Abstract：
BACKGROUND:Global climate change is anticipated to reduce future cereal yields and threaten food security, thus potentially increasing the risk of undernutrition. The causation of undernutrition is complex, and there is a need to develop models that better quantify the potential impacts of climate change on population health. OBJECTIVES:We developed a model for estimating future undernutrition that accounts for food and nonfood (socioeconomic) causes and can be linked to available regional scenario data. We estimated child stunting attributable to climate change in five regions in South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) in 2050. METHODS:We used current national food availability and undernutrition data to parameterize and validate a global model, using a process-driven approach based on estimations of the physiological relationship between a lack of food and stunting. We estimated stunting in 2050 using published modeled national calorie availability under two climate scenarios and a reference scenario (no climate change). RESULTS:We estimated that climate change will lead to a relative increase in moderate stunting of 1-29% in 2050 compared with a future without climate change. Climate change will have a greater impact on rates of severe stunting, which we estimated will increase by 23% (central SSA) to 62% (South Asia). CONCLUSIONS:Climate change is likely to impair future efforts to reduce child malnutrition in South Asia and SSA, even when economic growth is taken into account. Our model suggests that to reduce and prevent future undernutrition, it is necessary to both increase food access and improve socioeconomic conditions, as well as reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
journal_name
Environ Health Perspectjournal_title
Environmental health perspectivesauthors
Lloyd SJ,Kovats RS,Chalabi Zdoi
10.1289/ehp.1003311subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-12-01 00:00:00pages
1817-23issue
12eissn
0091-6765issn
1552-9924journal_volume
119pub_type
杂志文章abstract：BACKGROUND:Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are synthetic compounds that are widely used in industry and are often detectable in humans. In pregnant rats and their pups, PFASs can interfere with thyroid hormone homeostasis. In humans, maternal thyroid hormones supply the fetus throughout pregnancy, and thyroid hormone...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.1306925
更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A potential connection exists between exposure to organochlorine chemicals and the increasing prevalence of endometriosis. Evidence shows that dioxin (2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin) can increase the incidence and severity of the disease in monkeys and can promote the growth or survival of endometrial tissue impl...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1289/ehp.0211015
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Previous studies indicate that the design of streets and sidewalks can influence physical activity among residents. Park features also influence park use and park-based physical activity. Although individuals can walk on streets and sidewalks, walking loops in parks offer a setting to walk in nature and to a...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/EHP293
更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Trying to publish a paper in a top-rated peer-reviewed journal can be a difficult and frustrating experience for authors. It is important that authors understand the general review process before submitting manuscripts for publication. OBJECTIVES:Editors-in-chief and associate editors from top-tier journals...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.1003280
更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Pesticides have been associated with Parkinson's disease (PD), but there are few data on important exposure characteristics such as dose-effect relations. It is unknown whether associations depend on clinical PD subtypes. OBJECTIVES:We examined quantitative aspects of occupational pesticide exposure associa...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.1307970
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this article we summarize the results of a series of studies that measured the relative bioavailability (RBA) of lead in a variety of soil and soil-like test materials. Reference material (Pb acetate) or Pb-contaminated soils were administered orally to juvenile swine twice a day for 15 days. Blood samples were col...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.8852
更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The available data on the influence of selenium on the toxicity of methylmercury and of methylmercury on selenium as a nutrient and toxic agent are reviewed. Selenium as selenite has a relative protective effect on acute and subacute toxicity of methylmercury in the rat and the quail. The protective mechanism is far f...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1289/ehp.782557
更新日期：1978-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Metabolic enzymes involved in benzene activation or detoxification, including NAD(P)H, quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1), myeloperoxidase (MPO), glutathione-S-transferase mu-1 (GSTM1), and glutathione-S-transferase theta-1 (GSTT1), were studied for their roles in human susceptibility to ben...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.021101213
更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this investigation was to determine whether there has been a change in the human blood concentration of perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS), perfluorooctanoate (PFOA), and five other fluorochemicals since 1974. Blood samples were collected in 1974 (serum) and 1989 (plasma) from volunteer participants of a l...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.7544
更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An association between human illness and exposure to Pfiesteria was first observed among laboratory personnel working with the microorganism. In 1997, in the setting of Pfiesteria activity on the Pocomoke River in Maryland, difficulties with learning and memory were epidemiologically associated with high-level exposur...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1289/ehp.01109s5787
更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The discovery of the potent mutagenicity of AF-2, which was once used in Japan as a food preservative, has exerted a great influence not only on screening procedures for carcinogenic compounds but also on legislative approaches to mutagenic substances. It promoted the synthesis of exceedingly sensitive and reliable te...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.7929183
