increase in our knowledge of the molecular and biochemical mechanisms which underly the activities of the nervous system. Such knowledge is essential in order to determine the basic mechanisms involved in neurotoxic events. An overview of how neurotoxins could conceivably interfere with ...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Damstra T

更新日期：1978-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The biopersistence of fibers and minerals in the respiratory tract is an important parameter in the toxicity of those materials. The biopersistence of respirable synthetic fibers and minerals in man can be most closely evaluated in an animal model. While acellular and in vitro systems are important for initial evaluat...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Bernstein DM,Mast R,Anderson R,Hesterberg TW,Musselman R,Kamstrup O,Hadley J

更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The subchronic inhalation toxicology of ethylene glycol monoethyl ether (EGEE) was evaluated in rats and rabbits using a 13-week exposure regimen. Groups of 20 rabbits (10 M, 10 F) and 30 rats (15 M, 15 F) were exposed to a vapor of 25 ppm, 100 ppm, or 400 ppm, 6 hr/day, 5 days/week. The control groups received air on...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Barbee SJ,Terrill JB,DeSousa DJ,Conaway CC

更新日期：1984-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Although patients with heart failure (HF) have been identified as particularly susceptible to the acute effects of air pollution, the effects of long-term exposure to air pollution on patients with this increasingly prevalent disease are largely unknown. OBJECTIVE:This study was designed to examine the mort...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Medina-Ramón M,Goldberg R,Melly S,Mittleman MA,Schwartz J

更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Millions of people worldwide are living in areas where ozone (O3) concentrations exceed health standards (an hourly average of 235 micrograms/m3/0.12 ppm, not to be exceeded more than once per year). Ozone induces acute nasal inflammatory responses and significant epithelial lesions in experimental animals and humans....

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Calderon-Garcidueñas L,Rodriguez-Alcaraz A,Garcia R,Sanchez G,Barragan G,Camacho R,Ramirez L

更新日期：1994-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Present available information regarding ovarian tumors in hens is incomplete in most aspects, and this lack of knowledge hampers use of hens as models for study of ovarian cancer. A study of 466 hens ranging from 2 to 7 years of age and covering a period of more than 3 years has provided much needed information relati...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Fredrickson TN

更新日期：1987-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The lungs may be exposed to potentially toxic metabolites that are either formed in situ or which are present in the circulation. Therefore, pulmonary injury may be a prominent effect of certain classes of chemicals that undergo bioactivation in the body. The specific types of lung cells damaged may depend upon factor...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Boyd MR

更新日期：1984-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Studies have shown that female mosquitofish living downstream of a paper mill located on the Fenholloway River, Florida, have masculinized secondary sex characteristics, including altered anal fin development and reproductive behavior. Masculinization can be caused by exposure to androgens in the water or from an alte...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Orlando EF,Davis WP,Guillette LJ Jr

更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Reproduction is essential for the continuation of the species and for life itself. In biological terms, living and reproducing are essentially one and the same. There is, therefore, no sharp division between identifying factors harmful to reproduction and identifying factors harmful to life or vice versa. Detection of...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Palmer AK

更新日期：1993-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An intercomparison exercise was conducted for the quantification of arsenic species in spiked human urine. The primary objective of the exercise was to determine the variance among laboratories in the analysis of arsenic species such as inorganic As (As+3 and As+5), monomethylarsonic acid (MMA), and dimethylarsinic ac...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Crecelius E,Yager J

更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Attention has been focussed, both in man and experimental animals, on the effects of inhalation of the gas monomer, vinyl chloride. Recently, note is being taken of the possible effects of the inhalation of the polymer in man. The particles in question are those produced commercially as paste polymer or dispersion pol...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Wagner JC,Johnson NF

更新日期：1981-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The articles in this monograph focus on the mechanisms whereby ambient particulate matter (PM) and co-pollutants deposited in the respiratory tract cause cardiovascular and systemic effects, especially in persons with preexisting conditions such as allergic hyperresponsiveness and pulmonary, cardiac, and vascular dise...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Yeates DB,Mauderly JL

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this study, we evaluated the impact of long-term occupational exposure to elemental mercury vapor (Hg0) on the personality traits of ex-mercury miners. Study groups included 53 ex-miners previously exposed to Hg0 and 53 age-matched controls. Miners and controls completed the self-reporting Eysenck Personality Quest...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Kobal Grum D,Kobal AB,Arneric N,Horvat M,Zenko B,Dzeroski S,Osredkar J

更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Grafting experiments show that the enhanced sensitivity of the SENCAR mouse to skin carcinogenesis by initiation and promotion is a property of the skin itself, suggesting the usefulness of in vitro studies to elucidate the mechanism. Such studies have indicated that cultured epidermal cells of SENCAR mice and the res...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Strickland JE,Allen PT,Sauder DN,Kawamura H,Fong MC,Yuspa SH

更新日期：1986-09-01 00:00:00