更新日期：1979-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Functional limitations are a major cause for needing care and institutionalization among older adults. Exposure to air pollution has been suggested to be associated with increased functional limitations in older people. OBJECTIVE:Our objective was to assess the association between air pollution and physical...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/EHP2239
更新日期：2018-01-19 00:00:00
abstract：:The many anatomical, physiological, and biochemical differences among various mammalian species make it difficult to extrapolate carcinogenic potency data from animals to humans. The process is further complicated by the multistep origin of most malignant tumors in animals and humans due to the interaction of target c...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1289/ehp.887773
更新日期：1988-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Epidemiologic and experimental studies have reported a variety of health effects in response to ozone (O3) exposure, and some have indicated that certain populations may be at increased or decreased risk of O3-related health effects. OBJECTIVES:We sought to identify potential response-modifying factors to d...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1289/ehp.1307541
更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Gene expression is a unique way of characterizing how cells and organisms adapt to changes in the external environment. The measurements of gene expression levels upon exposure to a chemical can be used both to provide information about the mechanism of action of the toxicant and to form a sort of "genetic signature" ...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1289/ehp.8194
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bisphenol A (BPA) is the monomer used to manufacture polycarbonate plastic, the resin lining of cans, and other products, with global capacity in excess of 6.4 billion lb/year. Because the ester bonds in these BPA-based polymers are subject to hydrolysis, leaching of BPA has led to widespread human exposure. A recent ...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1289/ehp.7713
更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Inspection of the available literature reveals that a detailed investigation of the aqueous organic chemistry of chlorine dioxide and systematic identification of products formed during water disinfection has not been considered. This must be done before an informed assessment can be made of the relative safety of usi...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.8246101
更新日期：1982-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Methylmercury (MeHg), a worldwide contaminant found in fish and seafood, has been linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular mortality. OBJECTIVE:We examined 42 Faroese whaling men (30-70 years of age) to assess possible adverse effects within a wide range of MeHg exposures from consumption of pilot whal...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.11608
更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.7928127
更新日期：1979-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.93101s663
更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.11345
更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Thyroid hormones are important regulators of brain development. During critical periods of development, even transient disorders in thyroid hormone availability may lead to profound neurologic impairment. Animal experiments have shown that certain environmental pollutants, including heavy metals and organoch...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.10486
更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.1408953
更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.96104744
更新日期：1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Most air pollution in West Germany is caused by combustion products. Particulate organic matter released by incomplete combustion is suspected to contribute to the "urban factor" of lung cancer frequency in urban-industrial centers. The carcinogenic potential of single components, groups of compounds and total source ...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.8347293
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The use of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models has been proposed as a means of estimating the dose of the reactive metabolites of carcinogenic xenobiotics reaching target tissues, thereby affording an opportunity to base estimates of potential cancer risk on tissue dose rather than external levels of e...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1289/ehp.94102s1137
更新日期：1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:[35S]t-Butylbicyclophosphorothionate or [35S]TBPS is an improved radioligand for the picrotoxinin binding site in rat brain synaptic membranes. The toxic isomers of the hexachlorocyclohexanes, polychlorobornanes, and chlorinated cyclodienes displace [35S]TBPS with a stereospecificity and potency generally correlated w...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1289/ehp.8561123
更新日期：1985-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Drinking water contamination related to the use of aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF) has been documented at hundreds of military bases, airports, and firefighter training facilities. AFFF has historically contained high levels of long-chain per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), which pose serious health...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/EHP6470
更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The metabolism of polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs) was studied in vitro by using rat liver microsomes in the presence of NADPH and atmospheric O2. Quantitative recoveries of all PBBs were obtained after incubations with control or 3-methylcholanthrene (MC) induced microsomes. Of the twelve major components, losses of o...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.782351
更新日期：1978-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Pterygium is a fibrovascular growth of the bulbar conjunctiva and underlying subconjunctival tissue that may cause blindness. The mechanism of pterygium formation is not yet fully understood, but pterygium has some tumorlike features. OBJECTIVES:The objective of this study was to evaluate the association be...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.11111
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
